Term
| nutritional assessment (5) |
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Definition
| medical history, nutrition history, physical examination, anthropometric measurements, lab data |
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Term
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Definition
| any disorder of nutrition status resulting from deficiency of nutrient intake, impaired nutrient metabolism, overnutrition |
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Term
| important to distinguish between these types of malnutrition |
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Definition
| uncomplicated starvation, obesity, malnutrition caused by disease or trauma |
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Term
| as you age, what happens to your body comp? |
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Definition
| fat goes up, everything else goes down |
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Term
| consequences of malnutrition |
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Definition
| growth retardation> cell-mediated immunity lost> pneumonia> too weak to walk> bed sores> death. longer hospital stay, high medical costs, poor wound healing |
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Term
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Definition
| calorie and protein deficiency, affects children the most |
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Term
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Definition
| vitamin and mineral deficiency: most common = iodine, iron (easily tested), vitamin A (associated with night blindness) |
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Term
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Definition
| vitamin and mineral deficiency: most common = iodine, iron (easily tested), vitamin A (associated with night blindness) |
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Term
| hospital malnutrition statistics |
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Definition
| 69% have a decline in nutrition status during hospitalization. 30-50 are malnourished upon entering, 30 will become malnourished during hospitalization |
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Term
| most nursing home patients are malnourished |
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Definition
| 23-85%. 32-50% hospitalized patients |
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Term
| primary protein energy malnutrition |
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Definition
| inadequate food intake: biological, social, economic, environment |
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Term
| secondary protein malnutrition |
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Definition
| disease -> inadequate nutrient absorption, increased requirements, increased losses |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased sense of taste/smell, loss of vision/hearing = decreased function, oral health problems, sarcopenia = decreased function, poor diet quality / limited access to food, depression = lower appetite |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| pain related eating problems |
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Definition
| pain medicines make people sleep more and therefore eat less; people who have pain with eating don't want to eat |
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Term
| surgical resections of GI tube result in |
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Definition
| inadequate absorption (certain areas absorb certain things) |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation in mouths of immunosuppressed patients |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| happens when chemo makes a person throw up after a certain meal, they don't want that meal again for a long time |
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Term
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Definition
| elderly are at risk for this |
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Term
| risk factors for being unable to eat oral diet in ICU |
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Definition
| intubation, trauma surgery, emergency bowel surgery, burn, pain management |
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Term
| increased energy expenditure |
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Definition
| burn victims, trauma. skinny people are hyPOmetabolic |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| protein deficiency w/ painless pitting edema. often happens when babies start on formula and their mothers dilute the formula. presents with fatigue and depigmentation |
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Term
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Definition
| acute / calorie deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic / protein deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| both acute and chronic, both protein and calorie deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| deficit in weight for height |
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Term
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Definition
| deficit in height for age |
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Term
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Definition
| when a child's growth chart follows the curve and then dives down across at least 2 channels |
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Term
| significant-severe percent weight loss |
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Definition
| a wk - 2%, month - 5%, 3 months - 7.5%, 6 months - 10% |
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Term
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Definition
| not sensitive to acute changes (body water, rapid weight change etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what's most useful in determining a patient's body composition? |
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Definition
| pre-illness/injury weight and weight history |
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Term
| serum hepatic proteins / halflives |
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Definition
| albumin (19 days), transferrin (9 days), prealbumin (2-3 days), retinol binding protein (12 hours). ALL negative acute-phase reactants. |
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Term
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Definition
| have poor outcomes (strong predictor of postoperative 30 day mortality), but providing nutrition may not help. the score is hard to interpret (based both on undernutrition and illness effects) |
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Term
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Definition
| binds and transports small molecules, maintains oncotic pressure. elevated in dehydration, low in chronic unstressed malnutrition and protein-losing enteropathy |
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Term
| serum hepatic proteins that are altered in liver disease |
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Definition
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Term
| serum hepatic proteins that are altered in kidney failure |
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Definition
| albumin, prealbumin, retinol binding protein |
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Term
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Definition
| iron-binding protein. elevated in iron deficiency, chronic blood loss, pregnancy. decreased in cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy, diet protein deficiency. |
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Term
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Definition
| thyroxine-binding protein. highly sensitive to dietary deprivation; used to monitor response to nutritional therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
| bound to prealbumin; vitamin A transport. decreased with vitamin A deficiency, used to monitor response to nutritional therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
| general marker of infection and inflammation. predictor of recovery in ICU, inversely related with prealbumin |
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Term
| nutrional risk, no inflammation |
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Definition
| starvation-related malnutrition |
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Term
| nutritional risk + mild inflammation |
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Definition
| chronic-disease related malnutrition |
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Term
| nutritional risk + marked inflammation |
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Definition
| acute disease or injury related malnutrition |
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Term
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Definition
| check overall appearance, oral cavity, do abdominal exam. check for edema, jaundice, triceps fat pads, prominence of rib cage, hollowing of temples or interosseous muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| skin with decreased turgor remains elevated after being pulled up and released |
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Term
| patient-generated subjective global assessment (5) |
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Definition
| weight loss, nutrient intake, nutrition impact symptoms, functioning, physical exam |
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Term
| subjective global assessment is more ____ than ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| hospitalized patients at nutritional risk |
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Definition
| diarrhea, malabsorptive disorders, cancer with ongoing treatment, inflammatory bowel disease, long ICU stay (more than 5 days), advanced age, hepatic/renal failure, cognitive dysfunction, sepsis, inability to eat (because of procedure done) within 5-7 days |
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