Term
| What type of course is a dysthymic disorder over the course of someone's lifespan? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Dysthymic Disorder. |
|
Definition
| unipolar, symptoms for 2 years, no mood episodes for first 2 years. |
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Term
| what are symptoms for dysthymic disorder? |
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Definition
| depressed mood, 2+ depression symptoms (i.e. appetite change, sleep change, concentration or decision-making problems), no more than 2 months at a time without symptoms. |
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Term
| what is the disorder in which individuals cycle between dysthymia and hypomania? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many Manic Episodes are required for a diagnosis of Bipolar II Disorder? |
|
Definition
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Term
| How many Manic Episodes are required for a diagnosis of Bipolar I disorder? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| how many manic episodes are required for a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder? |
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Definition
| at least one, and you CAN'T have the presence of other types of episodes. |
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Term
| what are the criterion for a manic episode? |
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Definition
| feelings of a constant high, symptoms for at least 1 week (at least 4 symptoms required), inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, increase in goal-directed activity, impulsivity. |
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|
Term
| what is criteria for major depressive EPISODES? |
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Definition
| need at least one of these two symptoms: anhedonia (lack of interest, lack of pleasure), or depressed mood. |
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|
Term
| what is cyclothymic disorder? |
|
Definition
| disorder in which individuals cycle between dysthymia AND hypomania. |
|
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Term
| what is unique about hypomania compared to other mood episodes? |
|
Definition
| it does not require significant distress or impairment. |
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Term
| what is a symptom of depression characterized by slowed movements? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a symptom of depression characterized by fidgetiness or agitation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the gender ratio of unipolar (depressive) mood disorders? |
|
Definition
| more common in females than males. |
|
|
Term
| what is the gender ratio of bipolar mood disorders? |
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Definition
| equally common across gender. |
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|
Term
| how do hypomanic episodes differ from full manic episodes? |
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Definition
| the duration is shorter and the symptoms are less severe. |
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Term
| SSRI's are the primary drugs prescribed for what disorder? |
|
Definition
| major depressive disorder. |
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|
Term
| when would we prescribe Lithim? |
|
Definition
| for Bipolar Disorder treatment. |
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|
Term
| what is a drawback of ECT? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| a positive stressor is strongly associated with what type of episode? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| a negative stressor is more strongly associated with what kind of episode? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bipolar I has alternations between what episodes? |
|
Definition
| manic episodes and major depressive episodes. |
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|
Term
| if a person has bipolar, their relatives: |
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Definition
| will be diagnosed with either unipolar (depressive) mood disorder or bipolar disorder. |
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|
Term
| if a person has a unipolar mood disorder, their relatives: |
|
Definition
| are likely to have a unipolar mood disorder, NOT bipolar. |
|
|
Term
| what treatment is best for mood disorders? |
|
Definition
| psychotherapy in combination with medication. |
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|
Term
| what treatment is best for anorexia nervosa? |
|
Definition
| treatment is often ineffective over long term. |
|
|
Term
| what treatment is best for bulima? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inappropriately compensating for eating. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| eating excessive amounts of food and a perceived lack of control while doing so. |
|
|
Term
| what are all the effective treatments for bulimia? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what criterion for anorexia nervosa was taken out of the DSM-5 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what two sleeping disorders only occur during REM sleep? |
|
Definition
| nightmare disorder and REM sleep behavior disorder. |
|
|
Term
| what two sleeping disorders occur during non-REM sleep? |
|
Definition
| sleepwalking disorder and sleep terror disorder. |
|
|
Term
| what is good sleep hygiene? |
|
Definition
| bedroom is a place for sleep, and sex. |
|
|
Term
| what is a primary sleep disorder? |
|
Definition
| it is not entirely in the context of another disorder. has to exist outside of a disorder. |
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|
Term
| how can you diagnose a primary sleep disorder? |
|
Definition
| using a polysomnograph (PSG). |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| someone who experiences sudden REM sleep brought on by strong emotion. |
|
|
Term
| what is a side effect from the use of sedative medications? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are contributing factors to insomnia? |
|
Definition
unrealistic expectations about sleep (i.e, i wont get enough sleep tonight and i wont get anything done tomorrow because of it).
poor habits around bedtime, biological vulnerability. |
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|
Term
| individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for substance DEPENDENCE will experience what over time in relation to their symptoms? |
|
Definition
| progress in their dependence. (80%). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| feeling physical side effects after discontinued use of a substance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| needing more of the substance in order to get same effect. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological and physiological. |
|
|
Term
| what is reverse tolerance? |
|
Definition
| you need less of the substance to feel effect. |
|
|
Term
| who is more likely to report binge drinking? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a negative potential consequence of alcohol dependence? |
|
Definition
| associated with brain conditions, i.e. dementia. |
|
|
Term
| what are the effects of opioids? |
|
Definition
| induce euphoria, drowsiness, and slowed breathing. |
|
|
Term
| what are the effects of stimulants? |
|
Definition
| increase mood/activity/ central nervous system |
|
|
Term
| what are the effects of depressants? |
|
Definition
| decrease activity in brain. |
|
|
Term
| what are the effects of hallucinogens? |
|
Definition
| create odd sensory experience. |
|
|
Term
| what are the two diagnostic criteria for substance dependence? |
|
Definition
| physiological dependence and psychological dependence. |
|
|
Term
| what is motivational interviewing? |
|
Definition
| a psychological intervention for substance use that aims to resolve ambivalence and increase desire for change. |
|
|
Term
| is treatment of substance-related disorders effective? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what effects do pharmacological treatments for substance use disorders have? |
|
Definition
| antagonistic, agonist, and aversive. |
|
|
Term
| what is an antagonistic effect? |
|
Definition
| prevents how the substance acts on the body |
|
|
Term
| what is an agonist effect? |
|
Definition
| replaces the substance with lower levels of the drug. |
|
|
Term
| what is an aversive effect? |
|
Definition
| having aversive consequence if the drug is used (like it hurts you). |
|
|
Term
| what diagnoses an impulse-control disorder? |
|
Definition
| increased tension/anxiety before an impulsive act, and decreased tension following impulsive act (i.e., relief.) |
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|
Term
| mixed mood episodes include features of what disorders? |
|
Definition
| bipolar disorders and depressive disorders |
|
|
Term
| meeting criteria for what is not enough information to arrive at a mood disorder diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when are individuals not able to recall their nightmares? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when do individuals have memory of the nightmare/episode? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what two disorders have high lifetime comorbidity rates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does sleep walking disorder occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does nightmare disorder occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spending a great deal of time obtaining a substance and continued use despite knowledge of aversive consequences are indicative of what type of dependence? |
|
Definition
| psychological dependence. |
|
|
Term
| what is community reinforcement? |
|
Definition
| bringing in someone close to the person struggling with dependence and having that person with reinforcing what we want them to be doing (staying clean, reducing substance use), acting like a coach. |
|
|
Term
| among psychological treatments for substance abuse, what changes the reward response? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| among psychological treatments for substance abuse, what changes the social environment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is trichotillomania? |
|
Definition
| hair pulling that reduces anxiety. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a program helpful for alcohol abusers? |
|
Definition
| based on a moderation drinking approach to the treatment of substance problems. |
|
|
Term
| what type of approach do 12 step programs have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of model are 12 step programs based on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are two strategies used in CBT for major depression? |
|
Definition
| activity scheduling and addressing cognitive distortions (errors in thinking.) |
|
|
Term
| what is a recurrent major depressive disorder? |
|
Definition
| having subsequent major depressive episodes following an initial MDE. |
|
|
Term
| what is a single episode? |
|
Definition
| prior to the Recurrent MDD, (if there is only one episode of MDE) |
|
|
Term
| when is the onset of bipolar disorder most likely? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is the onset of depression most common? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what disorder requires there be no more than 2 months at a time without symptoms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| alcohol is what type of substance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the most prevalent mood/anxiety disorder in the U.S.? |
|
Definition
| MDD (major depressive disorder) |
|
|
Term
| methamphetamines are what type of substance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pain killers are what type of substance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LSD or acid are what type of substance? |
|
Definition
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