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Abnormal-Rae Shock
Abnormal-Rae Shock
106
Psychology
Graduate
09/22/2011

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Term
What are the 3 divisions of mood disorders?
Definition
1. Mood Episodes
2. Depressive Disorders
3. Bipolar Disorders
Term
What are common features of the somatoform disorders?
Definition
presence of physical symptoms that suggest a general medical condition and are not fully explained by a general medical condition, direct effects of a substance or by another mental disorder
Term
What are the 7 Somatoform Disorders?
Definition
1. Somatization
2. Undifferentiated Somatoform
3.Conversion Disorder
4.Pain Disorder
5.Hypochondriasis
6.Body Dismorphic Disorder
7. Somatoform NOS
Term
What are the 4 types of Mood Episodes?
Definition
1.Major Depressive Ep
2.Manic Ep
3.Mixed Ep
4.Hypomanic Ep
Term
What are the 3 types of Depressive Disorders?
Definition
1.Major Depressive Disorder
2.Dysthymic Disorder
3.Depressive NOS
Term
What are the 4 types of Bipolar Disorder?
Definition
1.BP I
2.BP II
3.Cyclothymic
4.BP NOS
Term
What are the 4 subtypes of Schizophrenia?
Definition
1.Paranoid
2.Disorganized
3.Catatonic
4.Residual
Term
What are the drugs in the Amphetamine related substance disorder?
Definition
1.amphetamine
2.dextra-amphetamine
3.meth-amphetamine (ice,glass)
4.methyl phenidate
Term
What are the drugs in the Hallucinogen related substance disorder?
Definition
1.LSD
2.Morning glory seeds
3.phenylalkamines (Mescaline-peyote,STP)
4.MDMA
5.DMT
Term
What are the drugs in the Opioid related substance disorder?
Definition
1.morphine (natural)
2.Heroin (semisynthetic)
3.Codine
4.Methadone
5.Oxycodone
6.Fentanyl
Term
What are the drugs in the Phencylidine related substance disorder?
Definition
1.Pencylidine(PCP-angel dust,Sernylan)
2.Ketamine (Ketalar)
3.cyclohexane
4.dizocilpine
Term
What are the drugs in the Sedative,Hypnotic,Anxiolytic related substance disorder?
Definition
1.benzodiazapines(zolpidem,zaleplon)
2.carbamates
3.barbituates
4.methaqualone
Term
What was Somatization Disorder historically known as?
Definition
hysteria or Briquet's Syndrome
Term
A polysymptomatic disorder that begins before age 30,extends over a period of years and is characterized by a combination of pain, GI, sexual and pseudo neurological symptoms
Definition
Somatization Disorder
Term
Involves unexpected symptoms or deficits affecting the voluntary motor or sensory function that suggest a neurological or other general medical condition
Definition
Conversion Disorder
Term
What is the diagnostic criteria for somatization disorder?
Definition
1. History of symptoms before age 30
2. Four pain symptoms
3.Two GI symptoms
4. One Sexual symptom
5. One pseudo neurological symptom
Term
Associated descriptive features of somatitization disorder are?
Definition
1.Move from Dr. to Dr.
2.anxiety and depression common
3.impulsive antisocial behavior, suicidal threats
4.substance related disorders due to frequent use of medication
Term
What are the associated laboratory findings for somatoform disorders
Definition
There are none. Key in diagnosis. Not to be confused with Factitious Disorder or Malingering
Term
What does malingering mean?
Definition
medical term that refers to fabricating or exaggerating the symptoms of mental or physical disorders for a variety of "secondary gain" motive
Term
This disorder has a high prevalence in Greek and Puerto Rican men
Definition
Somatization Disorder
Term
What are some differential diagnoses for Somatization Disorder?
Definition
Schizophrenia, Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Mood Disorders and Depression particularyl
Term
What are the subtypes of Conversion Disorder?
Definition
1.With motor symptom or deficit
2.With sensory symptom or deficit
3.With seizures or convulsions
4.With mixed presentations
Term
What is la belle indifference and which disorder will you find this in?
Definition
Conversion Disorder. Its a relative lack of concern about the nature or implications of the symptoms they have
Term
This is common in rural areas among individuals of lower socioeconomic status, more frequent in women and is very common in men from military
Definition
Conversion Disorder
Term
What is the onset of Conversion Disorder?
Definition
generally from late childhood to early adulthood. Rarely before 10 or after 35 even tho onset as late as ninth decade of life has been reported
Term
What is the major diagnostic concern in evaluating potential conversion symptoms?
Definition
Exclusion of occult neurological or other general medical conditions and substance induced etiologies
Term
What are some symptoms of Conversion Disorder that cannot be explained following a thorough evaluation, which includes a detailed neurologic examination and appropriate laboratory and radiographic diagnostic tests, no neurologic explanation exists for the symptoms, or the examination findings are inconsistent with the complaint.
Definition
blindness, diplopia, paralysis, dystonia, psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES), anesthesia, aphonia, amnesia, dementia, unresponsiveness, swallowing difficulties, motor tics, hallucinations, pseudocyesis and difficulty walking.
Term
What disorder shares symptoms with Conversion Disorder, both involve symptoms that suggest neurological dysfunction?
Definition
Dissociative Disorders
Term
This disorder does not meet criteria for Dysparunia, or Somatization Disorder
Definition
Pain Disorder
Term
How long must the duration of disturbance be for Hypochondriasis?
Definition
6 months
Term
What is the onset of Hypochondriasis?
Definition
Can be any age but most prevalent in early adulthood. Note: Dr. shopping and frustration and anger on both sides of Dr/Patient relationships are common
Term
How many symptoms must be present and during what time period for diagnosis of Major Depressive Episodes?
Definition
5 or more in same 2 week period. Must persist for longer than 2 months
Term
Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly everyday
Definition
Major Depressive Episode
Term
Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness
Definition
Major Depressive Episode
Term
Panic attacks, marital problems, occupational problems
Definition
Major Depressive Episode
Term
What are some associated lab findings for Major Depressive Episode?
Definition
1. Sleep EEG abnormalities in 40-60%
2. Degradation of serotonin, NE,dopamine, Ach, GABA
3.Hormone disturbances,including elevated glucocorticord
4.Altered cerebral blood flow and metabolism, including increased blood flow in limbic and paralimbic regions and decreased blood flow in lateral prefrontal cortex
Term
What is elevated sometimes in people with Major Depressive Episode that could explain a symptom of weight gain?
Definition
glucocorticoid
Term
How many symptoms must be present and how long should a period last in order to be diagnosed with Manic Episodes?
Definition
3+ with a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood lasting at least one week
Term
What are the 3+ symptoms that must exist in order to be diagnosed with Manic Episode?
Definition
1.inflated self esteem or grandiosity
2.decreased need for sleep (rested after 3hrs)
3.Talkative
4.Flight or ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing
5.distractibility
6.Increase in goal-directed activity
7. Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities
Term
What are some associated descriptive features of Manic Episodes?
Definition
1.Do not recognize they are ill
2.Engage in activities that are disorganized or bizarre
3.Gambling and antisocial behaviors sometimes
4. Mood rapidly shifts to anger or depression
Term
What are some lab findings for mania?
Definition
1.Increased cortisol secretions
2. NT abnormalities
Term
What is the onset of Manic Episode?
Definition
Early 20s but some in adolesence and after age 50
Term
When do manic episodes usually occur?
Definition
following psychosocial stressor with episodes lasting few weeks to several months
Term
What is a mixed Episode?
Definition
Characterized by period of time lasting at least 1 week in which criteria are met for Mania and depression nearly everyday
Term
What is a hypomanic episode?
Definition
Lasting at least 4 days and period of abnormal mood must accompany at least 3 additional symptoms from a list that includes: inflated self esteem, decreased need for sleep, pressure of speech, flight of ideas, distractibility, increased involvement of pleasurable activities
Term
What is a Major Depressive Disorder?
Definition
One or more episodes without history of Mania, Mixed or Hypomanic...If these exist than would be bipolar disorder
Term
Major Depressive Disorder may be preceded by
Definition
Dysthymic Disorder
Term
60% of individuals with this usually have a 2nd episode and those with 2 have 70% of a 3rd and 90% of a 4th
Definition
Major Depressive Disorder
Term
What are the drug treatments for Major Depressive Disorder?
Definition
1. TCAs
2.SSRIs
3. MAOIs
4. NRIs
5. SNRIs
6. Natural=hyperjcum perforatum (st. johns wort)
7. ECT-electroconvulsive therapy
8. TMS-transcranial magnetic stimulation
Term
Which antidepressant drug was discontinued bc of high toxicity levels?
Definition
TCAs-tricyclics in 1980s
Term
What are some SSRIs?
Definition
1.escitalopram
2.citalopram
3. fluoxetine
4. paroxetine
5. sertraline
Term
What does a MAO do?
Definition
bind irreversibly to active site of Monoamine oxidase, which is an enzyme responsible for degradation of both NE and serotomin
Term
What are some MAOs?
Definition
1.phenelzine
2. tranylcypromine
3. isocarboxazid
Term
What is TMS?
Definition
Non invasive treatment that stimulates cortical neurons thru electromagnetic induction
Term
What is Dysthymic Disorder?
Definition
Depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not for at least 2 years.
Term
What do you need 2 or more of in order to be diagnosed with Dysthymic Disorder?
Definition
1. Poor appetite or overeating
2. Insomnia or hypersomnia
3. Low energy or fatigue
4. Low self esteem
5. Poor concentration or difficulty making decisions
6. Feelings of hopelessness
Term
Symptoms must be present all the time but not absent for 2 months at a time and no Major Depressive Episode, Manic, or Mixed Episode present in the first two years of disturbance
Definition
Dysthymic Disorder
Term
What's the difference in Depression and Dysthymic Disorder?
Definition
People diagnosed with Dysthymic Disorder do not experience a full major depressive episode, and therefore cannot be said to have Major Depression. Instead, they experience a less intense, but longer duration (chronic, or long term) depressed mood that occurs for most of the day, more days than not over the course of at least two years (or one year for children and adolescents). Symptom-free periods, during which there are few or no mood symptoms, never last longer than two months.
Term
What are associated lab findings for Dysthymic Disorder?
Definition
25-50% of adults have same lab findings as those w/Major Depressive Disorder-reduced or increased REM density
Term
What is the course and prevalence of Dysthymic Disorder?
Definition
Equal in male and female. 3-6% prevalence
Term
What are the 6 separate criteria sets for BP I?
Definition
1.Single Manic Ep
2. Most recent ep depressed
3. Most recent ep manic
4. Most recent ep mixed
5. Most recent ep Hypomanic
6. Most recent ep unspecified
Term
Which BP has occurrence of one or more Manic Episodes or Mixed Episodes with usually one Major Depressive Episode
Definition
BP 1
Term
What is the difference between BP 1 and 2?
Definition
BP1 is full on mania and BP2 characterized by depression and with hypomania w/no psychosis
Term
What are some lab findings of BP 1?
Definition
1. Increased rates of right hemispheric lesions or bilateral subcortical or periventricular lesions
2. hyperthyroidism may worsen manic symptoms but does not cause symptoms
Term
What is the course and prevalence of BP I?
Definition
1. Onset age 20-both male and female
2.highly recurrent 90%
Term
Bipolar Disorders share many symptoms with which disorders?
Definition
Psychotic-Schizoaffective,Schizophrenia
Term
Which BP has occurrence of one or more Major Depressive Episodes accompanied by at least one Hypomanic Episode?
Definition
BP 2
Term
Which BP is more common in women than men?
Definition
BP 2
Term
60-70% of the Hypomanic Episodes in BP II occur immediately before or after
Definition
Maj Dep Ep
Term
Chronic, fluctuating mood disturbance involving numerous periods of Hypomanic symptoms, and numerous periods of depressive symptoms
Definition
Cyclothymic Disorder
Term
What is BP NOS?
Definition
Very rapid alternation btn manic and depressive symptoms
Term
Short term treatment for BPD?
Definition
rapidly acting Antimanic and sedating doses of benzodiazepine such as: lorazepam, clonazepam,
Term
Only psychiatric drug with risk of suicides in BPD
Definition
Lithium salts. 80%
Term
What is long term treatment for BPD?
Definition
1.Lithium
2.Anticonvulsants
3.Antipsychotics
***Antidepressants may be lethal!
Term
What are some anticonvulsants?
Definition
1. carbamazepine
2. valproic acid
3. oxcarbazepine
4. lamotigine
Term
What are antipsychotics?
Definition
1.chloropromazine
2. olanzapine
3. quetiapine
4. risperidone
Term
What are some not pharmacological treatments for BPD?
Definition
Biological rhythms and hygiene measures and Psychotherapy
Term
what are the genetic factors for Schizophrenia?
Definition
mutations of DNA and RNA
Term
What are the non genetic factors for Schizophrenia?
Definition
vary from insults during early brain dev as well as social stressors
Term
If there is a history of Autistic Disorder or another pervasive developmental Disorder how do you diagnose Schizophrenia?
Definition
Made only if prominent delusions or hallucinations are present for at least one month
Term
How many symptoms do you need to be diagnosed with Schizophrenia?
Definition
2 or more for at least one month
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3.Disorganized speech-derailment or incoherance
4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
5. negative symptoms-affective flattening
Term
What is affective flattening and where do you see it?
Definition
Schizophrenia. general category which includes diminishment of, or absence of, emotional expressiveness.
Term
How long must the signs persist for Schizophrenia?
Definition
6 months
Term
What is inappropriate affect and where do you see this?
Definition
Schizophrenia. absence of appropriate stimulus/facial expression
Term
Depersonalization, derealization and somatic concerns
Definition
Schizophrenia
Term
Lab findings for Schizophrenia
Definition
1.Enlarged lat ventricles and decreased brain tissue
2. Decreased temporal lobe and abnormalities
3.Decreased thalamic volume
4. Increased basal ganglia
5. Neuropsychological deficits
6. Neuropsycological abnormalities
7. Water intoxication
Term
Which lab finding of Schizophrenia is debated as to possible cause of medication?
Definition
Increased basal ganglia size
Term
Presence of neurological "soft signs" such as left/right confusion, poor coordination, mirroring
Definition
Schizophrenia
Term
Highly arched palate, narrow or wide-set eyes or subtle malformations of ears
Definition
Schizophrenia
Term
What is the course and prevalence of Schizophrenia?
Definition
men-18-25
women 25-mid 30s
Term
Characterized by presence of prominent delusions or auditory hallucinations
Definition
Paranoid Schizophrenia
Term
Characterized by disorganized speech, behavior and flat or inappropriate affect-silliness or laughter unrelated to content of speech
Definition
Disorganized Schizophrenia
Term
characterized by marked psychomotor disturbance that may involve motoric immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarites of voluntary movement, echolalia, echopraxia
Definition
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Term
characterized by marked psychomotor disturbance that may involve motoric immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarites of voluntary movement, echolalia, echopraxia
Definition
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Term
characterized by marked psychomotor disturbance that may involve motoric immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarites of voluntary movement, echolalia, echopraxia
Definition
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Term
characterized by marked psychomotor disturbance that may involve motoric immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarites of voluntary movement, echolalia, echopraxia
Definition
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Term
characterized by marked psychomotor disturbance that may involve motoric immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarites of voluntary movement, echolalia, echopraxia
Definition
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Term
characterized by marked psychomotor disturbance that may involve motoric immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarites of voluntary movement, echolalia, echopraxia
Definition
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Term
characterized by marked psychomotor disturbance that may involve motoric immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarites of voluntary movement, echolalia, echopraxia
Definition
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Term
What is Residual Type Schizophrenia?
Definition
When one has had at least one ep of Schizophrenia but current clinical pic is without psychotic symptoms-hallucinations, delusions, disorganization of speech
Term
How do you treat Schizophrenia
Definition
1. Antipsychotics
2. Psychotropic medication
Term
What are some lab findings of Anorexia Nervosa?
Definition
dehydration, hypercholeterolemia,decreased T3,T4, Hypo-zinc,Mg,P Hyper-amylase
Term
Hypertropy of salivary glands esp parotid
Definition
Eating Disorders
Term
Hypoalkemia, Hyponatremia, hypochoremia
Definition
Bulimia
Term
Metabolic Acidosis
Definition
Bulimia
Term
esophageal tear, gastric rupture, cardiac arrhytmias
Definition
Bulimia
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