Term
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Definition
| eyes "seem" to be malaligned because of excess in the epicanthic folds |
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Term
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Definition
| fixed malalignment of the eyes; also known as tropia |
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Term
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Definition
| mild weakness of the eyes |
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Term
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Definition
| eyelids are swollen and puffy, occurring with local infections and crying |
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Term
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Definition
| protrusion of the eyeballs and wide palpebral fissures |
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Term
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Definition
| recession of the eyeballs and narrowing of palpebral fissures |
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Term
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Definition
| drooping of the upper lid, occurring from neuromuscular weakness |
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Term
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Definition
| change in the angle of the eyes that is indicative of Down syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| rolling out of lower eyelid; tears do not drain properly so eyes feel itchy |
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Term
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Definition
| rolling in of lower eyelid; constant rubbing of eyelashes irritates cornea |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the eyelids characterized by red, scaly, greasy flakes that cause burning and itchiness |
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Term
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Definition
| localized staph infection of hair follicle that is painful, red, and swollen; stye |
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Term
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Definition
| papule with ulcerated center on lower eyelid and medial canthus |
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Term
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Definition
| unequal pupil size; normal |
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Term
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Definition
| no response of either eye when light is directed to blind eye |
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Term
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Definition
| pupil is slow to react to light and accommodation; unilateral |
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Term
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Definition
| infection of conjunctiva with red, beefy vessels at the periphery; causes itchiness and burning sensation; "pink eye" |
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Term
| subconjunctival hemorrhage |
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Definition
| red patch on sclera like a spot of pain; result of increased intraocular pressure from coughing, weight lifting, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| deep, dull redness around iris; pupils may be irregular |
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Term
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Definition
| redness around the iris with a dilated pupil; anterior chamber is shallow, and cornea looks "steamy" |
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Term
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Definition
| triangular opaque wing of bulbar conjunctiva that is yellow to white in color; result of chronic exposure to hot, sandy climate |
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Term
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Definition
| ridges visible on cornea under intense light as a result of blunt eye injury |
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Term
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Definition
| blood in anterior chamber as a result of herpes zoster infection or blunt trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| purulent matter in anterior chamber associated with inflammation and iritis |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of synovial joints, starting with thickening and then fibrosis and bony ankylosis; bilateral and characterized by heat, redness, swelling, and pain at joints |
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Term
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Definition
| noninflammatory, localized deterioration of deterioriation of articular cartilage; bone rubs against bone causing stiffness, swelling, and pain at hands, knees, and hips |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic, progressive inflammation of RA that obliterates cervical and lumbar curvatures of spine |
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Term
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Definition
| decrease in skeletal bone mass occurring when rate of bone resorption is greater than that of bone formation, increasing risk for fractures especially in postmenopausal women |
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Term
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Definition
| swelling from excess fluid in joint capsule, usually from RA |
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Term
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Definition
| limited abduction of arm associated with hunched position; positive drop arm test |
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Term
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Definition
| large, soft knob or "goose egg" due to inflammation of olecranon bursa |
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Term
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Definition
| tennis elbow; chronic disabling pain at lateral epicondyle of humerus |
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Term
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Definition
| wrist in extreme flexion due to severe RA; hand becomes functionally useless |
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Term
| swan-neck and boutenniere deformities |
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Definition
| flexion contractures at the metacarphophalangeal joints that occurs with RA; knuckle looks like its being pushed through a buttonhole |
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Term
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Definition
| extra digits where surgical removal is considered for cosmetic appearance |
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Term
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Definition
| webbed wingers due to a congenital defect, which usually requires surgery due to decreased ROM |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of normal hollows on either side of patella due to synovial effusion |
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Term
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Definition
| painful swelling of tibial tubercle just below the knee due to repeated stress; pain increases with activity |
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Term
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Definition
| hard, painless nodule usually found on the metatarsophalangeal joint of first toe |
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Term
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Definition
| inflamed bursa at metatarsophalangeal joint where great toe loses power power to push off while walking |
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Term
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Definition
| soft tissue grows over nail and obliterates groove; infection occurs when nail grows, and corner penetrate the soft tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| lateral curvature of thoracic and lumbar spine |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased or loss of motor power due to problems with nerve or muscle fibers; hemiplegia (one side), paraplegia (both sides), quadriplegia (all four) |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid continuous twitching of resting muscle or part of muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid, sudden jerk or short series of jerks at fairly regular intervals |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary, repetitive twitching of muscle group (wink, shoulder shrug) due to a neurologic cause |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary contraction of opposing muscle groups; can occur at rest or voluntary movement but disappear while sleeping |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary contraction of muscle groups when muscles are quite and supported against gravity (hand in lap) |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary contraction of muscle groups that worsens with voluntary movement |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden, rapid, jerky, purposeless movement that occurs at irregular intervals |
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Term
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Definition
| slow, twisting, and writhing movement, resembling a snake or worm; disappears with sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| arm immobile against body with leg stiffness; leg circumducts with each step (dragging toe in semicircle) |
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Term
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Definition
| staggering wide-based gait with difficulty turning; positive Romberg sign |
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Term
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Definition
| stooped posture with short shuffling steps; difficulty with turning |
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Term
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Definition
| knees cross like holding an orange between thighs |
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Term
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Definition
| slapping quality; looks like walking up stairs and slaps food down hard |
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Term
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Definition
| weak hip muscles where person takes a step and opposite hips drops; protruding abdomen |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of sensation in distal part of extremities (feet and hands); diabetes is a common cause |
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Term
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Definition
| flexion of upper extremities and extension of lower extremities; indicates hemispheric lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| extension of upper extremities and extension of lower extremities; hyperextended back; indicates lesion in brainstem |
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Term
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Definition
| prolonged aching of back with head and heels bend backward |
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Term
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Definition
| fungal infection in crural fold, not extending to scrotum; result of sweating or "jock itch"; presents as red-brown half-moon shapes |
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Term
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Definition
| clusters of small vesicles with surrounding erythema; often painful and erupt on glans and foreskin; can rupture to form superficial ulcers |
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Term
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Definition
| soft, pointed, moist, fleshy, painless papules that can be singles or "cauliflower patch"; due to HPV |
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Term
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Definition
| begins as a small, solitary, silvery papule, eroding to a red, round, superficial ulcer with yellowish discharge; has an indurated base that can be lifted like a button |
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Term
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Definition
| ulcer with watery discharge on inner lip of penile foreskin |
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Term
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Definition
| nonretractable foreskin forming a pointy tip with a tiny orifice |
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Term
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Definition
| foreskin is retracted and fixed; constriction impedes circulation (medical emergency) |
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Term
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Definition
| urethral meatus opens on the under side of glans; should not be circumcised |
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Term
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Definition
| meatus opens on upper side of glans associated with urinary incontinence |
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Term
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Definition
| testes that have never descended, which can lead to infertility |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden twisting of spermatic cord, cutting off blood supply off and resulting in ischemia and engorgement |
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Term
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Definition
| acute infection of epididymis characterized by enlarged, reddened scrotum |
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Term
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Definition
| incompetent valves of veins in spermatic cord, resulting in blood reflux; may show blue in like scrotal skin |
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Term
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Definition
| retention cyst in epididymis that transilluminates higher in the scrotum; contains thin, milky fluid with sperm (can fluoresce) |
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Term
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Definition
| firm nodule or harder than normal section of testicle; early detection is important in prognosis |
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Term
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Definition
| circumscribed collection of serous fluid (cyst), resulting in an enlarged, mass that transilluminates with a pink or red glow |
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Term
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Definition
| acute inflammation of testis, resulting in enlargement, edema, and redness; does not transilluminate |
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Term
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Definition
| loop herniates through inguinal ring through external ring and can remain in canal or pass into scrotum; congenital or acquired |
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Term
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Definition
| bowel moves through external inguinal ring but does not enter scrotum; acquired by heavy lifting, obesity, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| bowel goes through femoral ring; more often on the right side; acquired only |
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Term
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Definition
| hair-containing cyst or sinus located midline over coccys |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal passage from inner anus to skin surrounding anus due to chronic inflammation of GI tract |
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Term
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Definition
| painless, flabby papules around or inside anus due to increased venous pressure due to straining at stool; becomes very painful when thrombosed |
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Term
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Definition
| rectal mucous membrane protrudes through anus, appearing as moist red donut with radiating lines |
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Term
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Definition
| intense perianal itching manifested by red, raised, excoriated skin around the anus |
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Term
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Definition
| protruding growth from rectal mucous membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| collection of hard, desiccated feces in rectum; often a result of decreased bowel motility |
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Term
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Definition
| enlargement of prostate that results in urinary frequency, urgency, straining to urinate, weak and intermittent stream, and sensation of incomplete emptying |
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Term
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Definition
| crab lice; excoriations and erythmetaous areas around the vagina; little dark spots or nits adherent to pubic hair can be noted; severe perineal itching |
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Term
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Definition
| uterus protrudes into vagina with straining or standing |
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Term
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Definition
| bluish discoloration of cervical mucosa as a result of pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
| cervical lips inflamed and eroded; reddened granular surface (inflammation) with no ulceration |
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Term
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Definition
| bright, red, soft, pedunculated growth emerging from os; benign lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| vulva and vagina are erythmetaous and edematous; discharge is thick, white, and curdy (like cottage cheese) |
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Term
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Definition
| vagina has red, raised papules and petechiae (strawberry appearance); discharge is a frothy, yellow-green, foul smelling discharge |
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Term
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Definition
| profuse discharge (constant wetness) with foul, fishy odor; color is thin, creamy white |
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Term
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Definition
| friable cervix with yellow or green discharge |
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Term
| myomas (uterine fibroids) |
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Definition
| uterus irregularly enlarged, firm, mobile, and nodular with hard, painless nodules in uterine wall |
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Term
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Definition
| cells lining womb grow outside of the vagina; small, firm nodular masses tender to uterine palpation |
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Term
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Definition
| palpable tender pelvic mass, which is solid, mobile, unilateral; irregular vaginal bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
| smooth, round, fluctuant, mobile, nontender mass on ovary; usually asymptomatic |
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