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| The scientific study of substances, especially the interactions of substances. |
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| Anything that has weight and occupies space. |
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| Substances that cannot be broken down by chemical means into simpler substances. |
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| The smallest unit of an element. |
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| Positive electrical charge |
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| Negative electrical charge. |
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| No or neutral electrical charge. |
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Why is an atom electrically neutral?
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| Because it has the same number of protons as electrons, even though the number of neutrons may vary. |
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| Indicates the amount of protons and electrons in each atom. |
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| An atom of an element having the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons than most atoms of the element. |
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| The smallest unit of a compound; composed of two or more atoms chemically combined. |
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| A substance formed of two or more elements in a fixed ration. |
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| A force of attraction between two atoms. It is not a structure. |
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| An atoms outermost shell of electrons. |
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| Atoms with a net electrical charge, either positive or negative. |
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| The force or attraction that holds Ions together. |
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| Ionic compound that when dissolved in water tends to dissociate and release ions. Can conduct an electrical current. |
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| Molecules formed by atoms who share electrons. |
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| A weak attractive force between a slightly negative oxygen or nitrogen atom at a different site within the same molecule or in a different molecule. |
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| Bonds between atoms are formed or broken, and the result is a new combination of atoms. Two basic types, synthesis and decomposition. |
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| Simple substances (atoms or molecules) combine to form a more complex substance. Ex: Reactions of hydrogen and oxygen (reactants) to form water (product). |
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A + B → AB The above is a generalization of what? |
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| A complex substance is broken down into simpler substances. Ex: Water can become hydrogen and oxygen. |
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AB → A + B The above is a generalization of what? |
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| Molecules may contain either hydrogen or carbon, but not both. |
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| Molecules always contain both carbon and hydrogen, also usually has oxygen. |
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The major inorganic compounds of the body are...
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| Water, most acids and bases, and mineral salts. |
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| _____ serves as a lubricant, reducing friction where internal body parts rub together, and it aids in the movement of food through the digestive tract. |
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| Specific locations in the body where water is found. |
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| Water Compartment - Intracellular Fluid |
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| Water within the cells; about 65% of total body water. |
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Water Compartment - Extracellular Fluid
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| All water not in cells; about 35% of total body water. |
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| Increases the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of a solution by dissociating to release H+. |
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| Decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution by combining with the H+. |
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| A measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. |
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| The pH scale ranges from __ to __. |
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| A chemical or combination of chemicals that pick up or release H+ to keep the pH balance of a solution rather constant. |
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The normal pH of the blood is between ___ and ___
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| pH of the blood ranges from 7.0 to 7.3. pt feels tires and disoriented |
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| the pH range of the blood ranges from 7.5 to 7.8. pt feels agitated and dizzy. |
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| Ionic compounds that dissociate in aqueous solutions, but do not produce hydrogen or hydroxyl ions. |
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| The Major Organic Compounds of the body are ______, ______, ______, and ______. |
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| Carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. |
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