Term
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Definition
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Term
| compartments of body water, percentages |
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Definition
| intracellular (60%), extracellular: interstitial (20%), plasma (20%). all 300 mOsm/L. |
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Term
| eliminate harmful substances (3) |
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Definition
| urea (from breakdown of AAs), urobilin (from breakdown of RBCs), some drugs (important for drug dosing - kidney functions declines with age) |
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Term
| 3 hormones the kidney produces |
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Definition
| erythropoietin, renin, 1,25-dihydrocholecalciferol |
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Term
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Definition
| RBF = 25% cardiac output = 1200 ml/min (for two kidneys) |
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Term
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Definition
| RPF = 660 ml/min (for two kidneys) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what determines overall osmolarity of urine |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| blood pressure forces fluid into bowman's space |
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Term
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Definition
| in glomerulus, non-selective (although larger particles, like albumin and blood, stay behind), amount of filtration dependent upon blood flow and pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| glomerular filtration rate = 10% RBF = 120ml/min or 200L/day |
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Term
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Definition
| in convoluted tubules, loop, collecting ducts. selective and regulated for water, sugar, AAs, and sometimes ions like sodium and magnesium. by passive diffusion and active transport. under hormonal and sympathetic control. |
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Term
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Definition
| in same places as reabsorption, and also selective and regulated for certain substances. entirely active transport: organic acids/bases, K+, some drugs (penicillin, morphine) |
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Term
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Definition
| the volume of plasma cleared of a substance (X) per unit time = Cx. example: RPF = 660, to clear 10% is Cx = 66ml/min. |
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Term
| albumin's clearance and conc. in urine |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| filtered but heavily reabsorbed. Cx = 0, [glucose in urine] = 0, [renal artery]=[renal vein] |
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Term
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Definition
| filtered, not reabsorbed, very weakly secreted. [renal artery]>[renal vein], [urine]>[plasma], Ccr = 1.1GFR. this measurement is often used to estimate GFR |
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Term
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Definition
| byproduct of muscle metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| filtered and strongly secreted. Cpah = RPF = 660ml/min. you can give patients this and measure clearance to determine RPF. Cpah>GFR, [urine]>plasma, [renal artery]>[renal vein] |
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Term
| _% people show decline in GFR with age (how much) |
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Definition
| 80%, 1ml/min/year after age 40 |
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Term
| lean muscle mass decreases, so |
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Definition
| creatinine production decreases |
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Term
| decrease in Cr production can mask _ if only [Cr] is measured |
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Definition
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Term
| what do you need to measure creatinine conc. in elderly patients |
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Definition
| 24 hours urine collection and a blood sample |
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Term
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Definition
| conc. substance X in urine |
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Term
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Definition
| conc. substance in plasma |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how does increasing water intake affect GFR? |
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Definition
| it doesn't. blood pressure remains constant, despite water intake. if [U]x increases, then V dot decreases. |
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