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Abnormal Psychology
Exam 1
55
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
02/07/2012
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Term
Munchhausen Syndrome
 Definition
Malingering, faking an illness
Term
Common factors in these somatoform disorders
 Definition
o Constant help seeking
o Iatrogenic complications
o A method of handling stress
o Avoidance of unpleasant activities- primary gain
o Support from others- secondary gain
o Alexithymia- inability to express distress verbally but expresses it physically
Term
Somatoform Disorder
 Definition
o Physical symptoms that suggest a general medical condition that are not explained by their condition
Term
Polysymptomatic Somatoform Disorders
 Definition
Can exist in many parts of the body, extends over a period of years
Term
Undifferentiated Somatoform Disorder
 Definition
Unexplained physical complaints, lasting at least 6 months, below the threshold of somatization disorder
Term
Somatoform Pain Disorder
 Definition
 Pain as the focus of clinical attention. physiological factors are judged to have an important role in onset severity. Exacerbation or maintenance
Term
Somatoform Conversion Disorder
 Definition
 Unexplained symptoms or deficits affecting voluntary motor or sensory function that suggests an neurological or other general medical condition which are judged to be associated with psychological factors
Term
Somatoform Hypochondriasis
 Definition
 Preoccupation with the fear of having or the idea that one has a serious disease based on misinterpretation
Term
Somatoform BDD, Body Dysmorphic Disorder
 Definition
Preoccupation with image or how you feel about your body; an obsession
Term
Somatoform not otherwise specified
 Definition
In a general category;dosent meet all other disorders
Term
Dissociative Amnesia
 Definition
Forgetting who you are, having some kind of trauma that triggers this forgetfulness.
Term
Dissociative Fugue
 Definition
Sudden unexpected travel from home or work accompanied by an inability to recall ones past and confusion about their identity or assumption of a new identity.
Term
Dissociative Identity Disorder
 Definition
Person exhibits a different personality. Often there is a loss of time. For example, one of the 'personalities' speaks another language or has another name.
Term
Dissociative Disorder not otherwise specified
 Definition
General category; does not meet other criterias.
Term
What body system is activated by physiological arousal
 Definition
Autonomic Nervous System
Term
Panic Attack symptoms
 Definition
 Palpitations, pounding of heart
 Sweating
 Trembling or shaking
 Shortness of breath of smothering
 Feeling of choking
 Nausea or abdominal distress
 Feeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded or faint
 Derealization, sense of unreality, out of body experience, not with it
 Fear of losing control
 Fear of dying
 Parenthesis- numbness or tingling
 Chills or hot flashes
Term
Agoraphobia definition, symptoms, and types
 Definition
Severe way of staying away from places. This causes anxiety to situations from which escape may be difficult.

Types:
-Panic Disorders with agoraphobia
-Agoraphobia without any history of Panic Disorder
Term
What is a phobia
 Definition
Fear marked with persistant excessive or unreasonable worry of that fear.

Exposure to stimulus provokes anxiety response

person recognizes fear is unreasonable
Term
Exposure therapy
 Definition
Involves cognative reconstructing, self efficacy, modeling, and desensitization
Term
EBT, Evidence Based Treatment
 Definition
Treatments taken into the lab and it has been demonstrated that these techniques do work.
Term
Social Phobia (social anxiety disorder)
 Definition
o Marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others- fear of humiliation or embarrassment.
o Exposure to feared social situation provokes anxiety
o Person recognized that the fear is unreasonable
o Feared social or performance situation s are avoided or endured with distress
o The avoidance, anxious anticipation of distress interferes significantly with the persons normal routine occupation functioning, or social activities or relationships or marked distress about the phobia
Term
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
 Definition
o Excessive anxiety or worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months about a number of activities and events
o The person finds it difficult to conquer the worry
o The anxiety and worry are associated with three or more of the following:
 Restlessness
 Being fatigued
 Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
 Irritability
 Muscle tension
 Sleep disturbance
o The focus of the anxiety and worry is not confined to another anxiety disorder
o The anxiety pr physical symptoms cause distress or impairment
Term
Substance Induced Anxiety Disorder
 Definition
Can be caused by caffeine or other drugs such as cocaine.
Term
OCD, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
 Definition
o Obsessive recurrent thoughts.
o The thought of impulses or images are not simply excessive worries about real life problems.
o Person attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts impulses or images or to neutralize them with some other thought o action
o The person recognizes that the obsessional thoughts, impulses, or images are the product of his or her own mind and not imposed from (not thought insertion)
Term
compulsions
 Definition
Repetitive behaviors such as checking, touching, washing, and other OCD tendencies
Term
Hoarding Disorder
 Definition
Saving mass amounts of anything possible
Term
PTSD; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms
 Definition
 The person experienced, witnessed, or was confronted with an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or serious injury.
 The persons response involved intense fear, helplessness or horror
 Intense distress “war disease”
 Acting or feeling as if the traumatic event were recurring
 PTSD can go away if treated.
 Often take efforts to avoid experiences
 Traumatic amnesia- Inability to recall an important aspect of the trauma
 Feeling of depression and detachment
 Sleep disruption
 Difficult concentrating
 Hyper vigilance, exaggerated startle response
Term
PTSD types
 Definition
Acute- lasting less than 3 months

Chronic- onset at least 6 mths after trauma

Delayed Onset- onset at least 6 months after trauma
Term
Risk Factors for getting PTSD
 Definition
 Prior exposure to severe life events
 Prior victimization
 Significant losses
 Close proximity to the event
 Anxiety or depression
 Chronic medical condition
 Substance involvement
 History of trouble with authority
 Mental illness
 Lack of familial support
 Having no opportunity to vent
 Physically injured by the event
Term
Clinical incident Stress Debriefing to prevent PTSD
 Definition
 Safe confidential place to express feelings
 Describe experience
 Teach management techniques
 Set goals for future- short term and long term goals
Term
List 5 methods of measuring personality
 Definition
o Initial attitude
 Dimensions and change of the attitude
o Psychical appearance
 Attire, grooming, overall maintenance
o Physical behavior
 Motor control, activity level, etc
o Voice and speech characteristics
 Quality of speech
o Affective reactions
 Quality and amounts of
o Thought processes
 Content of them
o Attention, concentratioin, comprehension
 General understanding, attention towards topic
o Mood
 Mood being quality
o Orientation
 Time, place, person
o Memory
 Immediate, recent, remote
o Delusions and hallucinations
 Types of them and frequencies
Term
What are the 2 main problems with interviews
 Definition
Hard to standardize and difficult to establish if each test is valid
Term
4 aspects of measuring personality tests
 Definition
o 1- measured for obtaining standard sample of behavior
o 2-systematic procedure comparing behavior
o 3- standardized
o 4- most tests are self reports, structured or unstructured
Term
3 tests if Anxiety
 Definition
o Test score
o Task performance under threat
o Galvanic skin response
Term
What do MMPI scales do
 Definition
Measure how 'far out' something is.
Term
Jobs in Psych Field:
Psychiatrist
Psychologist
Social Worker
Counselor
 Definition
o Psychiatrists are MDs, require the most training and have the ability to prescribe Rx
o Psychologists are able to do therapy and testing on patients. This also requires a degree
o Social workers must obtain a masters on social work and can do therapy on clients
o Counselors may obtain a Masters Degree
Term
5 aspects of Research Criteria
 Definition
o Psychiatric diagnoses
o Presence in mental institution
o Social maladjustment
o Subjective unhappiness
o Objective tests
Term
Freud's 4 stages of development
 Definition
Oral, Anal, Phallic, and Latency/genital
Term
Freud's 3 structural stages and how they react
 Definition
 ID
• Illogical, pressure/impulse, irrational
 Ego
• Logical, rational, reality
 Super Ego
• Conscience, morality
Term
3 types of dynamic Forces
 Definition
Psychic
Eros; life forces
Thantos; aggressive/ death factor
Term
Repression
Regression
Rationslization
Displacement
 Definition
o Repression
 Ejection of anxiety or evoking ideas from awareness
o Regression
 Return under stress to a form of behavior of an earlier stage of development
o Rationalization
 Justifying or making excuses for ones unacceptable behavior
o Displacement
 Transfer of ideas and impulses from one form to another
Term
Projection
Reaction Formation
Denial
Sublimation
 Definition
o Projection
 Thrusting of your own impulses onto another
o Reaction formation
 Opposes ones genuine impulses in order to keep those impulses repressed
o Denial
 Refusal to race the truth
o Sublimation
 Channeling of impulses into positive constructive efforts
Term
5 Axis
 Definition
o Axis 1
 Clinical disorder
o Axis 2
 Personality, mental retardation
o Axis 3
 General medical conditions
o Axis 4
 Psychosocial/environmental problems
o Axis5
 Global assessment of functioning
Term
Caligula
 Definition
mad Roman emperor, probably had schizophrenia
Term
St. Dympna
 Definition
Patron saint of mentally ill
Term
Phillipe Pinel
 Definition
French physician who released the mentally ill from chains and used kindness rather than torture
Term
Dorthea Dix
 Definition
American reformer in 1800s
Term
Franz Mesmer
 Definition
Animal magnetism or mesmerize, trance therapy
Term
Jean Charcot
 Definition
explored inner thoughts using hypnosis
Term
Sigmond Freud
 Definition
Founded psychoanalysis
Term
Franz joseph Gall
 Definition
Phrenology, psychopathology the result of a misshapen head
Term
Phineas Gage
 Definition
Accident led to the importance of tn intact brain for behavior control
Term
Egas Moniz
 Definition
Developed the frontal lobotomy
Term
Walter Freeman
 Definition
transorbital lobotomies, ice pick surgery
Term
BF Skinner
 Definition
known for operant conditiong
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