Term
| 3 types of verbals (fake verbs) |
|
Definition
Participles-(verbs acting as adjectives)
Infinitives-(various uses; the usually have "to" in front")
Gerunds- (verbs functioning as nouns) |
|
|
Term
| What types of complements do liking verbs have |
|
Definition
| Linking verbs can have both Predicate Nouns and Predicate Adjectives |
|
|
Term
| How do you determine if such verbs such as "feel" and "look" are funstioning as linking verbs |
|
Definition
| You think about if the verb is a state of being; in the case of "feel" and "look", they are one of the five senses making feel and look linking verbs. You can also substitute a form of "to be" in for them...it has to flow |
|
|
Term
| Why is the word "there" never the subject of a sentence |
|
Definition
| The words "there" or "here" are never the subjects of a sentence because they are either functioning as expletives (Expletives are words used to get the sentence started) or adverbs |
|
|
Term
| When do you use the Nominative Case |
|
Definition
| You use the Nominative case when it is used as a subject of a verb, as the complement after is, are, and any other forms of "to be", as an appositive of the subject or of the complement after forms of "to be" |
|
|
Term
| When do you use the Objective case |
|
Definition
| You use the objective case when the pronoun is the DO or IO of a verb, OBJ of a preposition, or an appositive of an object |
|
|
Term
| When do you use the Possesive case |
|
Definition
| You use the possesive case when you want to show possesion. my, your, her, his, its, our, and their (whose) |
|
|
Term
| What are the questions you ask yourself to determine a DO, IO, and OC |
|
Definition
To determine a DO you ask the question "whom" or "what"
To determine a IO you ask the question "to (for) whom or what"
TO determine a OC you ask the question "what"-provides extra info about DO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a word that a pronoun refers to |
|
|
Term
| What is the distinction between a clause and a phrase |
|
Definition
A phrase is a group of words generally without a subj. and pred., used as a single part of speech
A clause is a group of words containing a subj. and a verb. The two types of clauses are independent (stand alone) and dependent clauses 9cannot stand alone) |
|
|
Term
| What is a comma splice? sentence fragment? |
|
Definition
A comma splice is incorrect use of a comma as punctuation between two independent clauses not joined by a coordinating conj.
A sentence fragment is a part of a sentence written and punctuated as though it were a complete thought, although some element has been omitted |
|
|
Term
| What are coordinating conj. |
|
Definition
| a conjunction that joins two sentence elements of equal rank: and, but, or, nor, for, yet (in the sense of but), so (in the sense of therefore) |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between a subordinating conjunction and a prepositon |
|
Definition
A subordinating conjunction introduces dependent clauses
A Preposition introduces adjective clauses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the part of speech that names a person place, thing or idea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a word used in the place of a noun; it sometimes refers to a noun pr ther substantive already mentioned |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a word that modifies or adds to the meaning of a verb, adjective, or other adverb. It may also modify or qualify a phrase or clause, adding to the meaning of the whole idea expressed in the sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a word that modifies, descirbes,limits, or adds tothe meaning of a noun, pronoun, or any other substantive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a part of speech that shows a relationship between its object ( a substantive) and some other word or sentence element |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a word used to join words or groups of words. Coordinating conjunction (and and but) join sentence elements of rank. Subordinating conj. instorduce subordinate, or dependent, elements, joining them in the main part of the sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a word used to show a state or to ask something, expressing action or a state of being. Every sentence must contain a verb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the person, place or thing being spoken or written about in a sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a noun or some other substantive that completes the verb and receives the action expressed by the verb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It is the person or thing in which the action is being done to (for) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the substantive that follows a prepostion and shows a relationship between the object of the preposition and some other element in the sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a noun, pronoun or adjective that completes the action of the verb and refers back to the DO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a word or phrase that explains, identifies, or renames the word it follows and refers to |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the noun in the predicate that renames or identifies the subject. It follows a linking verb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the adjective in the predicat that descirbes or modifies th subject. Follows a linking verb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gerunds, Participial, and Infinitve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
consists of a gerund Nd any complement or modifiers it may have; always has the funstion of a noun
"-ing" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
consists of a participal and any complement or modifiers it may have. It functions as an adjective
"-ing" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of a infinitve ("to -") amd any complement or modifiers it may have. Infinitives function as adjectives, adverbs, or nouns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of a prepostion followed by a noun or pronoun used as its object, together with any modifiers the noun or pronoun may have. Usu. functions as an adj. or adv. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a word or phrase that explains, identifies or renames the word it follows. May be a noun phrase, a gerund phrase, an infinitve phrase.
Essential ans Non-essential
essential-no commas
non-essential:commas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a dependent clause used as a noun, that is, as a subject, complement, OP, or APP...usu introduced by that, what, why, whether, who, which, how |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a dependent clauese that modifies a noun or pronoun
who, whom, whose, which, that, relative adverbs where, when ,why
essential and non-essential |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a dependent clause that functions exactly as if it were an adverb. It modifies a verb, an adj, an adverb, or the whole idea expressed in the independent clause
set off by subordinating conjunctions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| simple, compuond, complex, compund-complex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a single independent clause that has one subject and one predicate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a single independent clause that has one subject and one predicate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a sentence that contains at least two independent clauses and no dependent clauses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a sentence that contains one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses |
|
|
Term
| Compound-Complex sentences |
|
Definition
| a sentence that contains at least tow independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses |
|
|
Term
| three types of subordinate clauses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| present, past, future, present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect |
|
|
Term
| 4 principal parts of verbs |
|
Definition
| present, present participle, past, past participle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
basic, progressive, emphatic
prog- ("to be" + "-ing")
emphatic- did/do |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
active voice- the subject is the doer of the action
passive voice- the subject receives the action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1st- speaker
2nd- spoken to
3rd- spoken about |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a description of lanuguage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| have one and only one function in a sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TWWWW-that, which ,whom, who, whose |
|
|
Term
| an "ing" word can be a verb only when... |
|
Definition
| a form of "to be" is in front of it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
something left out
as she (does) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 independent clauses with merely a coordinating conunction |
|
|
Term
| Coordinating conjunctions |
|
Definition
FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
, (coordinating conj) {compund sent}
or ";" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
coordinating conj used in pairs
either...or neither..nor
both...and not only..but also |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| each, all, many, few, some (show #) |
|
|
Term
| What to do when you come across an "ing" word |
|
Definition
ask yourself:
does it have a form of "to be"
yes-> verb no-> move on
is it functioning as a noun
yes-> gerund no-> move on
you must have a present participle
DEEP BREATH
remind yourself what participles do (modify nouns or pronouns)
ask "who or what is doing the participle" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a noun or pronoun followed by a participial phrase that functions independently from the rest of the sentence |
|
|
