Term
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Definition
| a lack of regard for society's moral or legal standards |
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Term
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Definition
| an enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and others, a pattern that is ingrained in the matrix of the individual's psychological makeup |
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Term
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Definition
| a long lasting maladaptive pattern of inner experience and behavior, dating back to adolescence or young adulthood, that is manifested in at least two of the following areas: 1. cognition 2. affectivity 3. interpersonal functioning 4. impulse control |
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Term
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Definition
| a personality type characterized bu a cluster of traits that constituates the core of what is now called antisocial personality disorder |
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Term
| adult antisocial behavior |
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Definition
| illegal or immoral behavior such as stealing, lying and cheating |
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Term
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Definition
| a reduction of the traits of acting out, impulsivity, and extreme behaviors |
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Term
| borderline personality disorder |
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Definition
| a pervasive pattern of instability, most evident in relationships, mood and sense of identity |
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Term
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Definition
| intense, demanding relationships with others and perceiving other people as being all good or all bad |
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Term
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Definition
| concept of who one thinks they are |
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Term
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Definition
| an action committed by a person who is not intent on killing themseves, and their behavior is considered a gesture to get attention from family, a lover or professionals |
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Term
| histronic personality disorder |
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Definition
| people who display theatrical qualities in their everyday behavior |
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Term
| narcissistic personality disorder |
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Definition
| people that have an unrealistic, inflated sense of their own importance (grandiosity) |
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Term
| paranoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| a person whois extremely suspicious of others and are always on guard against potential danger or harms |
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Term
| schizoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| an indifference to social and sexual relationships as well as a very limited range of emotional experience and expression |
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Term
| schizotypal personality disorder |
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Definition
| a d/o characterized by people with peculiar, eccentric and oddly bizarre ways of thinking, behaving and relating to others. |
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Term
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Definition
| people with schizotypal personality disorder are vulnerable to developing a full blow psychosis if exposed to difficult life circumstances that challenge their ability to maintain contact with reality |
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Term
| avoidant personality disorder |
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Definition
| people this d/o that refrain almost entirely from social encounters, especially avoiding any situation with the potential for personal harm or embarrassment, and they steer clear of an activity that is not part of their usual, everyday routine |
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Term
| dependent personality disorder |
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Definition
| one who is strongly drawn to others, lacks autonomy |
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Term
| obsessive compulsive personality disorder |
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Definition
| people with this d/o feel immobilized by their inability to make a decision |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition present from childhood characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning (an IQ of 70 or below) |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of mental retardation caused by an extra twenty-first chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| a set of physical and mental birth defects that results from a mother's alcohol consumption during pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which the child fails to grow physically and cognitively at a normal rate |
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Term
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Definition
| the process in which people with cognitive and physical disabilities are integrated with nondisabled individuals (ordinary schools) |
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Term
| pervasive developmental disorders |
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Definition
| severe impairment in several areas of development or the presence of extremely odd behavior, interests, and activities |
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Term
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Definition
| characerized by a massive impairment in an individual's ability to communicate and relate emotionally to others. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs only in females; the child develops normally through the first 5 months of life, but at the age between 5 months and 4 years, some changes indivatice of neurological and cognitive impairments occur. Growth of child's head slows, loss of hand skills, odd hand movements, psychomotor retardation, etc. |
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Term
| childhood disintegrative disorder |
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Definition
| a child with this d/o develops normally for the first two years, but before the age of 10 starts to lose language and motor skills as well as other adaptive functions, including bowel and baldder control |
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Term
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Definition
| a d/o where the child maintains adequate cognitive and language development, but becomes severely impaired in social interaction. They also develop restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests and activities |
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Term
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Definition
| the repetition of words or phrases that they hear |
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Term
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Definition
| a delay or deficit in an academic skill that is evident when an individual's achievement on standardized tests is substantially below what would be expected for others of comparable age, education and level of intelligence |
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Term
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Definition
| difficulty with mathematical tasks and concepts. Impairment may beevident in linguistic skills, perceptual skills, attention skills ad mathematical skills |
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Term
| disorder of written expression |
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Definition
| an individual's writing is characterized by poor spelling, grammatical or punctuation errors, and disorganization of paragraphs |
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Term
| Reading Disorder/dyslexia |
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Definition
| learning disorder in which the person omits, distorts, or substitutes words when reading and reads in a slow, halting fashion |
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Term
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Definition
| conditions characterized by impairment in the expression or understanding of language |
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Term
| Expressive Language Disorder |
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Definition
| a developmental disorder characterized by obvious problems of verbal expression. Children with this disorder do not have the ability to express themselves in ways appropriate to their age group |
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Term
| mixed receptive-expressive language disorder |
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Definition
| a child with this has difficulty in both expressing and understanding ertain kinds of words or phrases, such as directions or, in more severe cases, basic vocab or entire sentences |
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Term
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Definition
| a person who substitutes, omits or incorrectly articulates speech sounds |
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Term
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Definition
| involves a disturbance in the normal fluency and patterning of speech that is characterized by such verbalizations as sound repetitions and prolongations, broken words, the blocking out of sounds, word substitutions to avoid problematic words, and words expressed with an excess of tension |
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Term
| developmental coordination disorder |
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Definition
| characterized by a marked impairment in the development of motor coordination |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder involving inattentiveness and hyperactivity-impulsivity. (Inattentiveness is characterized by such behaviors as carelessness, forgetfulness in daily activities, and other attentional problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition characterized by the repetitive and persistent violation of the rights of other people |
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Term
| Oppositional Defiant Disorder |
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Definition
| children and adolescents with this show a pattern of negative, hostile and defiant behavior that results in significant family or school problems |
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Term
| separation anxiety disorder |
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Definition
| children with this d/o have intense and inappropriate anxiety concerning separation from home or caregivers. |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition commonly associated with mental retardation, eating inedible substances, such as paint, hair, string, animal droppings and paper. |
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Term
| feeding disorder of infancy or early childhood |
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Definition
| the individual persistently fails to eat, leading to a loss of weight and failure to gain weight |
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Term
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Definition
| an eating disorder in which the infant or child regurgitates and rechews food after it has been swallowed |
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Term
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Definition
| a rapid, recurring involuntary movement or vocalization |
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Term
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Definition
| uttering obscenities as a tic |
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Term
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Definition
| a combination tic disorder of chronic movements and vocal tics that is much more commonly reported in makes. Mostly begins with a simple tic, and then grows into more complex behaviors. |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder in which the child who is at least 4 years old repeatedly has bowel movements either in clothes or in another inappropriate place |
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Term
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Definition
| a child with this disorder urinates in clothes or in the bed after the age when they are expected to be continent. At least twice a week for a min of 3 consecutive monts in children who are at least 5 years old |
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Term
| Reactive Attachment Disorder of infancy or childhood |
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Definition
| a severe disturbance in the individual's ability to relate to others. |
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Term
| stereotypic movement disorder |
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Definition
| people with this disorder engage in repetitive seemingly driven behaviors, such as waving, body rocking, head banging, self biting and picking at their bodies |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder in which the individual consciously refuses to talk in certain situations, usually when there is an expectation for interaction, such as at school |
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Term
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Definition
| a chemical that alters a person's mood or behavior when it is smoked, injected, drunk, inhaled, snorted or swallowed in pill form |
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Term
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Definition
| a temporary maladaptive experience of behavioral or psychological changes due to the accumulation of a substance in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| a reaction of physical and psychological changes that occurs when a substance is discontinued |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when an individual requires larger and larger amounts of the substance in order to achieve its desired effects or when the person feels less of its effects after using the same amount of the substance |
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Term
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Definition
| defined as the maladaptive pattern of substance use occurring within a 12 month period that leads to significant impairment or distress evidenced by one or more of the following: 1. failure to meet obligations, 2. use of substances in physically hazardous situations, 3. legal problems or 4. interpersonal problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| a maladaptive pattern of substance use manifested by a cluster of cognitive, behavioral and physiological symptoms during a 12 month period and caused by the continued use of a substance |
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Term
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Definition
| a mixture of alcohol with other drugs, where the effect of two drugs taken together is greater than the effect of either substance alone. |
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Term
| Wernicke's Encephalopathy |
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Definition
| an acute condition involving delirium, eye movement disturbances, difficulties in movement and balance, and deterioration of the peripheral nerves to the hands and feet. Caused indirectly by alcohol, because thiamine (vit B) is deficient |
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Term
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Definition
| a permanent form of dementia in which the individual develops retrograde and anterograde amnesia, leading to an inability to remember recent events or to learn new information. (seen as the chronic form of wernickes) |
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Term
| alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) |
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Definition
| a zinc containing enzyme in the stomach. It breaks down a portion of the alcohol into fatty acids, corbon dioxide and water before it enters the bloodstream. |
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Term
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Definition
| evolved from cognitive-behavioral and social learning perspectives. Says that people with alcohol dependence develop problematic beliefs about alcohol relatively early in life through a combination of reinforcement and observational learning |
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Term
| abstinence violation effect |
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Definition
| a sense of loss of control over one's behavior that has an overwhelming and demoralizing effect |
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Term
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Definition
| a physical condition consisting of autonomic nervous system dysfunction, confusion and possibly seizures |
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Term
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Definition
| a drug, also knowns as Antabuse, which causes the individual to form a negative association to alcohol intake, providing a strong incentive for not drinking |
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Term
| Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) |
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Definition
| an enzyme, along with ADH, that is responsible for metabolizing alcohol. |
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Term
| Relapse prevention therapy |
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Definition
| a psychological treatment based ont he cognitive-behavioral model of relapes in whihc the goal is to identifu and prevent high-risk situations for relapse |
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Term
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Definition
| simulants, or uppers, that cause a range of effects. Cause euphoria, increased confidence, talkativeness and energy |
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Term
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Definition
| a crystalized form of street cocaine that is usually smoked |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that cause abnormal perceptual experience in the form of illusions or hallucinations which are usually visual |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a drug perscribed to heroin-dependent individuals to help them get control over their addiction with a safer and more controlled reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| a drug that has a calming effect on the central nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| weight less than 85 % of that expected for a person of that height and body frame, also has an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat. They must also have a distorted perception of the weight or shape of their body, and postpubescent females with anorexia experience amenorrhea |
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Term
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Definition
| forcing to rid oneself of whatever they have just eaten |
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Term
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Definition
| alternate between extremes of eating large amounts of food in a short time and then compensating for the added calories by vomiting or other extreme actions |
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Term
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Definition
| episodes of extreme overeating |
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Term
| purging type of bulimia nervosa |
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Definition
| those who try to force out of their bodies what they have just eaten |
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Term
| nonpurging type of bulimia nervosa |
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Definition
| those who try to compensate for what they eat by fasting or engaging in excessive exercise |
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Term
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Definition
| an urge to take an action |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder in which the person repeatedly engages in behaviors that are potentially harmful, feeling unable to stop themselves and experiencing a sense of desperation if they are thwarted from carrying out their impulsive behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| an impulsive-control disorder in which a person shoplifts or takes things from other peoples houses |
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Term
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Definition
| people with this have the urge to gamble, which is much stronger than that of the average person, and they often end up spending their lives in pursuit of big wins. |
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Term
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Definition
| an impulse-control disorder where the person with this cannot restrain themselves from acting on strong and compelling urges, in this case the urges involve the intese desire to prepare, set, and watch fires |
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Term
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Definition
| a person who is unable to control their sexual behavior and feel driven to engage in frequent and indiscriminate sexual activity |
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Term
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Definition
| the urge to pull out one's hair |
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Term
| intermittent explosive disorder |
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Definition
| a disorder in which the person feels a recurrent inability to resist assaultive or destrictive acts of aggression |
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Term
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Definition
| an impulse-control condition in which an individual feels an irresistible need to be involved in internet-based activities |
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