Term
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Definition
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Term
| biological catalysts, which perform work of chemical reactions in cells |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a Structural proteins |
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Definition
proteins that make up things like
the fibers inside muscle cells
the outer coating of some viruses.
They are often laid down in sheet-like layers or spiral strands.
Many proteins combine shapes of sheets and spiral strands in different parts of their molecule.
Keratin and collagen are examples of structural proteins. |
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Term
| Blood plasma that appears cloudy may be an indication of which condition or disease state? |
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Definition
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Term
| The component parts of triglycerides are cholesterol and free fatty acids |
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Definition
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Term
| Cholesterol is a steroid. |
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Definition
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Term
| Prostaglandin is a hormone that is derived from lipids |
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Definition
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Term
| Which best describes essential fatty acids? |
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Definition
| They cannot be synthesized by the body. |
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Term
| The sheath around many nerves is called ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| A complex lipid that includes a carbohydrate portion is a _______ . |
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Definition
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Term
| Cholesterol is soluble in blood. |
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Definition
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Term
| In dogs and pigs, the digestion of lipids does not begin until food reaches the stomach. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which animal has a tongue that secretes lipase to digest fats and oils? |
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Definition
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Term
| Animal fat contains more unsaturated fatty acid than vegetable oils. |
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Definition
false
Animal fats generally contain less than 60% unsaturated fatty acids,
while vegetable oils contain more than 80% unsaturated fatty acids |
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Term
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Definition
Sucrose Lactose Maltose
Two monosaccharides |
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Term
| Mono- and disaccharides are commonly referred to as ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Polysaccharides are also known as |
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Definition
| complex carbohydrates or starches |
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Term
| Sources of carbohydrates in animal feed include . |
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Definition
| grains, such as wheat, corn, or oats |
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Term
| Monosaccharides are the building blocks of |
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Definition
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Term
| examples of common monosaccharides |
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Definition
| Glucose, fructose, galactose, and ribose are |
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Term
| the primary source of energy used by the body for all metabolic processes and can be converted to glycogen,is a? polysaccharide, for storage in the body. |
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Definition
| Glucose (also called dextrose) |
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Term
| Oligosaccharides are components of: |
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Definition
glycoproteins (compounds made up of carbohydrates and proteins), and
glycolipids (an oligosaccharide attached to a lipid molecule). |
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Term
| this complex carbohydrates is called --------because they contain many monosaccharides per molecule, often 300 to 500, thus making them very large. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cellulose, for example, is a polysaccharide used by plants as their structural material. It cannot be broken down by mammalian digestive enzymes. However, some species, like WHAT, have intestinal microbes that can digest cellulose so the animal can access cellulose’s nutritional value. |
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Definition
| ungulates, rodents, and lagomorphs |
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Term
| Which atoms are part of a carbohydrate? |
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Definition
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Term
| contains only a small number of monosaccharide units (about three to ten). |
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Definition
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Term
| Common types of lipids in biological systems include |
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Definition
fatty acids, glycerides, non-glycerides, and
complex lipids. |
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Term
| ________ are the main constituents of animal fats. |
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Definition
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Term
| A complex lipid that includes a carbohydrate portion is a _______ . |
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Definition
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Term
| Prostaglandin is a hormone that is derived from lipids |
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Definition
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Term
| Cholesterol is soluble in blood. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cholesterol is a steroid. |
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Definition
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Term
| The component parts of triglycerides are |
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Definition
| glycerol and free fatty acids. |
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Term
| what models are used to research the role of specific proteins to help our understanding of disease processes. |
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Definition
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Term
| what proteins help turn certain chemical reactions on or off, such as in the regulation of gene expression |
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Definition
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Term
| proteins, which are membrane proteins that transport substances into and out of the cells. |
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Definition
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Term
| regulates body functions? |
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Definition
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Term
| Enzymes are an example of which type of biochemical compound? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of protein is typically intracellular and helps to turn on or off chemical reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is an example of a structural protein? |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ are the building blocks of proteins. |
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Definition
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Term
| Some amino acids are considered essential only for young growing animals. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| There are seven macrominerals: |
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Definition
calcium (Ca),
phosphorus (P),
magnesium (Mg),
sodium (Na),
potassium (K),
chlorine (Cl), and
sulfur (S). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The deficiency of which essential micromineral results in anemia and fatty degeneration of the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the chemical name of vitamin C? |
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Definition
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Term
| Monogastric species are often referred to as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Many microminerals are toxic at high concentrations |
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Definition
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Term
| Dietary fiber can cause decreased mineral absorption. |
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Definition
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Term
| Fiber is also referred to as |
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Definition
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Term
| Animals on estrogen-sensitive studies should be fed a diet high in isoflavones. |
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Definition
| False, isoflavones can compete for estrogen receptors. |
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Term
| What are the two types of acceptable diet formulations for laboratory animals? |
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Definition
Fixed (exact same level of ingredients as the previous lot regardless of nutrition and
managed, accounts for natural variation. the goal is to maintain the same level of nutrition over time.
unacceptable is the least cost formulation, Labs should never have a cost based feed that aims for lowest price and not nutritional goal. |
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Term
| Which term is used for the cholesterol deposited on the inner lining of blood vessels? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which carbohydrate is known as table sugar? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which condition can newborns with phenylketonuria (PKU) develop? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which carbohydrate is found in mammalian milk? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a micromineral?
Chlorine
Iron
Iodine
Copper |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is a disaccharide?
Galactose
Sucrose
Glucose
Fructose |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is an unsaturated fatty acid?
Nucleic acid
Palmitic acid
Linoleic acid
Stearic acid |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is a component of both RNA and DNA?
Galactose
Ribose
Glucose
Fructose |
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Definition
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Term
Which statement regarding isoflavone is FALSE?
Isoflavones may lessen the action of tamoxifen.
Isoflavones may strengthen the immune response.
Isoflavones may be found in caging equipment.
Isoflavones are phytoestrogens. |
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Definition
| Isoflavones may be found in caging equipment. |
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Term
| What best describes a peptide? |
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Definition
| Molecule formed by the combination of a protein and a lipid |
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Term
| Blood types are characterized by the carbohydrate portions of _______ on the surface of cells and the carbohydrate portion of serum _______. |
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Definition
| glycoproteins, glycolipids |
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Term
| Which of the following is an enzyme that aids in the digestion of starches and other polysaccharides? |
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Definition
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Term
| The roles of cell-to-cell communication and self-recognition by the immune system are fulfilled by: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which compound does the body overproduce when fat stores are metabolized for energy? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a dietary macromineral?
Sulfur
Magnesium
Potassium
Copper |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is an inorganic molecule?
Protein
Lipid
Water
Carbohydrate |
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Definition
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Term
| Glucose converts to _______ for storage in the body. |
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Definition
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Term
Cobalt
Component of vitamin B12 |
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Definition
| Loss of body weight, anemia, fatty degeneration of the liver, death |
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Term
Manganese
Enzyme activity, formation of cartilage |
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Definition
| Skeletal abnormalities, ataxia, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired reproduction |
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Term
Iodine
Component of thyroid hormones |
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Definition
| Reduced basal metabolic rate, goiter, reproductive problems, skin thickening |
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Term
Selenium
Peroxidase activity, iodoprotein regulation |
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Definition
| Nutritional muscular dystrophy, hepatosis dietetica (pigs) |
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Term
Copper
Iron metabolism, elastin, melanin and collagen formation, red blood cell production |
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Definition
| Anemia, ataxia, neural degeneration, bone and hair abnormalities |
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Term
Iron
Component of muscle fibers, hemoglobin, myoglobin |
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Definition
| Anemia, abnormal neural development |
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Term
Fluorine
Bone metabolism, reduces dental caries |
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Definition
| Bone abnormality, tooth decay |
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Term
Zinc
Component of nucleic acid metabolism, enzyme activity |
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Definition
| Anorexia, bone growth retardation, altered wound healing, reduced testicular size and sperm production |
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Term
Chromium
Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, insulin cofactor |
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Definition
| Impaired glucose metabolism |
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Term
Molybdenum
Component of xanthine oxidase enzyme |
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Definition
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