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Details

ACNP III Bleeding in the Surgical Patient
Post-Op bleeding
16
Nursing
Graduate
01/29/2011

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Cards

Term
Hemostasis is a balance of which three processes?
Definition
-Thrombotic
-Anticoagulant
-Fibrinolytic
Term
Where do the extrinisic and intrinsic coagulation pathways meet?
Definition
Both pathways lead to the activation of factor Xa, the conversion of prothrombin into thrombin and conversion of fibrinogen to the insoluble fibrin thread that hold a clot together
Term
Extrinsic pathway
Definition
-Requires injury to vessel wall for activation
-requires a surface for activation
-shorter and faster
Term
Intrinsic pathway
Definition
-Has more steps
-Takes longer to get going
-Does not require a surface to initiate the process
Term
FFP
Definition
-Give 10-15mL/kg to completely reverse someone related to coumadin
-give 30-45 minutes before OR
Term
Packed RBC
Definition
1 unit increased hgb by 1gm, increases hematocrit by 3-4%
Term
Which clotting factors are replaced with FFP?
Definition
Vitamin K factors-II, VII, IX, X
Term
Under which circumstances should FFP be given?
Definition
-Reverse supratheraputic INR
-reverse therapeutic INR before emergency surgery
-coagulation disorders related to liver disease
-isolated factor issue
Term
Under which circumstances are platelets given
Definition
-thrombocytopenia: quantitative platelet count <20,000
-qualitative problem-no working circulating platelets
Term
platelet replacement
Definition
-1 unit has 5 or 6 packs
-goal is raise platelet count 20-60 thousand
-if refractory to platement replacement, give single donor replacment
-platelets last 1-7 days after transfusion
Term
Under which circumstances is cryoprecipate given?
Definition
-Indicated in low fibrinogen levels <100 in patient that is actively bleeding
-pt may be in DIC or severe sepsis
Term
Dose of crycipitate
Definition
-7-10ml/kg
-dose is 1 unit
-each pool of 10 units=2000 units of fibrinogen
Term
Albumen
Definition
-large, low molecular protein given to treat conditions associated hyponatremia
-can be given to increase osmotic pressure to pool fluid from he interstitial space to the intravascular space, increasing circulating blood volume
Term
Hetastarch
Definition
-May be used as first line before you go to albumin
Term
How much blood does a fully soaked 4x4 hold
Definition
10ml
Term
How much blood does a fully soaked lap pad hold?
Definition
10-15 mL of blood
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