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Abnormal psych chapter 11
Schizophrenia
49
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
03/24/2010

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Term
Psychosis
Definition
i. Being unable to tell the difference between what is real and unreal
Term
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Definition
Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought and speech, disorganized catonic behavior
Term
Difference between schizophrenia and mood disorder
Definition
1. If symptoms occur during only periods of mood depression or mania then diagnosed mood disorder.
2. If symptoms occur during absence of depression or mania, then appropriate diagnosis schizophrenia.
Term
Delusions
Definition
1. Believed to be true but are unlikely and often impossible.
2. Also tend to preoccupy person over long times
Term
Precursatory delusions
Definition
a. Believe being watched or tormented by people they know, most common.
Term
Delusion of reference
Definition
a. Random events or comments directed at them
Term
Grandiose Delusions
Definition
a. Believe they are a special person or possesses special powers.
Term
Delusion of thought insertion
Definition
a. Belief ones thoughts are controlled by outside forces
Term
Hallucinations
Definition
Unreal perceptual or sensory experiences
Term
Auditory hallucinations
Definition
a. Most common, hear voices accusing or threatening.
b. People with schizophrenia may talk back.
Term
Visual Hallucination
Definition
a. Seeing something not real, often harmful
Term
Tactile Hallucinations
Definition
a. Perception something happening to outside of body, like bugs crawling down back.
Term
Somatic Hallucination
Definition
a. Perception something happening inside body.
Term
Disorganized thought and speech
Definition
1. Formal thought disorder
2. Schizophrenics often slip from one topic to another without coherent transition.
Term
Word salad
Definition
a. So disorganized that aren’t coherent to listener.
Term
Working Memory
Definition
a. Capacity to hold information and manipulate it.
b. Schizophrenics have problems with this,
Term
Disorganized or catonic behavior
Definition
1. Engage in unpredictable behavior that is untriggered.
2. Engage in socially unacceptable behavior,
Term
Catonic excitement
Definition
a. Becomes wildly agitated for no specific reason and is hard to subdue.
Term
Negative symptoms
Definition
Affective flattening, Alogia, Avolition
Term
Blunted Affect
Definition
1. Reduction or absence in emotional response to enviormen
Term
Algogia
Definition
evere reduction or complete absense of speech.
Term
Avolition
Definition
1. Inability to persist at common goal oriented tasks.
Term
Innapropriate Affect
Definition
1. May show innapropiate emotions based on stimulus.
Term
Anhedonia
Definition
1. A loss of interest in everything in life.
Term
Modern requirements for diagnosis
Definition
i. Six months with some symptoms
ii. Must be one month of acute symptoms during which two or more broad groups of symptoms exist and impair life.
Term
Prodromal and residual symptoms
Definition
1. Prodromal
a. Present before people go into acute phase.
2. Residual
a. Present after acute phase
Term
Schizoaffective Disorder
Definition
1. Mix of schizophrenia and mood disorder
2. Difference between psychotic disorder experience some symptoms without mood disorders present
Term
Paranoid Schizophrenia
Definition
i. Have tons of hallucinations and delusions with persecution and grandiosity often times.
ii. Not as much grossly disorganized speech or behavior.
Term
Disorganized Schizophrenia
Definition
i. Thoughts and behaviors are severely disorganized
ii. Show lack of emotional response or inappropriate emotional response.
Term
Catonic Schizophrenia
Definition
i. Very rare, show variety of motor behaviors and ways of speakikng that are almost totally unresponsive to enviorment.
Term
Catonic Schizophrenia symptoms
Definition
1. Catonic stupor
2. Catonic excitement
3. Complete mutinism
4. Odd motor movements or mannerisms
5. Echolalia (Sensesless repetition of words) or echoproaxia (repetitive imitation of others moves.
Term
Undifferentiated schizophrenia
Definition
i. Have symptoms of others but cannot be diagnosed as one of the other schizophrenias.
ii. Early in life, tend to be chronic
Term
Residual Schizophrenia
Definition
i. Have had at least one acute episode of acute positive symptoms, but do not currently have any positive symptoms.
Term
Family schizophrenia studies
Definition
1. Monozygotic twins have greatest risk of developing schizophrenia.
2. As genetic simililarities decrease, so do chances.
Term
Prefrontal cortex
Definition
1. Smaller with less activity in some schizophrenics
Term
Perinatal hypoxia
Definition
1. Oxygen deprivation during labor and delivery.
2. 30 percent of schizophrenics had this.
Term
Prenatal viral exposure
Definition
i. Higher rate for people whose mothers had flu while pregnant.
Term
Dopamine
Definition
1. Excess levels of dopamine in the brain increase rate.
2. Drugs that increase dopamine increase symptoms.
3. Only seems to affect positive symptoms
Term
Social drift theory
Definition
i. Schizophrenics more likely to live in harmful enviorment than non schizophrenics.
Term
Stress and relapse affect
Definition
i. Stress may not cause disease but may trigger new episodes in people who already have it.
Term
Psychodynamic theories
Definition
i. Argued that sometimes result from very bad early childhood experiences.
ii. Believed that most of these instances happen with mothers.
iii. Freud believed ego was suppressed causing schizophrenia.
Term
Communication patterns theory
Definition
i. Belief that parents (particularly mothers) put their children in double binds by telling them conflicting messages.
ii. Research suggest there are communication oddities but theorize that creates stressful enviorment and triggers biological predisposition.
Term
Expressed Emotion Theory
Definition
i. How emotional or angry a family gets toward disturbed member.
ii. Schizophrenics with families with more expressed emotion are more likely to relapse.
Term
Cognitive theory
Definition
1. Neurological abnormalities of schizophrenia create difficulties in attention, inhibition and adherence to rules.
Term
Behavioral theory
Definition
1. Believe developed through operant conditioning.
2. Believe disturbed do not learn at an early age how to respond to certain stimuli.
Term
Cognitive Treatments
Definition
1. Recegonize demoralizing attitudes toward illness so that they will realize severity and seek help.
Term
Behavioral Approach
Definition
1. Operant conditiong and modeling
2. Practice social situations
3. Tell family to ignore destructive behavior and reinforce positive behavior.
Term
Social Treatment
Definition
1. Increasing contact between schizophrenics and supportive others.
2. Practice reacting to stressful situations.
Term
Family Therapy
Definition
1. Combine education on schizophrenia and training of family members in reactions to schizophrenia.
2. Given information about biological causes to reduce self blame.
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