Term
| 2. What philosopher wrote of the environment as a manifestation of human thoughts, ideas and values. |
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Definition
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Term
| 3. According to R. Buckminster Fuller, what is the role of the Earth within the know Universe and therefore the implications for the purpose of humans on Earth? |
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Definition
| The earth is the only body the absorbs energy and humans are the same way |
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Term
| Who is credited with the invention of the Geodesic Dome? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does Christopher Alexander refer to the condition which occurs within a system whenever the system is in perfect equilibrium with the forces it is subject to? |
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Definition
The quality is whole and alive
Comfortable and free
Natural and egoless
exacting
eternal |
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Term
| 6. There are many protracted wasting in nature. How do the wasting of humans compare? |
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Definition
| nature absorbs its waste while humans don’t |
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Term
| What is meant by “Function is Formless”. |
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Definition
| The general principle of technology diminishes form even though greater function is possible. |
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Term
| What phrase did Fuller use to describe the era of mobility (“local geographical unsettlement”). |
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Definition
| Successfully at home in the universe |
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Term
| Based upon the degree of organized competence to nurture, protect and accommodate today’s ad tomorrow’ lives, does Fuller consider our condition one of poverty or wealth? |
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Definition
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Term
| List and define the nine Hannover Principals. |
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Definition
Humanity and nature coexist
Recognize interdependence
Respect relationships between spirit and matter
Accept responsibility for the consequences of design decisions
Create safe objects of long term value
Eliminate the concept of waste
Rely on natural energy flows, ie solar or wind
Understand the limits of design
Seek constant improvements by the sharing of knowledge |
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Term
| Define sustainability according to the World Commission on Environment and Development. |
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Definition
| Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations |
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Term
| What is a checklist of green performance goals and measures, with 69 possible points? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the most energy absorbing ecosystem on earth and the least energy absorbing ecosystem on earth. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three cultural transitions as we enter the 21st Century as described by Fritof Capra? From what towards what? |
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Definition
River, railways, highways, Global city or center points
Decline of patriarchy shift in values, decline in fossil fuel age shift in technology, decline of perimdime in worldview |
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Term
| Define values systems as per Pitirm Sorokin. |
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Definition
| Matter alone is ultimate reality, true reality lies in the spiritual realm, combination of the first two |
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Term
| What are the five major migrations of people in the United States since colonization? |
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Definition
Old colonies to new colonies
Movement westward
Industrialized cities
Industry to suburbs
New town/small town, high quality of life is in the suburbs not the cities |
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Term
| Define contrasting world views as per Fritof Capra and how are they symbolized? |
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Definition
Mechanistic view, cartisian view of nature, system theory, the world is light, nurture and healthy growth, machines/peoples constructed product
Mechanistic- cartisian view of nature very rational
System theory- the world is alive, nurture and help it grow
Machines/constructive- linear patterns, static projects, very geometrical
Organisms- growth process is flexible, cyclical |
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Term
| Describe the characteristics of Corinth (2000 b.p.) which represent the ideas and goals of central cities today. |
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Definition
| Centrality, concentration, and mixture |
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Term
| What common characteristic did cities share from the middle ages through the 16th century that is found in St. Augustine, FL as late as 1770? |
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Definition
| Built for defense, had moats, walls, and cannons |
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Term
| What became of the walls and mote surrounding Paris around 1700? |
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Definition
| The walls were torn down and made in boulevards |
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Term
| Charles L’Enfant used what city as a model for Washington D. C.? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the sewer system of Paris that contributed to the plaque. |
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Definition
| Excrement was poured into the middle of the street |
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Term
| Describe the sewer system of 1810 that replaced the system that contributed to the plaque. |
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Definition
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Term
| What element was the primary form giver for the City of Dallas/Fort Worth during the following time period? |
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Definition
1850: river
1900:railways
1970: highways |
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Term
| What form of transportation is key in the multi-centered global city? |
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Definition
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Term
| Texas was heavily influenced by the Spanish. How is the square in Texas different from the square in Mexico and Spain? |
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Definition
| The squares here hold courthouses while the squares there hold churches |
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Term
| What is the fifth major migration of peoples in the United States; following the move to the suburbs (the fourth major migration)? |
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Definition
| Fragmentation into integration |
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Term
| What yearnings make dwelling on the periphery of existing cities the choice of many Americans. |
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Definition
| Space, mobility, individuallity |
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Term
| Often cities respond to the developing suburbs with what kind of development represented to a great deal by the North Overton development in Lubbock. |
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Definition
| Recreating suburbs in the city |
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Term
| What are the perceived advantages of suburbs and cities? |
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Definition
Class and culture lives in the city
Space, rural feeling, clean and safe, and religion |
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Term
| Name the virtues of the city. |
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Definition
| Density, social network/landmarks, diversity, authenticity, street front, mosaic of cultures |
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