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| Edison Electric Light Company, invented incandescant bulb, power genereation/distribution |
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| alternating current and transformers that reduced high-voltage power, making transmission of electricity over long distances cheaper |
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| Henry Villard & J.P. Morgan |
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| bought patents in electric lighting companies and merged small equipment-manufacturing companies into the General Electric Company, GE |
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| famous for the first automobiles and their production - the assembly line. The Ford Motor Company tried to pay workers enough to buy his cars |
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| James Bonsack, James B. Duke |
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| cigarette-rolling machine, transformed tobacco...Duke sold cigarettes in North |
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| new automated looms, hired women and children for less |
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| made TIME as important as quality in production - work by the clock |
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| unionized railroad workers protesting wage cuts... attacked railroad property. Pittsburgh - worst violence |
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| famous for admitting women, immigrants, blacks, etc. into their union...peacable protest |
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| Chicago, 1886. McCormick reaper factory, Haymarket square, ppl protest police brutality, starting riot and BOMBING |
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| American Federation of Labor (AFL) |
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alliance of national craft unions, 140,000 members. SAMUEL GOMPERS => LEADER.
organization avoided Knights of Labor strategy and pressed for real goals: HIGHER WAGES, SHORTER HOURS, RIGHT TO BARGAIN COLLECTIVELY. they avoided party politics |
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| immigrant, head of Cigar Makers' Union, pragmatic and opportunistic. |
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| Pullman Palace Car Company, 1894. workers walked out in protest of raised housing $ but same wages. |
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| Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) |
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| strove to unify all laborers and organize... known as "WOBBLIES" |
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| pools: business consolidation, agreed amts of production in order to control economy. trusts: legal arrangement where 1 person manages another person's financial affairs. |
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| owned partial or complete interest in other companies. could merge assets and management. |
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| CEO of Standard Oil Company, devised trust system |
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| business men devoted to financial organizing rather than producing a good/service. raised $ by selling stock and borrowing from banks. |
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| made every combination or contract in restraint of trade illegal. law left purposefully vague however, in order to please everyone. |
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