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Abnormal Child Psychology Exam 1
ch.1
27
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
09/28/2009

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Term
Transactional Model
Definition
views development as the result of continuous interplay of individual and environmental factors which interact and influence each other. its a bidirectional relationship
Term
what questions do abnormal child research want to find out
Definition
1. what is normal and abnormal ?does it depend on gender, race, age, cultural background?
2. ideity the causes
3. making predictions about long term outcomes
4. developing methods for treatment/prevention.
Term
Nosologies
Definition
the efforts to classify psychiatric disorders into descriptive categories.
they are non developmental in their approaches.
Term
developmental psychology
Definition
study of normal development
Term
clinical psychology
Definition
study of symptoms, causes and treatment of behavior disorders
Term
what is abnormal behavior? loose definiton
Definition
hindering daily finction, profound effect on child and family for long periods of time. but is abnormal always a bad thing>? (gifted students)
Term
regression
Definition
they lose the skills they once had
Term
failure to progress
Definition
it may indicate a problem and the child becomes stuck
Term
additional norms of defining abnormal behavior
Definition
gender, contextual/situational norms, cultural norms
Term
behavioral differences
1.
Definition
behaviors that are not present in typical behavior ( hallucinations, severe behavior)
Term
behavioral differences indications
Definition
frequency
intensity
duration
situation - is it right for the sit.
abrupt changes (walks before crawls, alphabet before language skills)
Term
APA/DSM
Definition
most restrictive! a pattern of behavior needed and they need to meet a certain number of criteria.
Term
those who really need mental care cant get it because:
Definition
less education, no money, no health insurance, they are not comfortable with the idea, cultural norms.
Term
risk factors
Definition
variables that precede the onset of disorder and sever to increase the chances that a negative outcome will occur. often cumulative!
Term
protective factors
Definition
variables that increase the child's ability to avoid negative outcomes despite being at risk for psychopathology.
Term
risk factors of the individual
Definition
constitutional:which is genetic, prenatal, health care and nutrition.

emotional/interpersonal: self-esteem, temperament, social incompetence
Term
risk factors of family
Definition
poverty, homelessness, abuse, parents have a disorder, stress, divorce
Term
extrafamilial risk factors.
Definition
neighborhood, community violence, gender, race, death, war, disaster.
Term
protective individual factors
Definition
intelligence, easy temperament, self confidence, talent, optimism, they seek and receive developmentally appropriate support and experiences.
Term
protective family factors
Definition
close relationships, authoritative parenting style, socioeconomic advantage
Term
extra-familial protective factors
Definition
bonds with positive adult role models, good schools, outside organizations.
Term
developmental pathways
Definition
look more at sequence and toming of behaviors both normal and abnormal and the relationship between behaviors over time.
Term
2 very important developmental pathways
Definition
multifinality and equifinality
Term
multifinality
Definition
similar early experiences ( risk factors) can lead to different outcomes
Term
equifinality
Definition
different early experiences (risk) can lead to similar outcomes (these depend on gender age, frequency, duration, intensity etc)
Term
interactional continuity
Definition
person evokes response (usually negative)in others, and then reacts in turn to this response.
Term
cumulative continuity
Definition
child channeled into environments that perpetuate maladaptive style.
ex: aggressive, doesn;t get along with anyone so they put him in a class with the bad kids, bad friends, gets kicked out of school, unable to find real job, starts doing something illegal.
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