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Abdomen
Health Assessment
31
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
11/13/2011

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Cards

Term
what is the 3rd leading cause of death?
Definition
colorectal cancer
Term
Organs in the RUQ
Definition
liver, gallbladder, duodenum, head of pancreas, right kidney and adrenal gland, hepatic flexure of colon, and part of ascending and transverse colon
Term
Organs in the RLQ
Definition
cecum, appendix, right ovary and tube, right ureter, and right spermatic cord
Term
Organs of the LUQ
Definition
stomach, spleen, left lobe of liver, body of pancreas, left kidney and adrenal gland, splenic flexure of colon, and part of transverse and descending colon
Term
Organs of the LLQ
Definition
part of descending colon, sigmoid colon, left ovary and tube, left ureter, and left spermatic cord
Term
Organs in the midline
Definition
epigastric, umbilical and hypogastric (suprapubic) areas-area between costal margins
aorta, umbilicus, uterus (if enlarged), and bladder (if distended)
Term
abdominal reflex
Definition
superficial reflex-jump when you are ticklish
Term
ETOH
Definition
alcohol
Term
exam order
Definition
inspection
auscultation
percussion (gives outline of organs)
palpation
Term
striae
Definition
stretch marks
Term
hernia
Definition
Weakened area of abdominal muscles and intestines protrude from those (midline and umbilicus is most common sites)
-If it can’t be retracted manually-it would be a surgical emergency
Term
scaphoid (contour)
Definition
hollowed out
Term
auscultatory sites
Definition
-aorta—approx. 5-6 in. above umbilicus on MSL
-renal arteries—approx. 3-4 in. above umbilicus on MCL
-iliac arteries—approx. 2-4 in. below umbilicus on MCL
-femoral arteries—halfway between ant. superior iliac spine & symphysis pubis (about 5-6 in. below umbilicus on MCL)
Term
bowel sound frequency
Definition
Normal (5-20)
Hypoactive (<5)
-After surgery
Hyperactive (>20)
-GI disturbance (nausea and vomiting or stomach growling)
Term
if you can't hear bowel sounds at first what do you do?
Definition
listen for 5 minutes at RLQ at ileocecal valve or 1 minute in each quadrant and epigastric
Term
friction rubs
(in liver and spleen)
Definition
Liver-lower right rib cage
-Abscess or tumor RMCL
Spleen-lower left rib cage LAAL
-Abscess, infection or tumor
Term
what is the normal percussion sound for the abdomen?
Definition
tympany
Term
when do you use blunt percussion?
Definition
when percussing the liver and kidneys
Term
normal span for the liver
Definition
RMCL: 6-12 cm
RSB & MSL: 4-8 cm
Term
percussing the stomach
what sound?
where at?
Definition
most tympanic-gastric air bubbles
LUQ; 6th to 7th ICS lateral to LMCL
Term
any dullness on deep inspiration over the spleen suggests
Definition
beginning of splenic enlargement
Term
tenderness over CVA suggests
Definition
kidney infection
Term
fluid wave
Definition
-ulnar edge of pt. hand midline
-strike rt. Flank & hold lt. flank
-fluid wave passes through and you feel tap of fluid under lt. hand
Term
Shifting dullness
Definition
-supine-percuss rt. Side from tympany to dullness
-turn pt. to right-percuss again from tympany to dullness-dull area will be higher then when pt. supine
Term
"hook method"
Definition
put fingers around the bottom of the rib cage
Term
palpate spleen
Definition
3 times normal size to be palpable
enlarged spleen can rupture easily
Term
lymph node locations
Definition
horizontal group-below inguinal ligament
vertical group-close to upper portion of great saphenous vein
Term
neuro assessment
Definition
Stroke each quadrant from side toward umbilicus
Nl.=muscle contraction & umbilicus moves toward the stroke
Term
infant considerations
Definition
protuberant abd.
Umbilical cord falls off 10-14 days
Hernias
-Umbilical
-Diastasis recti
Occasional peristalsis visible
Pyloric stenosis: marked peristalsis & projectile vomiting (narrow)
No vascular sounds
Liver edge at RCM or 1-2 cm below
Term
child considerations
Definition
Protuberant abd. until age 4
Liver edge palpable 1-2 cm below RCM
Spleen palpable
Term
aging adult considerations
Definition
Increased sub-q fat
Thinner abd. wall
Organs easier to palpate
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