Term
| Local anesthetics with one "i" |
|
Definition
| Esters- procaine, chloroprocaine, tetracaine |
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|
Term
| Local anesthetics with two "i"s |
|
Definition
| Amides- lidocaine, bupivacaine |
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|
Term
| Local anesthetics a/w allergic reaction |
|
Definition
| Esters through PABA (metabolite) |
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Term
| Mechanism of metabolism of amides |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Mechanism of metabolism of esters |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Induction agent that can depress plasma cortisol levels with prolonged use |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Induction agent useful in cardiovascular compromise |
|
Definition
Etomidate- causes less cardiac depression than propofol
Ketamine causes increase myocardial oxygen consumption through direct and indirect sympathetic nervous system stimulation |
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|
Term
| Induction agent useful in closed head or eye injuries |
|
Definition
Etomidate causes short term decrease in ICP and IOP
Ketamine can cause elevated ICP |
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|
Term
| Induction agent useful in thoracic surgery |
|
Definition
| Ketamine assists in bronchodilation and is a useful endobronchial agent |
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|
Term
| Maximum dose of lidocaine with and without epinephrine |
|
Definition
Without: 5 mg/kg
With: 7 mg/kg |
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|
Term
| Maximum dose of bupivacaine with and without epinephrine |
|
Definition
Without: 2 mg/kg
With: 3 mg/kg |
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|
Term
| How many mg/ml in 1 % solution |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Muscle relaxants in cardiac disease |
|
Definition
| Pancuronium causes tachycardia and is relatively contraindicated |
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|
Term
| Long acting muscle relaxants |
|
Definition
| Pancuronium (up to 90 min) |
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|
Term
| Muscle relaxant contraindicated in eye injury |
|
Definition
| Succinylcholine causes increased IOP |
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|
Term
| Muscle relaxant that causes histamine release |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Muscle relaxant that has renal AND hepatic clearance |
|
Definition
| Vecuronium and Pancuronium |
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|
Term
| Substances that protect against free radical injury |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scavenger enzymes that protect against free radical injury |
|
Definition
Superoxide dismutase (radical O2 to H2O2 and O2)
Glutathione peroxidase (H2O2 to water and oxidized glutathione)
Catalase (H2O2 to O2 and Water) |
|
|
Term
| Muscle relaxant that undergoes Hoffman degradation |
|
Definition
| Cisatracurium and Atracurium |
|
|
Term
| Method of elimination of Atracurium and Cisatracurium |
|
Definition
| Ester hydrolysis and Hoffman degradation |
|
|
Term
| Intermediate duration of action muscle relaxant |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Muscle relaxant that is eliminated by the liver |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Muscle relaxants that should not be used in patients with liver dysfunction |
|
Definition
| The "-oniums": Roc, Vec and pancuronium |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications to ketamine use |
|
Definition
Head injury or space occupying brain lesion
Should not be used as the SOLE anesthetic in patients with ischemic heart disease
Intrathecal or epidural administration |
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