Term
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Definition
| parotid, submaxillary, sublingual. exocrine glands stimulated by aromas and food in mouth. they keep bacteria in check, moisten, amylase=carb digestion, and participate in defense |
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Term
| how do salivary glands participate in defense? (3) |
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Definition
| secrete IgA, lysozyme, lactoferrin |
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Term
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Definition
| encapsulated, divided into lobules. blood vessels and nerves enter at hila. |
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Term
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Definition
| pyramidal in shape, form acinus. / cuboidal, form tubules, produce GPs, surrounded by myoepithelial cells (to squeeze secretions out) |
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Term
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Definition
| join to form striated ducts >>> main duct > mouth. |
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Term
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Definition
| have no islets of langerhans or centroacinar cells like pancreas, but plenty of striated ducts and serous acini. secretions enter mouth through Stensen's duct. largest, but only 25% saliva. |
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Term
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Definition
| 70% saliva, mixed serous/mucous. serous demilunes. |
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Term
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Definition
| mucous only, but some serous demilunes. no striated ducts. 5% saliva |
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Term
| pancreas is both endocrine and exocrine: |
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Definition
| endo: insulin, glucagon, somatostatin. exo: digestive enzymes, bicarb |
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Term
| acini of pancreas have apical |
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Definition
| secretory zymogen granules, which are inactive enzyme precursors. when stimulated by CCK, they release these into the intestine. digest nucleic acids, AAs, lipids, and carbs. bicarb-secretin. |
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Term
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Definition
| bile, fibrinogen + other clotting factors, albumin (and other blood proteins). also detoxifies (IgA) |
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Term
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Definition
| portal triads: hepatic arteriole, portal vein, bile duct. then also central vein (first branch of hepatic vein) which goes to IVC. hepatic arteries and portal veins run together to form sinusoid capillaries. |
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Term
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Definition
| endodermally derived hepatocytes, which assemble into plates or cords. macrophages = kupffer cells = monocyte-derived. (capable of taking over splenic rbc degradation) |
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Term
| what are the small bile ducts in the liver called? |
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Definition
| bile canaliculi = paracellular pathways created by tight junctions between hepatocytes. they converge to form bile ductules that we see in portal triads. |
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Term
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Definition
| branch of hepatic portal vein |
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Term
| 3 surfaces of hepatocytes |
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Definition
| perisinusoidal, bile canalicular, lateral |
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Term
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Definition
| RER, SER (take up FAs to produce VLDL and cholesterol) |
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Term
| golgi apparatus near ___ in hepatocytes |
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Definition
| near bile canalicular surface |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| hepatocyte = major storage site of |
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Definition
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Term
| hepatocytes bind ___ causing... |
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Definition
| IgA, causing it to be internalized and released into bile |
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Term
| liver sinusoids empty into |
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Definition
| central veins, which converge on hepatic vein and then to the IVC. discontinuous capillaries! |
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Term
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Definition
| space between hepatocytes and capillary endothelium of sinusoids. fingerlike projections (microvilli) into space of Disse for increased surface area. |
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Term
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Definition
| cells in space of disse which store fat or fat soluble vitamins |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| portal (interlobular) vein and hepatic artery IN, bile ductule OUT |
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Term
| 3 models of liver lobules |
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Definition
| classic (hexagon), acinar (diamond), portal (triangle) |
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Term
| zones 1,2,3 of acinus (acinar model) |
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Definition
| zone 1 closest to blood supply (hepatic artery and portal vein) and so forth |
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Term
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Definition
| = CT capsule around liver lobules |
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Term
| the only diverticulum of the gut tube that does not branch |
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Definition
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Term
| how can you distinguish gall bladder from intestine? |
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Definition
| gall bladder has muscle in only one direction, not two. also gall bladder has no villi |
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Term
| what are acinar glands made of |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the basal infoldings in striated ducts for? |
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Definition
| increased surface area for excretions to enter ducts |
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Term
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Definition
| round, unlike mucous cells which have basally compressed nuclei |
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Term
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Definition
| CT ligament thing under tongue; sublingual salivary glands on either side |
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Term
| hepatopancreatic sphincters |
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Definition
| oddi - on inside of intestine, vater - on outside |
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Term
| bile canaliculi are skinnier than sinusoids. sinusoids have simple squamous, bile have simple columnar. |
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Definition
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