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| patterns of star groups - 88 named constellations |
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| true brightness of the star; the amount of light it actually gives off |
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| the brightness of the star as seen from earth |
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| the apparent shift in position of an object when viewed from 2 different points - can measure the parallax of close stars to determine their distance from Earth |
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| distance light travels in a year |
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| when two stars orbit each other |
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galaxies are grouped together
many contain thousands of galaxies |
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a large cloud of gas and dust between exisitng stars ;
may be the beginning of a star |
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| a late stage in the life cycle of a large star, when the core reaches high temperatures ,heavy elements form by fusion and the outer layer expands |
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| sudden brightness of a star |
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| the small, dense remains of a high-mass star after a supernova |
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the remains from a massive star(supernova) after it dies
is so dense that not even light can escape its gravity field |
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| a large group of stars, gas and dust held together by gravity |
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| "our" galaxy , made up of our solar system and about 200 billion stars |
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| most common type,football shaped or spherical |
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| have spiral arms winding outward from center |
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| have spiral arms extending from a large bar that passes through the center of the galaxy |
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| have many different shapes, are smaller and less common than the other types |
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| most widely accepted theory explaining the formation of the universe; the universe began as a violent explosion from which the universe continues to expand out o |
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| 90% of all stars are main sequence stars; most are small red stars |
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| extremely bright but not hot |
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| get brighter and fainter in a regular pattern |
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| a developing star not yet hot enough to engage in nuclear fusion |
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| tells us that the most distant galaxies are moving away fromus many times faster than those nearby |
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| are the remains of low-mass and medium-mass stars |
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| a rapidly spinning neutron star that produces radio waves |
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