Term
| What factors determine the way an object will vibrate? |
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Definition
| Mass, elasticity, resistance |
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Term
| More massive objects vibrate at ___ frequencies |
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Definition
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| Elasticity/Stiffness: Stiffer objects vibrate at ___ freqs |
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Definition
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| Resistance: With more friction, ___ amplitude and ____ duration of free vibration |
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Definition
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Term
Sound must have:
A vibrating ______
A _______ through which it travels |
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Definition
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Term
| frequency is Measured in ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| frequency has an Inverse of ___ and ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| A sine wave has energy at ____ freq(s) |
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Definition
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Term
| Description of where in the cycle the vibration is at. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ____ Phase = phase value at time 0 |
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Definition
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Term
| how many degrees in one phase cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| Strength or size of displacement is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Intensity decreases as a function of the square of ____ from a sound source |
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Definition
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Term
| distance ____ as density ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Vibration travels through object (new medium) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| simple Simple = Sine wave = energy at ____ frequency. |
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Definition
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Term
| Complex sound = energy ____ than 1 freq. |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ = sounds that repeat a pattern of amplitude changes on a regular time interval. |
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Definition
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Term
_______ = sounds that don’t repeat regularly
Aka, noise |
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Definition
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Term
| Harmonic sounds = complex sounds with energy at frequencies that are all integer mulitples of some _______ frequency. |
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Definition
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Term
| how does a harmonic series work? |
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Definition
250, 500, 750 and 1000 Hz (x2, x3, x4)
208, 416, 624 and 832 Hz (x2, x3, x4) |
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Term
| Waveform = _______ (y-axis) as a function of ______ (x-axis) |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ _______ = phase as a function of freq. |
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Definition
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Term
| Spectogram = _____ as a function of time with ____ shown as color intensity. |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ _______ = ampl. as a function of freq. |
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Definition
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Term
Incident and Reflected waves interact
Producing patterns of maximum destructive interference = ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| You can have the node and antinode at each end for several different patterns or _____ of vibration, each of these is associated with a different frequency. |
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Definition
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Term
Incident and Reflected waves interact
Producing patterns of Maximum constructive reinforcement = _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Tubes vibrate with: ____ at closed end |
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Definition
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Term
| Tubes vibrate with: _____ at open end. |
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Definition
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Term
Source-Filter Theory for Speech
Source = vibrating ______ _____. |
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Definition
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Term
Source-Filter Theory for Speech
Filter = Resonance of the _____ _____. |
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Definition
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Term
Source-Filter Theory for Speech
Power for the source comes from the ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when you contract your diaphragm? |
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Definition
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Term
| Drawn through the remaining distance to closure by the ________ Effect. |
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Definition
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Term
| Laryngeal Muscles partially ____ the folds |
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Definition
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Term
| vocal folds Produce energy at a ____ frequency |
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Definition
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Term
vf frequency at
90 to 450 Hz in males
150 to 520 Hz in females
is which register? |
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Definition
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Term
| which register is 35 to 50 Hz? |
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Definition
| Glottal Fry (Pulse register) = |
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Term
| which register is > 400 Hz? |
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Definition
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Term
filter = vocal tract
Modelled as a tube open at ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Constrictions (partial or complete) can be introduced by the ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| These Constrictions alter the amplitude of the source vibrations in different frequency ranges, creating _______, or ranges of frequency with greater amplitude |
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Definition
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Term
| Labelled from low to high frequency |
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Definition
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Term
| Visible as a darker band in a spectrogram. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which have greater sound intensities? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which have greater degrees of constriction? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which tend to have more information carried by higher frequencies? |
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Definition
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Term
High front vowels have:
_____ F1 values, and _____ F2 values |
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Definition
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Term
Low back vowels have:
_____ F1 values, and _____ F2 values |
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Definition
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Term
High back vowels have:
_____ F1 values, and _____ F2 values |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ - associated with noise created by air turbulence at the point of greatest constriction |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ - associated with complete temporary closure of the vocal tract |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ - associate with dropping the velum, and creating low, strong F1 energy and weaker higher formant energies |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ - contains features of both stops and fricatives |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ - contain vowel-like formant transitions and obvious antiformants (nodes) |
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Definition
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Term
Give an example of:
A voiced stop |
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Definition
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Term
| A ligual-palatal fricative |
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Definition
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Term
| An lingual-alveolar nasal |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| variations in intensity, fundamental frequency and relative duration of syllables are called |
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Definition
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Term
| what reveals complexity of vocal fold movements? |
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Definition
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Term
Spectrography –
______ band: to extract acoustic source info |
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Definition
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Term
| Spectrography – ____ band: to extract filter (formant) info |
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Definition
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Term
| X-ray kinematics – reveal _____ of articulators. |
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Definition
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Term
| what is it called when sounds are produced consistently? |
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Definition
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