Shared Flashcard Set

Details

8th Science-Genetics
Chapters 3-5
27
Science
8th Grade
05/03/2010

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
chromosomes
Definition
Genes are located on structures called ________________.
Term
Gregor Mendel
Definition
_______________ is known as the father of genetics.
Term
meiosis
Definition
The process in which a parent cell divides twice to produce sex cells is called ______________.
Term
Different forms of a gene are called
Definition
alleles.
Term
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is
Definition
homozygous
Term
If you were a geneticist and you saw the notation “Tt,” what would it mean?
Definition
one dominant / one recessive allele.
Term
If you were a geneticist and you saw the notation “Tt,” what would it mean?
Definition
one dominant / one recessive allele.
Term
If you were a geneticist and you saw the notation “Tt,” what would it mean?
Definition
one dominant / one recessive allele.
Term
In genetics, physical appearance is called
Definition
phenotype.
Term
A mutation is
Definition
any change in an organism's DNA
Term
A homozygous black guinea pig (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white guinea pig (bb). What is the probability of their offspring having black fur? *Make a Punnett square to check your work.
Definition
The offspring would be Bb, Bb, Bb, Bb; therefore, they would all be black (100%).
Term
When sex cells combine, they each contribute
Definition
½ the normal number of chromosomes.
Term
Genotype refers to an organism’s
Definition
genetic makeup.
Term
meiosis
Definition
The # of chromosomes is reduced by ½ to form sex cells.
Term
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait is called
Definition
hybrid
Term
What does the notation TT mean to geneticists?
Definition
two dominant alleles
Term
Factors that control traits are called
Definition
genes.
Term
If you were a geneticist and you saw the notation “tt,” it would mean
Definition
two recessive alleles.
Term
A Punnett square shows
Definition
all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross.
Term
A heterozygous organism has
Definition
two different alleles for a trait.
Term
Probability is
Definition
the likelihood that a particular event will occur.
Term
Physical characteristics that are studied in genetics are also called
Definition
traits
Term
W=white, w=purple
If Ww and ww cross, what percent will have purple flowers? (Check with Punnett Square)
Definition
The offspring would be Ww, Ww, ww, ww;therefore, there would be a 50% chance the offspring would be purple.
Term
When W=white and w=purple, which is the dominant allele?
Definition
W is dominant (white)
Term
Know and Practice with Punnett Squares.
Definition
Know and practice with Punnett Squares.
Term
an organism's physical appearance
Definition
phenotype
Term
If a _____________ allele is present, its trait will appear in the organism
Definition
dominant
Supporting users have an ad free experience!