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| A young erythrocyte; normally 1-2% of erythrocytes in the blood are reticulocytes |
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| a decreased # of leukocytes in the blood |
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| too few erythrocytes or too little hemoglobin in the blood |
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also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes;
the most numerous of leukocytes;
have 3-5 lobes;
phagocytes that usually respond early in the defense of the body |
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| The breakdown of a blood clot |
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| Lymphocytes and monocytes |
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| In coagulation; a series of chemical reactions involving coagulation factors only in the blood |
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| an essential mineral for coagulation |
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| Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils |
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| a cancer of the bone marrow and blood cells usually resulting in high leukocytes (WBC's) |
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| A hormone that stimulates the production of erythrocytes; produced mostly by the KIDNEYS |
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| large leukocytes with a curved or bent nucleus; transform in macrophages |
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| usually respond later than neutrophils; present in long term conditions |
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| leukocytes with bilobed nuclei and large red cytoplasmic granules; the # is increased with allergies, parasites, and certain cancers |
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| a substance that inhibits coagulation; ex heparin |
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| Folic acid and vitamin B12 |
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| vitamins essential for erythropoiesis |
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| The most abundant plasma protein; a carrier molecule; a pH buffer; and an important contributor to osmotic pressure |
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| an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of a blood clot |
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| blood plasma without its coagulation factors (the liquid remaining after coagulation |
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| Leukocytes with large dark blue cytoplasmic granules; often initiate immediate allergic reactions when exposed to certain substances; release histamine |
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| a protein consisting of long insoluble strands formed by the transformation of fibrinogen; catalyzed by thrombin |
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| the second most numerous of the leukocytes; mature forms are small but relatively large nucleus; the main cells of adaptive immunity |
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| an abnormal blood clot; blood clot that is not necessary for hemostasis and often blocks the flow to the tissues |
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| a breakdown product of heme groups (without the iron) |
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| large bone marrow cells whose cytoplasm fragments to form platelets |
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| the final steps of coagulation; the internal and external pathways both lead here |
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| an enzyme that catalyzes the transformation of fibrinogen into fibrin |
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| a liquid connective tissue that transports substances throughout the body; consists of cells and matrix |
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| a coagulation factor; a substance that promotes coagulation |
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| a decreased # of platelets in the blood; can make bleeding more likely |
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| White blood cells; a variety cell types whose main function is body defense |
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| Too many erythrocytes in the blood |
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| The thin layer of leukocytes and platelets formed when blood is centrifuged; lies between the layer of erythrocytes and the plasma layer |
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| The fluid component of blood; it is mostly water and contains substances such as proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, respiratory gases, and hormones |
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| a protein consisting of 2 alpha polypeptides and 2 beta polypeptides, EACH having an iron containing heme group |
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| formation of blood cells; occurs mostly in red bone marrow |
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| an essential mineral for hemoglobin production |
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| the percent of blood volume occupied by erythrocytes |
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| formation of erythrocytes; stimulated by a hormone called erythropoietin that is produced mostly in the kidneys |
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| a plasma protein that transports iron |
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| an increased # of platelets in the blood |
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| proteins that bind iron when it is stored in liver and spleen cells |
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| an increased # of leukocytes in the blood; often a sign of inflammation |
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| in coagulation; a series of chemical reactions initiated by a tissue factor called tissue thromboplastin |
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| also called thrombocytes; small cytoplasmic fragments of bone marrow cells called megakaryocytes; platelets are vital to hemostasis (clotting) |
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