Term
| acids: taste, touch, reactions with metals, electrical conductivity, indicators |
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Definition
| sour, stinging, react vigorously with metals, conduct electricity well, red |
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Term
| base: taste, touch, reactions with metals, electrical conductivity, indicators |
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Definition
| bitter, smooth/soothing/slippery, don't react with most metals, conduct electricity well, blue |
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Definition
| substance that turns one color in an acidic solution and another color in a basic solution. (red for acid, blue for base in terms of litmus paper.) popular indicators: phenolphthalein, methyl red, thymol blue. |
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Definition
| the reaction between an acid and a base in which the acid neutralizes the base and the base neutralizes the acid. |
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Definition
| an ionic compound that forms from acid-base neutralization reaction. generally crystalline compounds with high melting points. many salts are good electrolytes in water. |
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Definition
| substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen H+ ions. |
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Definition
| substance that dissociates in water to produce hydroxide OH- ions. |
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Term
| when dissolved in water, both acids and bases are ______ because they form ____. |
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Definition
| any substance that can donate H+ ions |
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Definition
| any substance that can accept H+ ions |
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Definition
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| a substance such as water that can act as either an acid or a base depending on the circumstances. |
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Definition
| when an acid loses an H+ ion, it becomes its conjugate base. |
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Definition
| readily transfers H+ ions to water to form H30+ ions. react completely to form ions. strong electrolytes. |
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Definition
| don't readily form ions. poor electrolyte. |
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Definition
| strongest affinity for H+ ions, good electrolytes |
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Definition
| no real affinity for H+ ions. poor electrolytes |
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Term
| acid dissociation constant |
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Definition
| Ka, measure of the strength of an acid. |
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Term
| base dissociation constant |
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Definition
| Kb, measure of the strength of the base. |
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Definition
| the reactions of ions from salts to form H30+ or OH- ions |
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Definition
| in a molecule of an acid, a hydrogen atom that can be donated. has a slight positive charge while it is still part of a molecule. |
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Term
| bronstead-lowry base always contains an |
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Definition
| unshared pair of electrons |
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Term
| in pure water at 25 C, both H30+ ions and OH- ions are found at concentrations of ______ |
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Definition
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Definition
| Kw. in pure water @ 25 C, Kw equals 1.0 x 10^-14 |
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Definition
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Definition
| a mixture that is able to release or absorb H+ ions, keeping a solution's pH constant. |
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Definition
| the amount of acid or base a buffer can neutralize. |
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Definition
| carefully controlled neutralization reaction |
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Definition
| contains an acid or base in a known concentration |
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Term
| for arrhenius acids/bases, total moles of H+ ions from the acid (at end point) = |
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Definition
| total moles of OH- ions from the base (at end point) |
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