Term
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Definition
| Natural, solid earth materials made up of minerals |
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Term
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Definition
| Igneous, Metamorphic and Sedimentary. Classified by how they are formed. |
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Term
Molten rock inside the earth?
Molten rock on the earth's surface? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Forms when molten rock cools and solidifies. Has crystals, gas bubbles, no layers.
Ex. basalt (Hawaiian Islands), obsidian |
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Term
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Definition
| Cools INSIDE the earth (cools slower/larger crystals) |
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Term
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Definition
| Cools OUTSIDE on the earth's surface (cools faster/smaller crystals) |
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Term
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Definition
Forms deep under the surface from heat and pressure (chemical change) inside the earth. Has layers (foliations) and crystals.
Ex. gneiss, marble, slate |
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Term
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Definition
Forms on the surface when sediments (rock particles- sand, mud, pebbles, minerals) compact and cement. Has layers and can contain fossils.
Ex. sandstone, limestone, coal |
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Term
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Definition
| A natural process that slowly breaks apart or changes rock. Heat, water, wind, living things, and other natural forces cause weathering. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fossils used to define geologic time periods (ammonites) |
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Term
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Definition
| Rocks change from one type to another over millions of years. |
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Term
Metamorphic->Melts->Magma->Cools->Igneous
Igneous->Melts->Magma->Cools->Igneous |
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Definition
Igneous->Weather/Erodes->Sediment
Metamorphic->Weather/Erodes->Sediment
Sedimentary->Weather/Erodes->Sediment |
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Term
| Sediment->Compacts/Cements->Sedimentary |
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Definition
Sedimentary->Heat/Pressure->Metamorphic
Igneous->Heat/Pressure->Metamorphic |
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Term
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Definition
Made of igneous rock-->
carry metamorphic or sedimentary rock-->
subducted back into earth |
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Term
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Definition
| Within a sequence of layers of. sedimentary rock, the oldest layer is at the bottom and. each layer above gets progressively younger. |
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Term
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Definition
| Water, wind, and other natural forces cause rocks and earth to wear away. These forces also move bits of rock and earth to new places. |
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