Term
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Definition
| movement away from the midline of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| the uptake of nutrients across a tissue or membrane by the gastrointestinal tract |
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Term
acceptable macronutrient distribution range
(AMDR) |
|
Definition
the range of intake for a particular energy source that is associated with reduced risk of chronic disease while providing intakes of essential nutrients |
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Term
Acetyl coenzyme A
(acetyl-CoA) |
|
Definition
| and important molecule in metabolism, used in many biochemical reactions. Main use is to convey the carbon atoms within the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle to be oxidized for energy production. this compound forms the common entry point into the Kreb's cycle for the oxidation of carbohydrate and fat. |
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Term
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Definition
| a white crystalline neurotransmitter and derivative of choline that is released at the ends of nerve fibers and in the somatic and parasympathetic nervous systems and is involved in the transmission of nerve impulses in the body |
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Term
| acromioclavicular (A/C) joint |
|
Definition
| the junction of the acromion process of the scapula with the distal clavicle |
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Term
|
Definition
| thing contractile protein in a myofibril |
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Term
| active isolated stretching (AIS) |
|
Definition
| a stretching technique modeled after traditional strength-training workouts. stretches are held briefly in sets of a specified number of repetitions, with a goal of isolating an individual muscle in each set |
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Term
| activities of daily living (ADL) |
|
Definition
| activities normally performed for hygiene, bathing, household chores, walking, shopping, and similar activities |
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Term
|
Definition
| movement toward the midline of the body |
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Term
| adenosine diphosphate (ADP) |
|
Definition
| one of the chemical by-products of the breakdown of ATP during muscle contraction |
|
|
Term
| adenosine monophosphate (AMP) |
|
Definition
| substance found in muscle cells that participates in energy released by working muscle |
|
|
Term
| adenosine triphosphate (ATP) |
|
Definition
| a high-energy phosphate molecule required to provide energy for cellular function. Produced both aerobically and anaerobically and stored in the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| a recommended nutrient intake level that, based on research, appears to be suffificent for good health |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| fatty tissue. connective tissue made up of fat cells |
|
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Term
| adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) |
|
Definition
| a hormone released by the pituitary gland that affects various important bodily functions; control the secretion in the adrenal gland of hormones that influence the metabolism of carbs, sodium, and potassium; also controls the rate at which substances are exchanged between the blood & tissues |
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Term
|
Definition
| in the presence of oxygen |
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Term
|
Definition
| a metabolc pathway that requires oxygen to facilitate the use of oxygen for energy (ATP) |
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Term
|
Definition
| the pressure in the aorta and pulmonary trunk, respectively, that the left and right ventricles of the heart must overcome to eject blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| the muscle directly responsible for observed movement; also called the prime mover |
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Term
|
Definition
| one of two main hormones released by the adrenal coretex; plays a role in limiting sodium excretion in the urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| the principle of muscle contraction that states that when a motor unit is activated, all of the muscle fibers will maximally contract |
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Term
|
Definition
| a substance that can cause an allergic reaction by stimulating type-1 hypersensitivity in atopic individuals |
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Term
|
Definition
| endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas responsible for synthesizing and secreting the hormone glucagon, which elevates the glucose levels in the blood |
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