Term
Ch 1
Directional Terms of the body |
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Definition
Superior—toward the head, above
Inferior—toward the feet, below
Anterior—toward the front or in front of (same as ventral)
Posterior—toward the back or in back of (same as dorsal)
Medial—toward the midline of a structure
Lateral—away from the midline or toward the side of a structure
Proximal—toward or nearest the attachment to the trunk of the body, or nearest the point of origin of a structure
Distal—away from or farthest from the attachment to the trunk of the body, or farthest from a structure’s point of origin
Superficial—nearer to the surface of the body
Deep—farther away from the surface of the body
Supine – laying with the body facing up
Prone – laying with the body facing down |
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Term
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Definition
Sagittal plane—lengthwise plane that divides a structure into right and left sections
Midsagittal—sagittal plane that divides the body into two equal left and right halves
Frontal (coronal) plane—lengthwise plane that divides a structure into anterior and
posterior sections
Transverse (Axial) plane—horizontal plane that divides a structure into upper and lower
sections |
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Term
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Definition
Ventral cavity
Thoracic cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity
Dorsal cavity |
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Term
| What is a positive and a negative feedback loop |
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Definition
The body uses negative feedback loops and, less often, positive feedback loops to
maintain or restore homeostasis |
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Term
| How does a positive and a negative feedback loop work |
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Definition
Negative Feedback System – will oppose or reverse and action in the body (body
temperature)
Positive Feedback System – will continue to push a change in the same direction
(uterine contractions, blood clotting) |
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Term
| What are positive and negative feedback loops made of |
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Definition
Sensor – the part of the feedback loop that detects a change in the regulate
condition
Control center – the part of the feedback loop that compares the detected
condition to the homeostatic condition
Effector – the part of the feedback loop that directly effects the regulated
condition |
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Term
| Levels of organization of the body |
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Definition
Atoms and molecules— chemical level
Cells— the smallest structural units of organisms
Tissues— same cells grouped together to perform a specific function
Organs— organizations of different kinds of tissues working together
Systems —organizations of many different kinds of organs working together |
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Term
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Definition
Gross Anatomy – structures visible to the naked eye
Microscopic Anatomy – structures seen only with a microscope
Systemic Anatomy – the study of only one system of the body
Radiographic Anatomy – structures seen through use of imaging techniques |
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Term
Ch 2
What is the smallest unit of matter |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of bond forms between amino acids in a protein |
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Definition
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Term
Ch 3
What are examples of structural and functioal proteins |
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Definition
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Term
What is passive transport
What examples did we discuss |
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Definition
| The movement of substances through a membrane from a high to low concentration without the need for energy. |
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Term
What is active transport
What examples did we discuss |
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Definition
form of cell transport where substances are moved from a low
concentration to a higher concentration against the concentration gradient. This will require
ATP energy and transport proteins. |
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Term
What is filtration
How does it work |
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Definition
A form of cell transport, substances are moved from a low
concentration to a higher concentration against the concentration gradient. This will require
ATP energy and transport proteins. |
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Term
| Cell structures and their functions |
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Definition
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Term
Ch 4
What are the systems of the body |
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Definition
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Nervous System
Endocrine System
Cardiovascular System
Lymphatic and Immune System
Respiratory System
Digestive System
Urinary System
Reproductive Systems |
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Term
| WHat are the organs in the systems of the body |
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Definition
Integumentary System- Skin and Hair
Skeletal System-206 bones,Cartilage, and Ligaments
Muscular System-Skeletal, Cardiac Muscle, and Smooth Muscle.
Nervous System-Central Nervous Sytem Brain and Spinal Cord
Peripheral nervous System Cranial and Spinal nerves
Endocrine System-
Pituitary gland
Pineal gland
Hypothalamus
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
Thymus gland
Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Cardiovascular System-Heart, blood, and closed blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries)
Lymphatic and Immune System-Lymphatic vessesl which contain a fluid called lymph
Lymph organs including lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus gland and spleen
Respiratory System-Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
Digestive System-Primary organs – mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large
intestine, rectum and anal canal
Accessory Organs – teeth, salivary glands, tonguy, liver, gall bladder,
pancreas, and appendix
Urinary System-
Reproductive Systems- |
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Term
| What is the major function of each system of the body |
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Definition
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Term
Ch 6
What are the functions of the skin |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the parts of the nail |
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Definition
| The cuticle,the nail bed, |
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Term
| What are the reigons of skin and what tissue are they made of |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the locations of the sebaceous gland and the cerumenous gland |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the sebaceous gland and the cerumenous gland secrete |
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Definition
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Term
| Where in the hair follicle does hair growth begin |
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Definition
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Term
Ch 7
What are the parts of a long bone |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The production of blood cells |
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Term
| Where does hematopoiesis occur |
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Definition
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Term
| What are chodrocytes and osteocytes |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the small hollow spaces called were chodrocytes and osteocytes are found |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the major bones in the appendicular system |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the major bones in the axial skeletal system |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the connective tissues of a muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the parts of a sarcomere |
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Definition
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Term
| What molecules make up the thin myofilament and what are the functions of each |
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Definition
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Term
| What role does ATP play in muscle contraction |
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Definition
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Term
| What organs belong to the two major divisions of the nervous system |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the chracteristics of a neuron |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 parts of a neuron and what does each part do |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the connective tissue of a nerve |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the major functions of the lobes of the brain |
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Definition
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Term
| What are neurotransmitters and where are they found |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 meninge of CNS |
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Definition
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Term
| WHat is saltatory conduction |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the ciliary muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| WHat is the eustachian tube and where is it found |
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Definition
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