Term
| Name the 2 main types of eating disorders |
|
Definition
1. Anorexia nervosa
2. Bulimia nervosa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Deliberate weight loss
Morbid fear of gaining weight and becoming fat
Perception of body weight is distorted |
|
|
Term
| Name the 2 sub types of anorexia nervosa |
|
Definition
1. Restricting type
2. Binge-eating-purging type |
|
|
Term
| Restricting type (anorexia nervosa) |
|
Definition
| Limits the amount of food intake |
|
|
Term
| Binge-eating-purging type (anorexia nervosa) |
|
Definition
An episode of 'losing control' and eating for as long as a couple of hours, and then feel guilt afterwards and force themselves to throw up the food
- Associated with stealing and impulse behaviors
- Social withdrawal
- Suicide attempts |
|
|
Term
| Name some health consequences of anorexia (5) |
|
Definition
- Decrease in blood pressure
- Decrease in bone mass
- Hair loss
- Laguna hair - yellowish fine hair all over body
- Decrease in brain size |
|
|
Term
| Comorbidity of anorexia nervosa (6) |
|
Definition
- Depression
- OCD
- Phobias
- Panic disorder
- Alcoholism
- Personality disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Consists of bingeing (eating large amounts of food, usually lasting around 2 hours) and then using self induced vomiting, laxatives, and exercise to get rid of the body weight
- Must have a binge at least twice a week for an average of 3 months |
|
|
Term
| Name the 2 subtypes of bulimia nervosa |
|
Definition
1. Purging - someone who induces vomiting and uses laxatives
2. Non-purging - Someone who uses exercise or fasting after bingeing |
|
|
Term
| Physical and medical consequences of bulimia nervosa (5) |
|
Definition
- Salivary gland enlargement
- Eroded dental enamel
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Calluses on fingers and hands
- Intestinal problems |
|
|
Term
| Define: Binge Eating Disorder |
|
Definition
Recurrent binge eating; large amounts of food with loss of control, with no compensatory behaviors relating to weight loss, such as purging, exercise, or laxatives
- Binges must occur two times a week for 6 months |
|
|
Term
| Risk factors of Binge Eating Disorder (5) |
|
Definition
- Childhood obesity
- Low self-esteem
- Depression
- Physical or sexual abuse
- Critical comments regarding weight |
|
|
Term
| Causes of eating disorders (6) |
|
Definition
- Social and cultural factors
- Media
- Family influences
- Biological Influences, including genetics and low serotonin levels in patients with bulimia
- Psychological Influences; perfectionism, low self esteem, anxiety, elevated negative emotions
- Dieting; trend which is increasing significantly |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Bulimia Nervosa (2) |
|
Definition
Biological
1. Antidepressants (usually works with bulimia in the beginning, but relapse is common; does not work with anorexia)
2. Cognitive
- Behavior therapy; seems to be successful |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa (goals (2), barriers (5), family therapy (4)) |
|
Definition
Goals
- Restore normal weight
- Keep weight on
Barriers
- Low incidence
- Lack of consensus on best treatment
- Variability in age of onset
- High cost
- Complex interaction of medical/psychological
Behavioral family systems therapy for anorexia
- Assessment; need for hospitalization
- Control Rationale; parents are responsible for child's heating habits
- Weight Gain; parent continues control of eating
- Weight Maintenance; control of eating is shifted to adolescent |
|
|
Term
| Percentage of people with eating disorders who are not in treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name some psychological problems associated with mood disorders (4) |
|
Definition
- Panic attacks
- Substance abuse
- Sexual dysfunction
- Personality disorders |
|
|
Term
| Depression (including age of onset) |
|
Definition
Emotional state marked by great sadness and feelings of worthlessness and guilt
Age of onset: mid to late 20s |
|
|
Term
| Mania (including age of onset) |
|
Definition
Emotional state of intense elation accompanied by irritability, hyperactivity, talkativeness, flight of ideas
- Age of onset: mid to late 20s |
|
|
Term
| Types of Depressive Disorders (3) |
|
Definition
- Major depression
- Dysthymic Disorder
- Double Depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A depressed mood or anhedonia, as well as atleast 4 of the symptoms below
- Difficulty concentrating and/or difficulty making decisions
- Difficulty sleeping
- Increased or decreased weight/appetite
- Psychomotor agitation or retardation
- Decreased energy
- Worthlessness and/or guilt
- Suicide ideation |
|
|
Term
| Define: Dysthymic Disorder |
|
Definition
| Similar to depression, consists of a depressed mood for 2+ years; cannot be symptom free for more than 2 months |
|
|
Term
| Define: Double Depression |
|
Definition
| Suffer from both major depression as well as dysthymia |
|
|
Term
Define: Bipolar disorders
What are the three? |
|
Definition
Involves episodes of mania or mixed episodes that include symptoms of both mania and depression
- Elevated mood
- Grandiosity
- Increased Activity
- Rapid Speech
- Less Need for Sleep
- Flight of Ideas
3 types
1. Bipolar I
2. Bipolar II
3. Cyclothymic Disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Major depressive episodes
- Full manic episodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Major depressive episodes
- Hypomanic episodes |
|
|
Term
| Define: Cyclothymic Disorder |
|
Definition
| A chronic bipolar disorder consisting of short periods of mild depression and short periods of hypomania (lasting a few days to a few weeks) separated by short periods of normal mood |
|
|
Term
| Biological Dimensions of Mood Disorders (4) |
|
Definition
1. Genetics
- Family studies
- Twin studies
2. Sleep
- REM sleep
- Deep sleep
3. Neurotransmitters
- Serotonin
- Norepinephrine
4. Endocrine Function
- Elevated Cortisol |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Psychoanalytic Theory of Depression |
|
Definition
| According to Freud, depression is created in early childhood. During the oral period, child's needs are insufficiently or over-sufficiently gratified, causing fixations in this stage |
|
|
Term
| Describe: Beck's Theory of Depression |
|
Definition
Negative triad: negative views on the self, the world, and the future
Principal cognitive biases
- Arbitrary interference
- Selective abstraction
- Overgeneralization
- Magnification and Minimization |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Psychological Theories of Mood Disorders (3) |
|
Definition
1. Stressful life events
2. Learned helplessness
3. Attributional style
- Internal
- Stable
- Global |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Interpersonal Theory of Depression |
|
Definition
Sparse social networks that provide little support
- Depressed people also elicit negative reactions from others and are low in social skills
- They also constantly seek the reassurance of others |
|
|
Term
| Define: Schizophrenia (and comorbidity) |
|
Definition
Psychotic disorder characterized by major disturbances in thought, emotion, and behavior
- Substance abuse
- Depression
- Anxiety disorders |
|
|
Term
| Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia (3) |
|
Definition
1. Delusions
2. Visual Hallucinations
3. Auditory Hallucinations |
|
|
Term
| Disorganized symptoms of Schizophrenia (3) |
|
Definition
1. Disorganized speech
2. Inappropriate affect
3. Disorganized Behavior |
|
|
Term
| Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia (5) |
|
Definition
1. Avolition
2. Alogia
3. Anhedonia
4. Flat Affect
5. Asociality |
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia: Disturbances in Thought Form (3) |
|
Definition
1. Loose associations/tangentiality
2. Creating new words
3. Preservation |
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia: Disturbances in Thought Content (4) |
|
Definition
1. Thought Broadcasting
2. Thought Insertion
3. Though Withdrawal
4. Delusions of being controlled |
|
|
Term
| Diagnosis of Schizophrenia: 2 or more of (5) for 1 month |
|
Definition
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized Speech
4. Grossly Disorganized or Catatonic
5. Negative Symptoms |
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia Subtypes (5) |
|
Definition
1. Disorganized
2. Catatonic
3. Paranoid
4. Undifferentiated
5. Residual |
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia: Disorganized Subtype sections (4) |
|
Definition
1. Disorganized Speech
2. Disorganized Behavior
3. Flat or Inappropriate Affect
4. Hallucinations and Delusions |
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia: Catatonic subtype section (4) |
|
Definition
1. Motoric Immobility
2. Excessive purposeless motor activity
3. Negativism
4. Echolalia or Echopraxia |
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia: Paranoid subtype section (2) |
|
Definition
1. Delusions and Hallucinations
- Ideas of Reference
2. Intact Cognition and Affect, no disorganized speech |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Schizophrenia (5) |
|
Definition
1. Genetics
2. Neurobiological Influences
- Excess dopamine to reduce this sometimes works
3. Brain Structure
4. Social Class
- Higher rates among lower class
5. Family Communications
- Environment with criticism, hostility, and emotional over-involvement |
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia: Treatment (6) |
|
Definition
1. Insulin Coma Therapy
2. Psychosurgery
3. Electroconvulsive Therapy
4. Biological Interventions
5. Neuroleptics
6. Psychological Interventions
- Social Skills Training
- Family Therapy |
|
|
Term
| Alcohol Abuse: must obtain at least one of the following (3) |
|
Definition
1. Failure to fulfill role obligations
2. Recurrent use in dangerous situations
3. Alcohol related legal problems
4. Continued alcohol use despite social or interpersonal problems |
|
|
Term
| Alcohol Dependance: must obtain at least (3) of the following |
|
Definition
1. Tolerance
2. Withdrawal
3. Use of larger amounts/longer periods than intended
4. Desire/unsuccessful efforts to quit
5. A lot of time spent on activities related to alcohol
6. Reduced social or work activities
7. Continued use despite physical or psychological problems |
|
|
Term
| Alcohol Withdrawal symptoms (7) |
|
Definition
1. Sweating or increased heard rate
2. Hand tremors
3. Insomnia
4. Nausea or vomiting
5. Hallucinations
6. Agitation (unable to sit still)
7. Anxiety |
|
|
Term
| Short term effects of alcohol (2) |
|
Definition
1. Initially stimulating
2. Depressant |
|
|
Term
| Alcohol: Effects on neurotransmitter system (3) |
|
Definition
1. Stimulates GABA receptors, reducing tension
2. Increases level of serotonin and dopamine, causing pleasurable effects
3. Inhibits glutamate receptors, causing slurred speech and memory loss |
|
|
Term
| Long term Psychical Effects of Alcohol (4) |
|
Definition
1. Liver Disease
- Hepatitis
- Cirrhosis
2. Cardiovascular Disorders
3. Brain Damage
4. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Alcohol-Related Disorders (7) |
|
Definition
Biological
1. Genetic Influence
Reinforcement
2. Positive Reinforcement
3. Negative Reinforcement
Cognitive Factors
4. Expectancy Effect
Personality Characteristics
5. Desire for arousal
Sociocultural Factors
6. Family variables
7. Media |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of Alcohol-Related Disorders (5) |
|
Definition
1. First steps: admitting there is a problem, detoxification
2. Biological treatments: Antabuse, withdrawal
3. Twelve step programs (AA)
4. Relapse Prevention; harm reduction
5. Structural Relapse Prevention
- Cognitive Behavioral Approach
- Short treatment |
|
|
Term
| Structured Relapse Prevention (steps) (problems) |
|
Definition
Early Sessions
- Start by identifying high risk situations
- Proceed into self monitoring
- Identify early coping strategies
- Evaluate pros and cons of change
Middle Sessions
- Look at relationship between triggers, behaviors, and consequences
- Develop cognitive, behavioral and affective coping strategies
- Rationalize alcohol use
Final Sessions
- Identify early warning signs for relapse
- Determine thoughts and behaviors that could lead to relapse
- Review past relapses
- Anticipate high risk situations
Problems
- One approach does not work for everyone
- Compliance |
|
|
Term
| Results of Cigarette Smoking |
|
Definition
| Stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain |
|
|
Term
| Medical problems associated with cigarette smoking (4) |
|
Definition
1. Lung cancer
2. Emphysema
3. Cancer of larynx and esophagus
4. Cardiovascular diseases |
|
|
Term
| What does second hand smoke contain? |
|
Definition
| - Higher concentrations of ammonia, carbon monoxide, nicotine, and tar than does the smoke inhaled by the smoker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slow activities of body and reduce responsiveness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sedatives that relieve pain and induce sleep |
|
|
Term
| Psychological Effects of Opium |
|
Definition
| - Euphoria, drowsiness, daydream, and lack of coordination |
|
|
Term
| Effects produced by stimulating neural receptors of the body's own opioid system |
|
Definition
- Heroin (example) converted into morphine in brain and then binds to opioid receptors
- Body produces opioids (endorphins and enkephalins)
- Opium and derivatives fit into receptors and stimulate them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- (example: cocaine)
- Act on brain and sympathetic nervous system to increase alertness and motor activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Originally used to control mild depression and appetite
- Today used to treat hyperactive children
- Examples: Benzedrine, Dexedrine, and Methedrine
-- Produce effects by the release of norepinephrine and dopamine and blocking the re-uptake of these neurotransmitters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pleasure induced by cocaine related to blocked dopamine re-uptake |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
d-lysergic acid diethylamide
- a hallucinogen
- Main effect of drug is hallucinations
- Other effects include flashbacks |
|
|
Term
| Process of becoming a drug abuser (5 steps) |
|
Definition
- Positive attitude
- Experimentation
- Regular use
- Heavy use
- Physical dependance or abuse |
|
|
Term
| Conditioning theory of tolerance (drug abuse) |
|
Definition
Underscores need to jointly consider biological processes and environmental stimuli
- Based on notion that tolerance is a learned response |
|
|
Term
| Therapy for use of Illicit drugs |
|
Definition
| Detoxification - central to treatment of people who use addicting drugs |
|
|
Term
| Prevention treatment for drug abuse (6) |
|
Definition
- Peer pressure resistance
- Correction of normative expectations
- Inoculation against mass-media messages
- Information about parental and other adult influences
- Peer leadership
- Affective education, self-image enhancement |
|
|
Term
| Nature of personality disorders |
|
Definition
- Heterogeneous group of disorders coded on Axis II of the DSM
- Long standing, pervasive, and inflexible
- Deviate from cultural expectations
- Causes impairment in social and occupational situations
- Can cause emotional distress |
|
|
Term
| Cluster A: Personality Disorders (3) |
|
Definition
"odd" or "eccentric"
- Paranoid
- Schizoid
- Schizotypal |
|
|
Term
Paranoid Personality Disorder
(and co morbidity) |
|
Definition
- Excessively Mistrustful
- Suspicious
- Reluctant to confide in others
- Blame others for misfortunes or negative events
- Extremely jealous of others
Co morbid with:
Borderline and avoidance personalities |
|
|
Term
| Schizoid Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
- Extreme social detachment
- Limited Range of Emotions
- No interest in sexual activity
- Very indifferent to praise and criticism, do not care what others think
- Appear aloof, cold, indifferent |
|
|
Term
| Schizotypal Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
- Social Isolation
- Behavior is more unusual (odd or bizarre)
- Magical thinking
- Illusions
- Odd speech, content is awkward
- Suspicious of other people
- Appearance may be more erratic |
|
|
Term
| Cluster B: Personality Disorders (4) |
|
Definition
"Dramatic, Emotional, Erratic"
- Antisocial
- Borderline
- Histrionic
- Narcissistic |
|
|
Term
| Antisocial Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
- Violating cultural norms, rights of others
- Impulsivity and aggressiveness
- Break laws, are irritable
- Lack of remorse
- Key characteristic - poverty of emotions both positive and negative
- lack of remorse
- no sense of shame
- quite intelligent
- manipulates others for personal gain |
|
|
Term
| Borderline Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
- Shifts in mood
- Anger that is inappropriate, intense, or uncontrollable
- Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
- Chronic feelings of emptiness or boredom
- Unstable, chaotic intense relationships characterized by slitting |
|
|
Term
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (3 stages)
- Is it effective? |
|
Definition
1. Skills group therapy
- mindfulness
- emotional regulation
- interpersonal skills
- distress tolerance
2. Individual Therapy
- Suicidal/Self Harm Behavior
- Treatment Interfering Behavior
3. Pager Service
- 911
Yes, this treatment is effective. Reduces suicidal behavior and hospitalization. |
|
|
Term
| Histrionic Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
- Overly Dramatic
- Center of Attention
- Emphasis on Appearance
- Emotions are shallow and over exaggerated
- Seductive and provocative |
|
|
Term
| Narcissistic Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
- Exaggerated self importance
- Preoccupied with attention
- Requires admiration
- Sense of Entitlement
- Takes advantage of others
- Lacks empathy |
|
|
Term
| Histrionic Personality Disorder: Causes |
|
Definition
Causes
- Co morbid with antisocial PD or BPD, borderline, and depression |
|
|
Term
| Histrionic Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
Treatment
- Modifying Attention Seeking Behavior
- Relationship styles - give and take
- Showing more appropriate behaviors |
|
|
Term
| Borderline Personality Disorder: Causes (cycle) |
|
Definition
Causes (cycle)
- Demands on family
- Failure to meet demands
- Emotional outbursts by child
- Emotional dysregulation in the child |
|
|
Term
| Borderline Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
Treatment
- Medications (antidepressants)
- Dialectical Behavior Therapy |
|
|
Term
| Antisocial Personality Disorder: Causes |
|
Definition
Causes
- Family influence; inconsistent parenting
- Lack of empathy
- Genetic and Developmental influences
- Neurobiological influences
- Underarousal hypothesis: low cortical arousal, increased heart rate, increased sweating does not occur
- Fearlessness hypothesis: fail to show normal fear, fail to avoid punishment |
|
|
Term
| Antisocial Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
Treatment
- Focus on prevention |
|
|
Term
| Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Causes |
|
Definition
Causes
- Related to schizophrenia |
|
|
Term
| Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
Treatment
- Addresses value of social relationships |
|
|
Term
| Schizoid Personality Disorder: Cause |
|
Definition
Cause
- Related to schizophrenia |
|
|
Term
| Schizoid Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
Treatment
- must address social isolation
- teach social skills, how to interact with people and have emotion |
|
|
Term
| Paranoid Personality Disorder: Cause |
|
Definition
Cause
- Related to schizophrenia |
|
|
Term
| Paranoid Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
Treatment
- Need to gain trust in treatment |
|
|
Term
| Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Causes |
|
Definition
| - Lack of early experiences with empathy/altruism in childhood |
|
|
Term
| Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
- Focus on feelings and needs of others
- Focus on ways to relate to others |
|
|
Term
| Cluster C: Personality Disorders (3) |
|
Definition
"Anxious or Fearful"
- Avoidant
- Dependent
- Obsessive-Compulsive |
|
|
Term
| Avoidant Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
- Sensitive to Other's Opinions
- Avoid Social Relationships
- Low Self-Esteem
- Take Few Risks
- Followers Not Leaders
- Socially Inhibited - will keep opinions to themselves
- Fearful of rejection |
|
|
Term
| Avoidant Personality Disorder: Causes |
|
Definition
- Early Temperament
- Limited Social Support
- Social Learning; family environment |
|
|
Term
| Avoidant Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
- Target anxiety; when and why
- Teach social skills
- Treatment similar to social phobia
-- Graded exposure - thinking of social situations and taking part in relaxation techniques
-- Cognitive Restructuring: addressing negative schemas of social situations and replacing them |
|
|
Term
Dependent Personality Disorder
(and co morbidity) |
|
Definition
- Lack of Self-Reliance
- Fear of abandonment
- Lack of self-confidence
- Indecisive
- Submissive/passive, follower not a leader
Co morbid with:
Bipolar, depression, anxiety, and bulimia |
|
|
Term
| Dependent Personality Disorder: Causes |
|
Definition
- Disruption in early attachment
-- Loss of parent, sibling, etc. |
|
|
Term
| Dependent Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
- Focus on independence
- Making decisions for themselves and following through
- Social skills |
|
|
Term
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
(and co morbidity) |
|
Definition
- Fixation on 'doing things right'
- Fixed perception of being perfect
- Preoccupation with control, details and rules, objects and money
- Rigid and stubborn
- Usually very serious, inflexible
- Unable to throw things away
Co morbid with:
Panic disorder |
|
|
Term
| How do OCPD and OCP differ? |
|
Definition
| OCD involves specific patterns that sometimes don't make sense, whereas OCPD is a general lifestyle and is quite debilitating |
|
|
Term
| Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder: Causes |
|
Definition
- Distantly Related to OCD
- Favour a structured life; fears the unstructured |
|
|
Term
| Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
- Tries to address fears
- Relaxation techniques |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sense of ourselves as male or female, personal sense of masculinity or femininity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Physical gender is opposite of gender identity
- transsexualism
- goal is not sexual |
|
|
Term
| Gender Identity Disorder: must possess (4) of the following (6): |
|
Definition
1. Desire to be or insistence that he or she is opposite sex
2. Boys: preference for cross-dressing
Girls: want to wear only 'boys' clothes
3. Preference for playing opposite sex in make believe play
4. Desire to participate in games that are stereotyped as the opposite sex
5. Strong preference to play with children of opposite sex
6. Discomfort with current sex |
|
|
Term
| Gender Identity Disorder: Cause |
|
Definition
- No specific biological link
- Maybe learned in early life (forms between 18 months and 3 years) |
|
|
Term
| Gender Identity Disorder: Treatment |
|
Definition
Two main types
1. Altering body to suit person's psychology
- Sex-reassignment surgery
- Hormone administration
2. Altering psychology to match person's body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group of disorders involving sexual attraction to unusual objects or sexual activities that are unusual in nature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sexual attraction to nonliving objects
- Inanimate objects
- Tactile stimulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"Cross Dresser", sexual arousal by dressing in clothes of the opposite sex
- Most are male heterosexuals
- Most are married |
|
|
Term
| Sexual Sadism and Masochism |
|
Definition
- The "Sadist" - sexual arousal by inflicting pain
- The "Masochist" - suffers and pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pedophilia: sexual attraction to unrelated children
Incest: children related to perpetrator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"The peeping Tom"
- Watching unsuspecting strangers naked or undressing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"The Flasher"
- Recurrent, marked preference for obtaining sexual gratification by exposing one's genitals to an unwilling stranger |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Paraphilic Disorders (3) |
|
Definition
Psychological Contributions
- Early 'unusual' sexual experiences - classical conditioning
- History of sexual/physical abuse
- Poor social skills; inability to develop adequate relationships |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of Paraphilic Disorders (5) |
|
Definition
Psychological Treatments
- Suppression
- Covert Sensitization
- Orgasmic Reconditioning
Drug Treatments
- Anti-Androgen
- Sex Offenders |
|
|
Term
| Nature of Sexual Dysfunctions (3) |
|
Definition
- Lifelong or acquired
- Generalized or situational
- Psychological factors alone or combined factors |
|
|
Term
| Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder |
|
Definition
- No interest in any sex activity
- Common presenting problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Anything sexual evokes fear, disgust, or panic
- 10% of males have panic attacks |
|
|
Term
Male erectile disorder (and)
Female sexual arousal disorder |
|
Definition
- Problem is not desire, but arousal
- Males: "impotence"- maintaining/achieving erection
- Females: "frigidity" - maintaining/achieving lubrication |
|
|
Term
| Female/Male Orgasmic Disorder |
|
Definition
- Inhibited Orgasm
- Adequate arousal and desire by unable to achieve orgasm
- Common in females, rare in males
Only 50% of women experience regular orgasms during intercourse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Ejaculation occurs too quickly
- Perception of lack of control over orgasm is the chief complaint
- Most common sexual dysfunction among men |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Intercourse associated with pain
- Rule of medical causes of pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involuntary spasms in outer 1/3rd of vagina during attempted penetration |
|
|
Term
| Sexual Dysfunctions: Treatments (7) |
|
Definition
Psychosocial Treatments
- Education
- Performance Anxiety
- Communication training
- Premature ejaculation (start stop method)
Medical Treatments
- Medications (viagra)
- Implants
- Vacuum device therapy |
|
|
Term
| How does a therapist differ from a friend? |
|
Definition
Therapist: Advantages
- Expertise
- Communication
- Resources
- Confidentiality
- Objectivity
- Separation from personal life
Friend - Advantages
- Cost
- Less stigma
- Convenience
- Intimate knowledge |
|
|
Term
| Civil Commitment Laws (2) |
|
Definition
- Legal declaration of mental illness
- Hospitalization for treatment |
|
|
Term
| Criteria for civil commitment (2) |
|
Definition
- Person has mental illness
- Is dangerous (to self and others) |
|
|
Term
| Process involved in Criminal Commitment |
|
Definition
- Accused for committing a crime
- Detained in a mental health facility
- Assessed for fitness to stand in trial
- Insanity defense: not guilty by reason of insanity = not criminally responsible in Canada |
|
|
Term
| Canadian Psychological Association Ethics Code (4) |
|
Definition
1. Respect for the dignity of persons
2. Responsible caring
3. Integrity in relationships
4. Responsibility to society |
|
|
Term
| Limits to Confidentiality (4) |
|
Definition
1. Harm to self or other
2. Child abuse
3. Sexual abuse by health care professional
4. Legal proceedings/report is subpoenaed |
|
|
Term
| Informed consent: Clinical Practice (2) |
|
Definition
- Clients entering assessment or treatment must be informed of the procedures
- Competency to consent |
|
|
Term
| Informed Consent: Research participants (2) |
|
Definition
- Must be informed of the procedures in the study
- Consent form
-- Approved by the Research Ethics Board
-- However, having a form signed is not a guarantee |
|
|
