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| the study of people who suffer from psychological disorders |
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| maladaptive (disturbing to the individual)
-disturbing to others
-not shared by many members of population
-irrational; does not make sense to the average person |
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| diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM) |
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| book that psychologists use to determine disorders |
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| suspecting that you suffer from a disease when it is explained to you |
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| type of disorders that consist of abnormal reactions to stress |
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| an intense or unwarranted fear |
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| fear of open, public areas |
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| fear of a situation in which one could embarrass oneself in public |
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| generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) |
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-constant low level of anxiety
-constantly feels nervous |
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| acute episodes of intense anxiety |
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| obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) |
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| persistent unwanted thoughts cause someone to feel the need to engage in a particular action |
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| post-traumatic stress disorder |
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| involves flashbacks or nightmares following an extremely troubling event |
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psychologist view where disorder is caused by unconcious conflicts
-super ego, id, ego
-internal conflict |
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| psychologist view that sees disorders to be caused by classical conditioning, operant conditioning |
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| psychologist view that a disorder is caused by dysfunctional ways of thinking |
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-occurs when a person manifests a psychological problem through a physiological symptom
-experiences a problem in the absence of any physical cause |
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-somatoform disorder where people will report the existence of a severe physical problem (paralysis)
-no biological reason for this problem can be identified |
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| disorder where there is a disruption in concious processes |
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| when a person cannot remember things with no physiological basis for the disruption |
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| experience psychogenic amnesia and find themselves in an unfamiliar enviornment |
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| dissociative identity disorder (DID) |
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-formerly known as multiple personality disorder
-when a person has several personalities rather than one intergraded personality |
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| mood or affective dirsorders |
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| disorder where a person experiences extreme or inappropriate emotions |
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| major depression or unipolar depression |
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Definition
-the most common mood disorder
-must be depressed for 2 weeks straight
-loss of appetite, interest, weight
-fatigue, change in sleeping patterns |
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| seasonal affective disorder (SAD) |
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Definition
-depression that is only experienced during certain times of the year
-usually occurs in the winter due to lack of sunlight |
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-formerly known as maniac depression
-involves depressed and maniac episodes
-feelings of high energy
-poorly thought out behavior that usually leads to negative consequences |
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-cognitive theorist
-believes that depression results from unreasonably negative ideas that people have about themselves, their worlds, and their futures (cognitive triad) |
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-belief that depression results from unreasonably negative ideas that people have about themselves, their worlds, and their futures
-aaron beck |
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| created the idea of learned helplessness |
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-martin seligman
-when prior experiences have caused that person to view them self as unable to control aspects of the future that are controllable |
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| disorder that involves disordered or distorted thinking, delusions and hallucinations |
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| the belief that people are out to get you |
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-the belief that you enjoy greater power and influence than you do
-you are the president of the united states
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| beliefs that have no basis in reality |
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| perceptions in the absence of any sensory stimulation |
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| disorganized schizophrenia |
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-type of schiz. that involves odd uses of language like neologisms and clang associations
-inappropriate effect
-flat effect |
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-laughing in response to hearing someone has died
-associated with disorganized schiz. |
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-showing no emotional response at all
-associated with disorganized schiz. |
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| disorder where a person has delusions of prosecution |
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-disorder where people engage in odd movement
-may remain motionless in strange postures for hours at a time
-move jerkily and quickly for no reason |
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| undifferentiated schizophrenia |
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| disorder where a person exhibits disordered thinking but no symptoms of one of the other types of schiz. |
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| refers to excess in behavior, thought, or mood such as neologisms and hallucinations |
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| deficits in behavior, thought or mood like flat affect and catatonia |
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| hypothesis that states that high levels of this might be the cause of schiz. |
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-when a person gives contradictory messages
-possible cause of schiz. |
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| states that environmental stressors can provide the circumstances under which a biological predisposition for illness can express itself |
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| well-established maladaptive ways of behaving that negatively affect people's ability to function |
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| antisocial personality disorder |
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Definition
-type of disorder when people have little regard for other people's feelings
-look out for themselves |
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| dependent personality disorder |
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| disorder where people rely too much on the attention and help of others |
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| narcissistic personality disorder |
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| involves seeing oneself as the center of the universe |
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| histrionic personality disorder |
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| disorder that involves overly dramatic behavior |
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| disorder that is marked by the sexual attraction to an object or activity not usually seen as sexual |
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| attraction towards children |
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| attraction towards animals |
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| attraction towards objects such as shoes |
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| eating largo quantities of food and binge purging afterwards |
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| when the use of a substance regularly negatively affects a person's life |
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| disorder that involves less social and emotional contact, slow language skills, and less likely to seek parental help when distressed |
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| attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
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| disorder where someone has difficulty paying attention |
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| psychologist that did the experiment with 8 people who went into a mental institution and were admitted as schizophrenics |
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