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文言文
文言文
784
Language - Chinese
Undergraduate 3
11/02/2010
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Term
人
 Definition
rén (N) person; humankind [1]
Term
又
 Definition
yòu (Adv) also, again, further [2]
Term
乃
 Definition
năi (Conj) subsequently [linking two verbal phrases]; much like ér 而, but with a greater sense of time succession; (Pronoun) you; (Copula) to be [used for emphasis, conveying sense of “is precisely,” much like jí 即] [6]; (Conj) equivalent to zé 則, in the sense of, “well . . .” [12]
Term
力
 Definition
lì (N) effort, strength [7]
Term
入
 Definition
rù (V) to enter [7]
Term
子
 Definition
zǐ (N) child, son, youth; an honorific form of address, equivalent to, “You, Sir”; an honorific form of reference: “the Master” [1]; (Pronoun) mildly honorific second person pronoun: “You, sir” [3]; zì (V) to treat as one’s child [12]
Term
也
 Definition
yĕ (Particle) yĕ is affixed to close of an equational sentence to indicate that the sentence has the semantic form: “X is Y”; yĕ also appears in mid-sentence, where its function as a stressed pause often indicates the close of a topic phrase (a sentence-opening phrase that might be thought of as preceded by an “as for” and followed by a predicate-comment) [1]
Term
山
 Definition
shan mountain [1g] [3]
Term
干
 Definition
gan (N) spear [1g]
Term
大
 Definition
dà (Adj/SV) big [1g / 2]
Term
小
 Definition
xǐao (SV) small [1g]
Term
已
 Definition
yǐ (SV) to be finished [distinguish from jǐ 己: self] [1]; (Adv) already, truly [7]
Term
亡
 Definition
wáng (V) to perish [2]; (V) to disappear [12]
Term
士
 Definition
shì (N) a member of the lower patrician ranks, sometimes translated as “knight” or “scholar” [3]
Term
上
 Definition
shàng (Adj/SV) high, top; (Prep) above [3]; (N) one in a superior position, the upper [5]; (V) to rise [13]
Term
下
 Definition
xìa (Prep) below; (N) one in a subordinate position, the lower [5]; (V) to come down, to fall [7]; (V) to descend, to dismount [13]
Term
土
 Definition
tŭ (N) land, soil [5]
Term
弓
 Definition
gong (N) an archer’s bow [6]
Term
于
 Definition
yú (Prep.) a variant graph for 於[6]
Term
夫
 Definition
fu (N) a husband [7]
Term
久
 Definition
jǐu (Adv) for a long time, (SV) to be of long duration [7]
Term
己
 Definition
jǐ (Pronoun) oneself [9]
Term
夕
 Definition
xì (N) evening [9]
Term
刄
 Definition
rèn (N) the edge of a blade [10]
Term
凡
 Definition
fán (Adnoun) in all cases [of X], generally for all [X] [10]
Term
仁
 Definition
rén (N) a comprehensive Confucian ethical virtue: “humaneness”; (Adj/SV) humane [1]
Term
之
 Definition
zhi (Particle) (1) zhi creates noun phrases in much the way that MC de 的 creates them. It most commonly binds two elements, the second of which functions as the root noun and the first of which functions to modify that noun. (2) zhi functions as a pronoun, substituting for noun-objects of verbs. [1]; (V) to go to, to reach [12]
Term
曰
 Definition
yue (Verb) to say. Yue precedes direct quotations and is the most common quotative, like English “said” or Modern Chinese [MC] shuo 說 [1]; (Particle) in The Book of Poetry, this word is used as a metric filler without meaning [4]
Term
心
 Definition
xin (N) the heart; the mind; the “heart-mind” [1]
Term
不
 Definition
bù (Adv) negative adverb (as in MC); bù precedes verbs but not nouns. [1]
Term
水
 Definition
shǔi (N) water, river [1g]
Term
戈
 Definition
ge (N) halberd [1g]
Term
犬
 Definition
qǔan (N) hound(s) [1]
Term
牛
 Definition
níu (N) ox, cow [1g]
Term
王
 Definition
wáng (N) a king [N.B. Pronounced wàng: (V) to act as a king; to treat as a king] [1]
Term
天
 Definition
tian (N) heaven, the sky; (Adj) divine [2]
Term
公
 Definition
gong (N) a patrician title, often rendered “duke”; an honorific form of address, “You, My Lord.” [2]; (Pronoun) an honorific form of address: you, Sir (may be modified by a surname; “X Gong”) [12]
Term
夫
 Definition
fu (N) man; husband. When used as a noun, fu rarely occurs alone; it is usually the first or second element of a binome [2]; (Particle) an initial particle, sometimes considered a weak demonstrative (“that”), but best left untranslated [5]
Term
今
 Definition
jin (N) the present day; (Adv) now, nowadays [2]
Term
比
 Definition
bì (V) to stand beside, to cleave to [2], bǐ (CV) in the manner of, like, on a par with; (V) to compare [12]
Term
文
 Definition
wén (Adj) cultivated, patterned; (N) pattern, culture, written script, text [3]
Term
中
 Definition
zhong (Adj/SV) central; (N) the center [3]; (V) to reach a central stage [5]; zhòng (V) to hit the center, to hit the mark; (SV) to be on target (N.B. Distinguish from zhong 中, cognate in nominal and prepositional uses) [9]
Term
孔
 Definition
kǒng (N) Surname [4]
Term
氏
 Definition
shì (N) family, clan, lineage; clan leader; title (literally, “one surnamed X”; similar to Mr./Sir) [4]; also used as a suffix to a woman’s natal lineage name: e.g., 姬氏: Woman Ji [6]
Term
父
 Definition
fù (N) father [5]
Term
云
 Definition
yún (V) to say [often used for indirect quotations]; (Particle) “end quote” [5]; (Particle) used to fill in meter without possessing meaning [some interpret this usage as carrying a meaning of “in such a way”] [7]
Term
少
 Definition
shào (SV) young [6], shăo (SV) few [6]
Term
日
 Definition
rì (N) the sun, a day, time; (Adv) day by day [7]
Term
月
 Definition
yùe (N) the moon, a month [7]
Term
反
 Definition
făn (V) to return [7]
Term
戶
 Definition
hù (N) a door [7]
Term
引
 Definition
yǐn (V) to draw towards one; to stretch out; to attract [7 / 12]
Term
止
 Definition
zhǐ (V) to stop [7]
Term
化
 Definition
hùa (N) transformation; (V) to transform; to be transformed [7]
Term
太
 Definition
tài (Adj) great, ultimate [8]
Term
勿
 Definition
wù (Auxiliary Verb) do not; wù frequently functions as a fusion of wú 毋 + zhi 之: “do not Verb it.” [8]
Term
友
 Definition
yǒu (N) friends; (V) to befriend [8]
Term
及
 Definition
jí (Conj) and [linking two nouns]; (V) to reach to, to catch up with [8]; (V) to have time to [10]
Term
方
 Definition
fang (Adv) just now (in the past); (Adj/SV) square; (N) a direction, a region [9]; (N) a method, a prescription [10]
Term
予
 Definition
yú (Pronoun) I (humble or false-humble form); apparently identical with pronoun yú 余 (N.B. The character is a loan; its primary function is to denotes 予yǔ (V) to give) [9]
Term
內
 Definition
nèi (Prep) within, in [10]
Term
分
 Definition
fen (V) to divide, to part [13]
Term
勾
 Definition
gou (N) a hook (also written 句) [14]
Term
弗
 Definition
fú (Adverb) negative adverb preceding transitive verb: “not.” Fú is actually a “fusion” of two characters, bù 不 (not) and zhi 之 (as the direct obj.: “it”). Thus fú-Verb is often rendered by “not Verb it.” [1]
Term
由
 Definition
yóu (V) to proceed from/through/along [1]; (V) to emit [archaic] [4]
Term
他
 Definition
tuo (N) an other; (Adj) other [1]
Term
必
 Definition
bì (Adv) certainly, necessarily, must [2]; (SV) to be necessary [4]
Term
以
 Definition
yǐ (Coverb) in order to, on account of, by means of; (V) to take [2]
Term
用
 Definition
yòng (V) to employ, use; (CV) functionally equivalent to yǐ 以 [2]; (Adv) thereby [5]; (N) expenses, expenditures [10]
Term
古
 Definition
gǔ (N) antiquity; (Adv) of old; (Adj/SV) ancient [2]
Term
出
 Definition
chu (V) to go out, to emerge, to appear (publicly [often, in order to act]) [3]; (V) to take out, to bring out [12]
Term
召
 Definition
zhào (V) to summon (especially as in a ruler summoning a subject) [3]
Term
乎
 Definition
hu (Particle) interrogative particle [4]; (Prep) with regard to (hu seems to be a “dialect” variant of yú 於, and can perform similarly plastic functions with varied English equivalents) [8]
Term
正
 Definition
zhèng (V) to rectify, to set straight [4]
Term
可
 Definition
kĕ (Auxiliary Verb) to be able to, to be permissible to [4]; (SV) to be permissible; (CV) to be able to . . . [6]
Term
生
 Definition
sheng (V) to give birth, to be born; (Adj) living; (SV) alive [4]
Term
未
 Definition
wèi (Adv) not yet, never yet [4g];(N.B.: 未嘗wèicháng: never in the past) [10]
Term
尼
 Definition
ní (N) name of a mountain is the state of Lǔ (Níqiu 尼丘), where Confucius (孔子; 仲尼) was born [5]
Term
丘
 Definition
qiu (N) a flat topped hill [5]
Term
民
 Definition
mín (N) people, the people [of a state], the mass of commoners [5]
Term
本
 Definition
bĕn (N) a root, a root cause; (Adv) at root, initially, basically, essentially [5]; (N) edition of a text [11]
Term
立
 Definition
lì (Trans. V) to set up, to establish; (Intrans. V) to stand [5]
Term
世
 Definition
shì (N) generation [the graph is a variant of 30 (years)], social world [5]
Term
平
 Definition
píng (SV) to be at peace, to be level, flat, equal; (V) to make even, peaceful, level [5]
Term
申
 Definition
shen (V) to extend [6]
Term
去
 Definition
qù (SV) to be distant; (IV) to depart; (TV) to depart from; to keep a distance from [7]
Term
且
 Definition
qǐe (Conjunction) also, moreover [qǐe links two verb or SV phrases] [7]; (Adv) to be about to (equivalent in this sense to jiang 將) [12]
Term
白
 Definition
bái (Adj/SV) white [also read bó] [7]
Term
令
 Definition
lìng (CV) to cause [something to Verb / be SV] [7]
Term
加
 Definition
jia (V) to add, to increase [in some cases, as in our text, jia loosely denotes activity that yields some sort of accrued result]; (SV adjunct) when jia precedes an SV, it gives the SV a verbal force: 加高to become tall/taller; 加白 to become white/whiter [7]
Term
石
 Definition
shí (N) stone, a rock [7]
Term
玉
 Definition
yù (N) jade [8]
Term
皮
 Definition
pí (N) skin, pelts [8]
Term
失
 Definition
shi (V) to lose [8]
Term
市
 Definition
shì (N) a market place [8]; (V) to buy at market [12]
Term
凶
 Definition
xiong (N) ill fortune; (Adj/SV) inauspicious, baleful, evil [8]
Term
司
 Definition
si (V) to supervise [8]
Term
代
 Definition
dài (N) era; (V) to substitute for; to alternate [8]
Term
史
 Definition
shǐ (N) history, scribe, historian [8]
Term
末
 Definition
mò (N) a branch tip, an endpoint, an inessential consequence [9]
Term
玄
 Definition
xúan (Adj/SV) dark, black, mysterious [9]
Term
矢
 Definition
shǐ (N) an arrow; (V) to swear an oath [9]
Term
甲
 Definition
jǐa (N) a shell (generally of a turtle), armor [10]
Term
仙
 Definition
xian (N) an immortal being; (Adj/SV) immortal [10]
Term
功
 Definition
gong (N) merit, accomplishment [11]
Term
旦
 Definition
dàn (N) dawn [11]
Term
乏
 Definition
fá (Adj/SV) to be lacking (in something, in things); (N) a lack [12]
Term
左
 Definition
zǔo (N) left [12]
Term
右
 Definition
yòu (N) right [12]
Term
外
 Definition
wài (N/Adnoun) outside, outside of [12]
Term
幼
 Definition
yòu (Adj/SV) young; (N) a youth, one’s childhood [12]
Term
只
 Definition
zhǐ (Adv) only, merely [13]
Term
有
 Definition
yǒu (V) to possess; to exist (often translated as “there are”; “there was”; etc.) [1]
Term
而
 Definition
ér (Conjunction) Links two verb phrases. Often rendered literally as “and under these conditions,” ér is often functionally equivalent to “and,” but never links nouns or noun phrases. (The force of ér may sometimes be captured by adding; “-ing” to the verb in the first phrase and resuming the subject before the second phrase, though that is not appropriate in this case.) At times, ér carries a sense of “contrary to expectations,” which pertains to its first three instances in this passage, and most emphatically to the third. [1]; (Pronoun) you [11]
Term
汝
 Definition
rǔ (Pronoun) you [this is the most common second person pronoun] [1]
Term
多
 Definition
duo (SV) much, many; (Adv) often, a lot [1]; (SV) to be many, to be plentiful with . . . [6]
Term
行
 Definition
xìng (N) conduct [1], xíng (V) to act, to go, to walk, to leave, to travel [1]
Term
此
 Definition
cǐ (Pronoun) this, these [2]
Term
亦
 Definition
yì (Adv) also, surely, indeed [2]
Term
向
 Definition
xìang (V) to face towards; (Adv) in the past, just now [3]
Term
如
 Definition
rú (V) to resemble, to be like, to perform, to manage [3]; (V) to travel to [6]; (Pronoun) you [9]
Term
次
 Definition
cì (Adv) in turn, next [3]
Term
至
 Definition
zhì (V) to reach to; (Adj) utmost [3]; (Adj) utmost; (IV) to reach [to an endpoint] [5]
Term
伐
 Definition
fa (V) to attack in war [3]
Term
任
 Definition
rèn (N) a surname; (V) to allow; to occupy an office [3]
Term
自
 Definition
zì (Prep) from [4]; (Adv) oneself, spontaneously, naturally [10]
Term
名
 Definition
míng (N) name, word [4]; (V) reputation, fame [7]
Term
仲
 Definition
zhòng (N) common name, second born son [5]
Term
好
 Definition
hào (V) to like, to enjoy [5], hăo (V) to be skilled (at something) [12]
Term
先
 Definition
xian (Adj) former [5]
Term
母
 Definition
mǔ (N) mother [5]
Term
聿
 Definition
yù (Particle) used in poetry to fill meter (it possesses neither meaning nor syntactical function) [5]
Term
耳
 Definition
ĕr (N) an ear [6]; (Terminal particle) fusion of éryǐ [9]
Term
安
 Definition
an (V) to be content with, to be comfortable with [6]; (Interrogative particle) how, wherein [7]
Term
死
 Definition
sǐ (N) death; (V) to die [6]; (V) to die for something [11]
Term
老
 Definition
lăo (SV) to be old [6]; (N) an elder [8]
Term
各
 Definition
gè (Adv) each individually [7]
Term
在
 Definition
zài (V) to be present [at], to be located at [7]
Term
衣
 Definition
yi (N) clothing, tunic (upper garment) [7], yì (V) to put on clothes [12]
Term
早
 Definition
zăo (Adv/SV) early [7]
Term
考
 Definition
kăo (SV) to be long lived; (N) one’s late father [N.B. These senses are entirely distinct from the verbal meaning of kăo: “to search into”] [7]
Term
字
 Definition
zì (N) written characters [8]
Term
次
 Definition
cì (V) to be next in place [8]
Term
吉
 Definition
jí (N) good fortune; (Adj/SV) auspicious [8]
Term
守
 Definition
shǒu (V) to guard, to protect, to hold on to (as property) [8]
Term
后
 Definition
hòu (Prep) after [identical to 後] [9]
Term
仰
 Definition
yăng (V) to look up [9]
Term
曳
 Definition
yì (V) to drag [10]
Term
司
 Definition
si (V) to supervise, to manage [10]
Term
羊
 Definition
yáng (N) sheep [11]
Term
伏
 Definition
fú (V) to lie in concealment, to prostrate oneself, to submit to [penalties] [11]
Term
存
 Definition
cún (V) to protect, to preserve, to store [11]
Term
妄
 Definition
wàng (Adv) recklessly, blindly [11]
Term
收
 Definition
shou (V) to collect, to harvest [12]
Term
吏
 Definition
lì (N) a minor official, a runner [12]
Term
合
 Definition
hé (V) to join, to put together, to cooperate [12]
Term
因
 Definition
yin (Adv) accordingly [12]
Term
充
 Definition
chong (V) to fill, to be full [12]
Term
休
 Definition
xiu (V) to rest, to cease [12]
Term
光
 Definition
guang (N) light, gleam [13]
Term
竹
 Definition
zhú (N) bamboo [13]
Term
池
 Definition
chí (N) a pool [13]
Term
同
 Definition
tóng (Adv) together, likewise; (Adj/SV) same, identical [13]
Term
交
 Definition
jiao (V) to join together, to exchange; (Adv) together [13]
Term
伴
 Definition
bàn (V) to accompany as a friend [13]
Term
永
 Definition
yǒng (Adv) forever [13]
Term
式
 Definition
shì (N) style; (V) here, to lean on a chariot rail (a sign of respect) [with this meaning, the character is more fully written 軾] [14]
Term
求
 Definition
qíu (V) to search; to beg [1]
Term
矣
 Definition
yǐ (Particle) terminates verbal sentences, indicating completion of action. Whereas yĕ 也 is the most common terminus of equational sentences built of noun phrases, yǐ is the most common terminus of sentences that conclude with verbal phrases. (It is not unusual for yĕ to be used in place of yǐ, but the reverse does not appear to occur.) [1]
Term
足
 Definition
zú (Adj/SV) sufficient, adequate, enough [1]; (N) a foot [12]
Term
吾
 Definition
wú (Pronoun) I (used principally in the Subject position) [2]
Term
君
 Definition
jun (N) a ruler; (Pronoun) you (as in, “You, my lord”) [2]; (Pronoun) “You, my ruler”; “you” (respectful); “you, my husband” [3] (cf. 君子[6])
Term
即
 Definition
jí (V) to be precisely (often much like the copula “is,” but with stress), to go to [2]
Term
言
 Definition
yán (V) to speak, to say; (N) word, phrase, saying, teaching [2]; (Particle) in poetry: a metric filler without meaning [7]
Term
身
 Definition
shen (N) body, self, oneself; (Adv) personally, oneself [2]
Term
序
 Definition
xù (N) a preface; (V) to put in order, to write a preface [3]
Term
坐
 Definition
zùo (V) to be seated [3]
Term
何
 Definition
hé (Interrogative adverb) how, why; (Inter. pronoun) what, what sort of [3]; (Intensifying Adv) how SV! [7]
Term
臣
 Definition
chén (N) minister, subordinate to a ruler or grandee; (Pronoun) first person pronoun for subordinates addressing superiors [3]
Term
弟
 Definition
dì (N) younger brother [3]; 弟子dìzǐ (N) disciple [9]
Term
見
 Definition
jìan (V) to see; to receive an inferior in audience [3]; xìan (V) to appear in audience, to cause someone to appear in audience [in later texts, this usage is disambiguated from cognate jìan (to see) by use of the graph 現] [11]
Term
告
 Definition
gào (V) to tell, to report [4]
Term
邦
 Definition
bang (N) a state, a country [close in meaning to gúo 國] [4]
Term
孝
 Definition
xìao (N) filiality; (SV) to be filial [5]
Term
志
 Definition
zhì (N) an intention, an aspiration, the will [6]
Term
我
 Definition
wǒ (Pron) I, me (interchangeable with wú 吾 as a subject marker, but wú is not used as an object of a verb, whereas wǒ frequently plays that role) [6]
Term
伯
 Definition
bó (N) term of address towards an elder brother or a senior [6]
Term
否
 Definition
fǒu (Adv) not so [antonym of rán 然 and shì 是: to be so] [6]
Term
利
 Definition
lì (N) profit, benefit; (V) to benefit [6]; (V) to treat as (for) profit [12]
Term
別
 Definition
bíe (V) to part, to distinguish; (SV) to be parted [7]
Term
里
 Definition
lǐ (N) a distance equal to about one-third of a mile [7]
Term
折
 Definition
zhé (V) to break off, to split [7]
Term
但
 Definition
dàn (Adv) only, singly; however; (Adj) single [7]
Term
努
 Definition
nǔ (V) to exert effort [7]
Term
車
 Definition
ju (N) a cart, a wagon, a chariot (N.B.: WYW pron. differs from MC che) [7]
Term
彷
 Definition
徨 pánghúang (Rhyming binome) to roam in a circle (also written 傍徨) [7]
Term
走
 Definition
zǒu (V) to run, to leave, to go [7]
Term
邠
 Definition
bin (N) a place, probably in the Fen 汾River Valley in Shanxi 山西 [8]
Term
狄
 Definition
dí (N) a non-Chinese people of the north during the Zhou (later, dí refers to any northern non-Chinese adversary) [8]
Term
邑
 Definition
yì (N) a town, a walled settlement, a city; (V) to establish a town or city [8]
Term
岐
 Definition
qí (N) 岐山the name of a mountain in Shănxi 陜西. [8]
Term
初
 Definition
chu (Adv) at first, at the beginning; (Adj) first; (N) the beginning [8]
Term
忘
 Definition
wàng (V) to forget [8]
Term
似
 Definition
sì (V) to resemble, to appear to be [8]
Term
物
 Definition
wù (N) thing, affair [9]
Term
位
 Definition
wèi (N) office, rank, role or status in society [9]
Term
妙
 Definition
mìao (Adj/SV) marvelous [9]
Term
巫
 Definition
wú (N) a shaman [9]
Term
宋
 Definition
sòng (N) name of a Zhou state in modern Hénán 河南Province, name of a dynastic era (960-1279) [9]
Term
余
 Definition
yú (Pronoun) I (humble or false-humble form) [9]
Term
兵
 Definition
bing (N) a weapon, a soldier [10]
Term
步
 Definition
bù (N) a pace, a step; (V) to walk [10]
Term
佛
 Definition
fó (N) the Buddha [10]
Term
作
 Definition
zùo (V) to make, to do, to stand up, to start up [11]
Term
形
 Definition
xíng (N) physical form, shape [11]
Term
沉
 Definition
chén (V) to sink, to be sunk in [12]
Term
扶
 Definition
fú (V) to support (a person to stand or rise), to assist [12]
Term
巵
 Definition
zhi (N) a goblet [12]
Term
成
 Definition
chéng (V) to complete, to make, to accomplish [12]
Term
別
 Definition
bíe (V) to part, to distinguish; (N) a parting [13]
Term
孟
 Definition
mèng (Noun) a surname [1]
Term
舍
 Definition
shĕ (V) to put aside; discard; more normally written as 捨[1], shè (N) dwelling, hut, a guest house, a dormitory for retainers; (V) to dwell, to lodge [12]
Term
其
 Definition
qí (Pronoun) (1) a subordinating pronoun, comparable to “its; his; her”; (2) a simple pronoun “resuming” (referring anew to) a recent antecedent, and thus functionally equivalent to “he/she/it.” [1]; (Particle) when qí appears at the head of a verbal phrase, it sometimes carries a light rhetorical sense suggesting appropriateness, something like “why don’t we . . .” in English. [11]
Term
放
 Definition
fàng (V) to let loose [1]
Term
知
 Definition
zhi (V) to know; to be aware; zhì (N) wisdom [in post-Classical era written: 智] [1]
Term
來
 Definition
lái (V) to come [1g / 4]
Term
往
 Definition
wăng (V) go [1g]
Term
忠
 Definition
zhong (N) loyalty; (Adj/SV) loyal [2]
Term
要
 Definition
yao (V) to control (often coercively), to seek and get (often by coercive means); (N) the waist [2]; (Adj) pivotal, controlling [5]
Term
非
 Definition
fei (Adnoun) negative modifier preceding nouns (etymologically, a fusion of 不bù and 唯wéi, where wéi functions much like a copula, thus resembling Mandarin 不是bù shì) [3]; (Adverb) negative adverb before Stative Verbs; the form 非SV creates a noun-like form that can be rendered in English as "that which is not SV" [6]
Term
長
 Definition
zhăng (Adj/SV) elder, eldest [Cognate: cháng (Adj/SV): long] [3]
Term
直
 Definition
zhí (Adj/SV) straight, straightforward [3]; (Adv) simply, only [10]
Term
侍
 Definition
shì (V) to serve, to be in attendance; (Adv) in attendance [4]
Term
於
 Definition
yú (Prep) a flexible preposition that can serve as: to, at, from, through, etc. [4]
Term
季
 Definition
jì (N) surname; fourth-born; season [4]
Term
使
 Definition
shǐ (Coverb) to order someone to do something, to make something happen [4]
Term
取
 Definition
qǔ (V) to take, to appropriate, to commandeer [4]
Term
易
 Definition
yì (Adv) lightly, carelessly [4]; (Adj/SV) easy, simple; (V) to change; (N) change [8]
Term
定
 Definition
dìng (SV) to be settled, to be fixed [as]; (V) to determine [4]
Term
居
 Definition
ju (V) to dwell [4g]; to be home at liesure [5]
Term
治
 Definition
zhì (V) to regulate, to rule [4g]; (Adj/SV) well governed, well ordered [5]
Term
和
 Definition
hé (SV) to be harmonious; (V) to bring into harmony; (N) harmony [5]
Term
所
 Definition
sǔo (Particle) nominalizing particle [see Grammar 5.3] [5]; (N) a place [13]
Term
受
 Definition
shòu (V) to receive [5]; (V) to receive as a dependent or student [12]
Term
始
 Definition
shǐ (N) a beginning; (V) to begin [5]
Term
事
 Definition
shì (N) affair, matter [1g]; (V) to serve [5]
Term
念
 Definition
nìan (V) to think about, to recall [5]; (V) to bear in mind [6]
Term
卒
 Definition
zú (V) to die [6]
Term
依
 Definition
yi (V) to rely on, to lean on, to stick close to [7]
Term
枝
 Definition
zhi (N) a branch [7]
Term
忽
 Definition
hu (Adv) suddenly; (V) to overlook [7]
Term
金
 Definition
jin (N) metal, bronze, gold [7]
Term
奄
 Definition
yăn (Adv) suddenly [7]
Term
牀
 Definition
chúang (N) bed [7]
Term
房
 Definition
fáng (N) a small house, a room [7]
Term
明
 Definition
ming (Adj/SV) bright [7]; (V) to understand, to bring to light [8]; (V) to make clear [9]
Term
沾
 Definition
zhan (V) to moisten [7]
Term
奇
 Definition
qí (Adj) strange, unorthodox [7]
Term
阻
 Definition
zǔ (V) to obstruct, to block; (SV) obstructed [7]
Term
妾
 Definition
qìe (N) a concubine; (Pronoun) I (humble, used by married women) [7]
Term
免
 Definition
mǐan (V) to evade (some form of evil or punishment) [8]
Term
昔
 Definition
xí (Adv) of old, in the past [8]
Term
林
 Definition
lín (N) woods, a forest [8]
Term
近
 Definition
jìn (V) to approach, to be nearby; (SV) nearby [9]
Term
呼
 Definition
hu (V) to call out, to call (someone) [9]
Term
河
 Definition
hé (N) a river (in Classical texts, hé generally denotes the Yellow River [Húang Hé], other waters and the generic term river being denoted by shǔi 水and chuan 川) [10]
Term
東
 Definition
dong (N) the east; (Adj/SV) east [10]
Term
果
 Definition
gǔo (Adv) in the end, as a result (usually as expected), after all; (N) fruit [10]
Term
命
 Definition
mìng (N) an order, a command, fate; (V) to issue an order [3]; (N) one’s allotted lifespan [10]
Term
法
 Definition
fă (N) laws, codes, ordinances, a model, a mold [11]
Term
吳
 Definition
wú (N) a late Zhou period state east of Chǔ, at the mouth of the Yangtze [11]
Term
延
 Definition
yán (V) to prolong, to invite; to invest (a person with office) [11]
Term
門
 Definition
mén (N) gate (use to refer to a leader’s establishment or a scholar’s teaching tradition) [12]
Term
具
 Definition
jù (N) implements, provisions; (V) to provide [12]
Term
怪
 Definition
gùai (Adj/SV) extraordinary, strange; (V) to take as strange; (N) a strange event [12]
Term
性
 Definition
xìng (N) human nature, a thing’s nature, a person’s disposition; (Adv) by nature [12]
Term
券
 Definition
qùan (N) a written contract slip divided in half, each party retaining one portion [12]
Term
到
 Definition
dào (V) to arrive at [12]
Term
奈
 Definition
nài (V) to deal with something (nài most often occurs in the set phrase nài zhi hé 奈之何, which is equivalent to rú 如 zhi hé: “how can this be handled?”) [12]
Term
固
 Definition
gù (Adv) inherently, from the beginning, definitely, certainly [12]
Term
狗
 Definition
gǒu (N) dog [12]
Term
拊
 Definition
fǔ (V) to stroke, give comfort to; (Adv) comfortingly [12]
Term
迎
 Definition
yíng (V) to meet, to receive, to welcome [12]
Term
夜
 Definition
yè (N) evening, night [13]
Term
味
 Definition
wèi (N) flavor [13]
Term
姓
 Definition
xìng (N) a surname; (V) to be surnamed [13]
Term
況
 Definition
kùang (Adv) how much more so [like MC hékùang 何況] [14]
Term
哀
 Definition
ai (SV) lamentable; (V) to lament; to mourn [1]
Term
哉
 Definition
zai (Particle) an exclamatory termination, replacing yĕ or yǐ. Zai reinforces negative sentiments; as a terminus of interrogative sentences, it creates rhetorical questions. [1]
Term
則
 Definition
zé (Conj) then; and so . . . zé initiates the second phrase of a compound sentence, and most often signals that the entire sentence represents an “if...then...” construction; (N) principle; rule; (V) to emulate; to measure [1]
Term
食
 Definition
shí (V) to eat; (N) food [1], sì (V) to feed (usually written 飼) [12]
Term
者
 Definition
zhĕ (Particle) a nominalizing particle; it is bound to the preceding word and either reinforces that word’s nominal character or transforms it into a noun; it carries no independent meaning [2]
Term
信
 Definition
xìn (N) trust, faithfulness; (Adj/SV) trustworthy; (V) to trust [2]
Term
既
 Definition
jì (Adv) [having] already [2]
Term
甚
 Definition
shèn (SV) extreme, utmost [2]
Term
侯
 Definition
hóu (N) a patrician rank denoting ruler of a major state, conventionally translated as “Marquis.” [3]
Term
皆
 Definition
jie (Adv) all (the most common WYW equivalent of Mandarin dou 都) [3]
Term
封
 Definition
feng (V) to enfoeff; (N) a fief [3]
Term
怒
 Definition
nù (Adj/SV) angry [3]
Term
是
 Definition
shì (Pronoun) this; (Adv) indeed; (SV) to be true [3]; (Adv) accordingly [6]
Term
拜
 Definition
bài (V) to bow one’s head to one’s clasped hands, to honor [3]
Term
若
 Definition
rùo (Conj) if; (V) to resemble [3]; (Pronoun) you [8]
Term
思
 Definition
si (V) to ponder, to think, to reflect, to miss or long for (someone or some place) [3]
Term
或
 Definition
hùo (Pronoun) someone; (Adv.) perhaps [3]
Term
故
 Definition
gù (Subordinating conjunction) therefore, thus; sometimes gù possesses a blunted sense, close to the English narrative word, “so”; (N) reason [4]; (Adj) old, familiar [a loan for gǔ 古, especially in the compounds gùxiang: 故鄉: hometown; gùrén 故人: old friend or acquaintance] [7]; (Adv) on purpose, intentionally, with principal intent to [11]
Term
茍
 Definition
gǒu (Adv) illicitly, deviously; (SV) illicit [4]; (Adv) if, truly; [6]
Term
政
 Definition
zhèng (N) governance [4]
Term
席
 Definition
xí (N) a sitting mat [5]
Term
身
 Definition
shen (N) the body, one’s person [5]
Term
後
 Definition
hòu (Adj) later; (Adv) later on [5]
Term
怨
 Definition
yùan (N) resentment, grievance
Term
重
 Definition
chóng (Adj) doubled; (Adv) once again to V, zhòng: (SV) heavy [6]; (Adj/SV) weighty, important [11]
Term
狐
 Definition
hú (N) a wolf; a surname [6]
Term
突
 Definition
tú (Adv) suddenly; (Adj) sudden [6]
Term
首
 Definition
shǒu (N) the head [6]; (Measure) a quantifier for poems (shi yi shǒu 詩一首: “one poem”) [7]
Term
相
 Definition
xiang (Adv) mutually, reciprocally [7]; (Adj) reciprocal [13]
Term
面
 Definition
miàn (N) a face, a countenance [7]
Term
胡
 Definition
hú (N) non-Chinese tribes of the North; (Adj) “barbarian” [7]; (Interrogative particle) why, how [13]
Term
風
 Definition
feng (N) wind [7]
Term
南
 Definition
nán (N) the South; (Adj) southern [7]
Term
香
 Definition
xiang (N) fragrance, incense [7]
Term
盈
 Definition
yíng (V) to fill up [7]
Term
苦
 Definition
kǔ (Adj/SV) bitter; (N) bitterness; (V) to feel bitter about [7]
Term
客
 Definition
kè (N) guest, traveler, term for a traveling lover [7]; (N) a retainer, retainers [10]
Term
秋
 Definition
qiu (N) autumn [7]
Term
侵
 Definition
qin (V) to invade, to encroach [8]
Term
神
 Definition
shén (N) human spirits; (Adj/SV) miraculous, spirit-like [8]
Term
畏
 Definition
wèi (V) to fear [8]
Term
急
 Definition
jí (Adv) quickly, in agitation; (Adj/SV) agitated [8]; (V) to be anxious about [10]
Term
厚
 Definition
hòu (Adj/SV) thick, generous [9]
Term
待
 Definition
dài (TV) to await; (IV) to wait [9]
Term
政
 Definition
zhèng (N) government, governance, administration [10]
Term
昭
 Definition
zhao (V) to shine, to reflect on [11]
Term
軍
 Definition
jun (N) an army [11]
Term
約
 Definition
yue (N) a code, a promise, a constraint; (V) to tie, constrain, promise [11]; (V) to make an appointment, to arrange, to reserve [12]
Term
卑
 Definition
bei (Adj/SV) humble, lowly [11]
Term
前
 Definition
qían (N) front, the area in front [11]
Term
施
 Definition
shi (V) to implement, to carry out, to bestow [11]
Term
柱
 Definition
zhù (N) a pillar [12]
Term
計
 Definition
jì (V) to calculate, to plan, to determine; (N) a calculation, a plan [12]
Term
負
 Definition
fù (V) to carry on the back, to turn one’s back on, to ignore [12]
Term
契
 Definition
qì (N) a token or talley, a contract [12]
Term
珍
 Definition
zhen (Adj) precious [12]
Term
冠
 Definition
gùan (V) to put on a hat, guan (N) a ceremonial hat [12]
Term
持
 Definition
chí (V) to grasp [12]
Term
臥
 Definition
wò (V) to recline [13]
Term
垂
 Definition
chúi (N) a border area, the edge of some territory; (V) to hang down [13]
Term
亭
 Definition
tíng (N) a pavilion (usually small, often private) [13]
Term
恨
 Definition
hèn (V) to hate, to regret, to be bitter about [13]
Term
盃
 Definition
bei (N) a cup [more frequently written 杯, as in Dù Fǔ poem below] [13]
Term
肯
 Definition
kĕn (Aux. verb) to be willing to V [13]
Term
曷
 Definition
hé (Interrogative particle) why (like 何); why not (like 盍) [13]
Term
音
 Definition
yin (N) note, tone, sound [13]
Term
叛
 Definition
pàn (V) to revolt [13]
Term
剄
 Definition
jǐng (V) to slice one's throat, cut off a head [14]
Term
馬
 Definition
mă (N) horse [1g / 4]
Term
師
 Definition
shi (N) teacher, army, general, populace [1]
Term
倦
 Definition
juàn (SV) to be tired [2]
Term
得
 Definition
dé (V) to obtain [2]; (V) to be able [to] [roughly equivalent to néng 能 in this sense] [7]; (V) to grasp (an idea, a skill, a Dao) [9]
Term
起
 Definition
qǐ (V) to get up, to start up [3]
Term
退
 Definition
tùi (V) to retire (from a place), to retreat [3]
Term
座
 Definition
zùo (N) a seat [3]
Term
孫
 Definition
sun (N) grandson [4]
Term
宰
 Definition
zăi (N) steward, chief-of-staff, manager [4]
Term
悟
 Definition
wù (Intransitive V) to become awakened [here, to a truth] [4]
Term
宮
 Definition
gong (N) a palace, a mansion [4g]
Term
祖
 Definition
zǔ (N) forbears [5]
Term
記
 Definition
jì (N) a written record; (V) to record in writing [6]
Term
晉
 Definition
Jìn (N) a major state of the Spring and Autumn period (722-453 B.C.) [6]
Term
盍
 Definition
hé (Interrogative particle) why not [Verb]? Equivalent to hé bù 何不. [6]
Term
豈
 Definition
qǐ (Interrogative particle) how? Used principally in rhetorical questions, qǐ generally combines with the sentence ending interrogative particles hu 乎 or zai 哉 [6]
Term
家
 Definition
jia (N) household, home [6]; (N) school (of thought) [8]
Term
恭
 Definition
gong (SV) reverent [6]
Term
帶
 Definition
dài (N) a belt, sash [7]
Term
浮
 Definition
fú (V) to float; (SV) floating [7]
Term
捐
 Definition
juan (V) to discard, throw away [7]
Term
害
 Definition
hài (V) to harm [7g]
Term
庭
 Definition
tíng (N) courtyard [7]
Term
條
 Definition
tíao (N) a branch, a strip, an entry in a text [7]
Term
袖
 Definition
xìu (N) sleeve, cuff [7]
Term
迴
 Definition
húi (Adj) revolving, constantly moving (cognate to húi 回: to return, go in a circle) [7]
Term
致
 Definition
zhì (V) to cause to reach [to]; to send [7]
Term
時
 Definition
shí (N) a time, a season; (Adv) timely, repeatedly, at due season [7]
Term
悠
 Definition
you (SV) distant [7]
Term
涉
 Definition
shè (V) to cross [originally applied to crossing rivers and streams] [7]
Term
茫
 Definition
máng (SV) indistinct [7]
Term
草
 Definition
căo (N) grass, grasses [7]; (Adj/SV) coarse [12]
Term
衰
 Definition
shuai (Adj/SV) decrepit; (V) to grow old and decrepit; to degenerate [7]
Term
息
 Definition
xí (V) to rest [7]
Term
珠
 Definition
zhu (N) pearls [8]
Term
耆
 Definition
qí (N) an elder [8]
Term
能
 Definition
néng (Auxiliary Verb) to be able to [8]
Term
效
 Definition
xìao (V) to imitate, to devote [8]
Term
氣
 Definition
qì (N) life breath, bodily or spiritual energy, vapor [8]
Term
笑
 Definition
xìao (V) to smile, to laugh, to laugh at [8]
Term
鬼
 Definition
gǔi (N) ghost (sometimes human, sometimes not) [8]
Term
書
 Definition
shu (N) writing, a letter, a book; (V) to write [8]
Term
真
 Definition
zhen (Adj/SV) actual, genuine [8]
Term
庶
 Definition
shù (Adj/SV) numerous [9]
Term
俯
 Definition
fǔ (V) to look down [9]
Term
格
 Definition
gé (N) a gridwork, a set pattern; (V) to align into a grid, to reach [9]
Term
疾
 Definition
jí (N) an illness; (SV) to be ill [9]; (Adv) quickly [similar to jí 急] [12]
Term
秦
 Definition
qín (N) name of a Zhou state in modern Shănxi Province; name of dynastic era [9]
Term
徒
 Definition
tú (N) a follower; (Adv) vainly [10]; (Adv) merely, by foot [13]
Term
益
 Definition
yì (V) to increase; (N) an increase, an improvement [10]
Term
郢
 Definition
yǐng (N) a city, the capital of Warring States period Chǔ [11]
Term
珪
 Definition
gui (N) a type of ceremonial jade [11]
Term
悅
 Definition
See 說 (14 strokes, [11])
Term
倚
 Definition
yǐ (V) to lean on, to rely on [used much like yi 依] [12]
Term
乗
 Definition
chéng (V) to mount a chariot [12]; to take advantage of [13], shèng: (Measure) measure for chariots [12]
Term
祠
 Definition
cí (N) a sacrifice; (V) to sacrifice [12]
Term
酒
 Definition
jǐu (N) wine [12]
Term
送
 Definition
sòng (V) to send off, to send [13]
Term
夏
 Definition
xìa (N) summer, name of the first Chinese dynasty [13]
Term
軒
 Definition
xuan (N) a window, a chariot [13]
Term
酌
 Definition
zhúo (V) to pour [13]
Term
凌
 Definition
亂 línglùan: (Binome) to move at random or chaotically [13]
Term
徑
 Definition
jìng (N) a path, a side path or shortcut [13]
Term
兼
 Definition
jian (V) to combine; (Adv) to V two objects at once; (Adj/SV) combined [13]
Term
翁
 Definition
weng (N) an old man, a geezer [13]
Term
奚
 Definition
xi (Interrogative particle) why, how [13]
Term
浩
 Definition
hào (N) flood; (Adj/SV) flood-like, as with overflowing force [13]
Term
問
 Definition
wèn (V) to ask [1]
Term
卿
 Definition
qing (N) court rank denoting a high patrician advisor; high minister. [2]
Term
脩
 Definition
xiu (V) to cultivate (a trait or ability in oneself) [also written 修] [2]
Term
從
 Definition
cóng (V) to follow [2]
Term
終
 Definition
zhong (Adv) in the end; (N) an end; (V) to end [2]
Term
欲
 Definition
yù (V) to desire, to wish; (N) desires; [2]; (Adv) to be about to (close in use to modern Mandarin yào 要) [8]
Term
逐
 Definition
zhú (V) to drive out [3]
Term
唯
 Definition
wéi (Adv) only; (Particle) an initial rhetorical particle without meaning [3]
Term
通
 Definition
tong (V) to get through, to reach to [often in sense of communication, as in gaining access to a ruler] [4]
Term
鳥
 Definition
nǐao (N) bird [4g]
Term
教
 Definition
jìao (N) a teaching [4g /14], jiao (V) to teach
Term
強
 Definition
qíang (SV) strong [4g]
Term
q
 Definition
ǐang (V) to compel, coerce [11]
Term
殺
 Definition
sha (V) to kill [4]
Term
假
 Definition
jǐa (V) to borrow [4]
Term
參
 Definition
shen (N) name of a constellation; personal name of Confucian disciple Zeng Shen [5]
Term
敏
 Definition
mǐn (SV) smart, quick on the uptake [5]
Term
莊
 Definition
zhuang (N) a surname, (N) a village [5]
Term
常
 Definition
cháng (Adv) constantly, regularly; (Adj/SV) constant, enduring, regular [5]
Term
將
 Definition
jiang (Adv) to be about to [6]; (V) to hold [13]; jìang (V) to lead [13]
Term
姬
 Definition
ji (N) a surname (the surname of the Zhou Dynasty rulers and the rulers of the state of Jìn) [6]
Term
國
 Definition
gúo (N) a state, the region of a city-state [6]
Term
族
 Definition
zú (N) lineage, clan [6]
Term
涯
 Definition
yá (N) horizon [7]
Term
莫
 Definition
mò (Subject pronoun) no one, none; (Auxiliary verb) unable to; (Imperative Adv) do not [7]; (Neg. particle) not [13]
Term
速
 Definition
sù (Adv) fast, quickly [7]
Term
皎
 Definition
jǐao (Adj/SV) bright [7]
Term
寐
 Definition
mèi (V) to sleep [7]
Term
徘
 Definition
徊 páihúai (Rhyming binome) to pace back and forth [7]; to move aimlessly in circles [13]
Term
旋
 Definition
xúan (V) to circle around; to revolve; to circuit [7]
Term
淚
 Definition
lèi (N) tears [7]
Term
婦
 Definition
fù (N) a wife [7]
Term
巢
 Definition
cháo (N) a nest; (V) to nest (of birds) [7]
Term
華
 Definition
hua (N) flower, húa (Adj/SV) flowery, blooming [7]
Term
患
 Definition
hùan (V) to be alarmed or worried [8]
Term
梁
 Definition
líang (N) a bridge [8]
Term
處
 Definition
chù (N) a place [8g]
Term
鹿
 Definition
lù (N) a deer [8]
Term
深
 Definition
shen (Adj/SV) deep, profound [8]
Term
專
 Definition
zhuan (V) to concentrate [9]
Term
執
 Definition
zhí (V) to grip; to hold; to hold to [9]; (V) to possess (used for signs of high office, derived from the basic meaning of “to grasp”) [11]
Term
移
 Definition
yí (V) to move, to shift, to transfer [10]
Term
粟
 Definition
sù (N) unthreshed grain, rice, millet [10]
Term
接
 Definition
jie (V) to adjoin, to come into contact, to receive [10]
Term
望
 Definition
wàng (V) to gaze, to look in the distance, to look towards, to hope, to expect [10]
Term
從
 Definition
zòng *(V) to travel as a follower, to travel in someone’s party (Cognate with cóng: to follow, to come after) [11]
Term
寇
 Definition
kòu (N) bandits [11]
Term
陳
 Definition
chén (V) to set forth, to describe [11], zhèn (N) a line of people, a battle array [12]
Term
旌
 Definition
jing (N) a banner [11]
Term
貪
 Definition
tan (V) to covet, to be greedy for; (Adj/SV) greedy [11]
Term
孰
 Definition
shú (Interrogative pronoun) who, which [as “who,” shú is used like shéi 誰] [11]
Term
貧
 Definition
pín (Adj/SV) poor, destitute [12]
Term
寄
 Definition
jì (V) to entrust, to depend on [12]
Term
頃
 Definition
qǐng (N) a short space of time, awhile [12]
Term
魚
 Definition
yú (N) fish [12]
Term
習
 Definition
xí (V) to practice, to rehearse; (Adv) be practiced in [12]
Term
責
 Definition
zhài (N) a debt [12]
Term
悉
 Definition
xi (Adv) all [12]
Term
晨
 Definition
chén (N) the morning; (V) to become morning [12]
Term
厩
 Definition
jìu (N) a stable [12]
Term
羞
 Definition
xiu (V) to feel ashamed (of), to be embarrassed (by) [12]
Term
區
 Definition
qu (V) a region, a division, a district [12]
Term
祭
 Definition
jì (N) a sacrifice; (V) to sacrifice [12]
Term
蛇
 Definition
shé (N) a snake [12]
Term
涼
 Definition
líang (Adj/SV) cool [13]
Term
荷
 Definition
hé (N) a lotus [13]
Term
清
 Definition
qing (Adj/SV) clear [13]
Term
掃
 Definition
săo (V) to sweep [13]
Term
無
 Definition
wú (V) to lack [the antonym of yǒu in its sense of “to exist”] [1]; (Adv) do not [a loan for wú 毋] [4]; (Paricle) meaningless metrical word in archaic poetry. [5]
Term
棄
 Definition
qì (V) to discard [2]
Term
善
 Definition
shàn (N) goodness; (Adj/SV) good; (V) to be good at; take to be good [2]
Term
惑
 Definition
hùo (N) confusion about alternatives, perplexity, wrongheadedness [2]
Term
新
 Definition
xin (Adj/SV) new; (V) to make new, to treat as new [2]
Term
堯
 Definition
yáo (N) the name of a legendary sage ruler [2]
Term
舜
 Definition
shùn (N) the name of a legendary sage ruler [2]
Term
黃
 Definition
húang (N) yellow, tan [here, a personal name] [3]
Term
復
 Definition
fù (Adv) again [3]
Term
惡
 Definition
è (Adj/SV) bad, evil [3]; wù (V) to dislike, detest, hate [5], wu (Interrogative particle) why, how, wherein [13]
Term
為
 Definition
wéi (V) to be, to do, to act as (see Grammar 6.5) [3]; (Verb auxiliary) on behalf of [10]
Term
强
 Definition
See 強 (11 strokes [4])
Term
曾
 Definition
zeng (N) surname [5], céng (Adv) to have V’ed in the past [13]
Term
順
 Definition
shùn (V) to follow along with, to comply, to make compliant [5]
Term
敢
 Definition
găn (V) to dare [5]
Term
揚
 Definition
yáng (V) to raise up [5]
Term
雅
 Definition
yă (SV) elegant, “The Elegantiae” (sections of the Book of Poetry) [5]
Term
厥
 Definition
júe (Particle/pronoun) archaic functional equivalent of qí 其 [5]
Term
富
 Definition
fù (N) wealth, prosperity; (Adj/SV) wealthy, prosperous [5]
Term
貴
 Definition
gùi (N) nobility, high status; (Adj/SV) noble, highly valued [5];(V) treat as precious or noble [7]
Term
然
 Definition
rán (Adverbial adjunct) this being so; (SV) to be so; (Adverbial suffix) transforms adjectives into adverbs [see Grammar 6.2] [6]; (Adv) however, but (much like 雖然) [8]
Term
越
 Definition
yùe (N) non-Chinese tribes of the South; a state in Spring and Autumn period China (located in modern Zhejiang); (V) to cross over, exceed [7]
Term
雲
 Definition
yún (N) a cloud [7]
Term
晚
 Definition
wăn (SV) to be late [7]
Term
葉
 Definition
yè (N) a leaf [7]
Term
發
 Definition
fa (V) to emit, to put forth [7]
Term
滋
 Definition
zi (Adj/SV) flourishing, moist [7]
Term
焉
 Definition
yan (Interrogative adverb) where, wherein, in what respect (functions like interrogative an 安; (Terminal prepositional particle) at the end of a sentence yan is a fusion of the words yú zhi 於之: (Prep. phrase) therein. [7]
Term
幃
 Definition
wéi (N) a curtain, a screen, a tent [7]
Term
盛
 Definition
shèng (Adj/SV) flourishing [7]
Term
鄉
 Definition
xiang (N) village [8]
Term
童
 Definition
tóng (N) a youth [8]
Term
猶
 Definition
yóu (Adv) still [like yì 亦in structure: 雖X 亦 Y]; (V) to resemble [8]
Term
情
 Definition
qíng (N) spontaneous feelings or responses [8]
Term
斯
 Definition
si (Pronoun) demonstrative pronoun: “this, these” (equivalent to cǐ 此) [8]
Term
壹
 Definition
yi (Number) one [identical with 一]; (Adv/Adj) all [9]
Term
就
 Definition
jìu (V) to go to [9]
Term
微
 Definition
wéi (Adj/SV) subtle, slight, imperceptible; (N) subtlety [9]
Term
飛
 Definition
fei (V) to fly [9]
Term
復
 Definition
fù (Adv) once again, further [9]; *(V) to return, to restore, to repeat [11]; (V) to gain revenge against [14]
Term
射
 Definition
shè (V) to shoot (arrows); (N) archery [9]
Term
朝
 Definition
zhao (N) morning [N.B. Cognate with cháo: (N) a dynasty, a court] [9]
Term
惠
 Definition
hùi (N) grace, munificence, favor [10]
Term
欺
 Definition
qi (V) to deceive [10]
Term
喻
 Definition
yù (N) a metaphor; (V) to understand, to cause to understand (through a verbal device such as an argument or metaphor) [10]
Term
短
 Definition
dǔan (Adj/SV) short, brief [10]
Term
屠
 Definition
tú (V) to butcher, to slaughter, to massacre [11]
Term
最
 Definition
zùi (Adv) the most [11]
Term
畫
 Definition
hùa (V) to draw, to paint; (N) a painting, a brush stroke [11]
Term
策
 Definition
cè (N) a bamboo strip with text, a record, a volume of a book; (V) to plot [12]
Term
馮
 Definition
féng (N) a surname [12]
Term
給
 Definition
jǐ (V) to provide, to provide for [N.B. pronunciation differs from MC (gĕi)] [12]
Term
愚
 Definition
yú (Adj/SV) ignorant, stupid [12]
Term
開
 Definition
kai (V) to open [12]
Term
畢
 Definition
bì (V) to be completed, to complete; (Adv) finished with (completely done) [12]
Term
朞
 Definition
ji (N) a full period , a full year (also written 期; but distinguish from qí [see below] [12]
Term
飲
 Definition
yǐn (V) to drink [12]
Term
視
 Definition
shì (V) to see, to look (here, find out by looking) [12]
Term
徧
 Definition
bìan (Adv) all, everywhere, completely [12]
Term
掲
 Definition
jie (V) to raise up in the air [12]
Term
賈
 Definition
gǔ (V) to buy; (N) a merchant; (Adv) [to V] like a merchant [12]
Term
散
 Definition
sàn (V) to scatter; (Adj/SV) to be scattered [13]
Term
閑
 Definition
xían (Adj/SV) leisurely, at leisure [13]
Term
敞
 Definition
chăng (Adj/SV) at ease [13]
Term
琴
 Definition
qín (N) a zither [13]
Term
期
 Definition
qí (V) to make an appointment for a specific time, to hope for; (N) a period of time [13], ji See 朞[12 strokes; 12]
Term
勞
 Definition
láo (V) to labor; (N) labor [13]
Term
間
 Definition
jian (Prep) among, amidst [13]
Term
壺
 Definition
hú (N) a pot [13]
Term
須
 Definition
xu (Adv) must; (V) to await [13]
Term
結
 Definition
jíe (V) to tie a knot, to make an agreement [13]
Term
尊
 Definition
zun (N) a goblet [more fully written 樽; N.B. zun 尊: (V) to revere] [13]
Term
御
 Definition
yù (V) to drive a chariot; (Adj/SV) royal, imperial [14]
Term
割
 Definition
ge (V) to cut off [14]
Term
義
 Definition
yì (N) righteousness; (SV) right; fitting; proper [1]; (N) duty, meaning [4]
Term
路
 Definition
lù (N) road [1]
Term
道
 Definition
dào (N) a path; the Way; an art; a tradition of knowledge or behavior [1]; (V) to speak, utter [7]
Term
聖
 Definition
shèng (Adj/SV) sagely; (N) a sage [2]
Term
漢
 Definition
hàn (N) the name of a river (Hànshǔi 漢水) and region of ancient China, borrowed as the name of a dynastic house that ruled 202 B.C. - A.D. 8 and A.D. 25-220 (later borrowed to denote the majority ethnic group of China) [3]
Term
與
 Definition
yǔ (Conj) and, together with; used for linking nouns only (remember, to link verbs, use ér 而) [3]; (V) to give [4]
Term
群
 Definition
qún (N) a flock; (Adnoun) pluralizes nouns, as “the many” [3]
Term
詩
 Definition
shi (N) poetry, The Book of Poetry [4]
Term
慎
 Definition
shèn (V) to be careful [4]
Term
源
 Definition
yúan (N) a source, a spring [4]
Term
亂
 Definition
lùan (Adj/SV) chaotic, unruly; (N) chaos, disorder; (V) to disorder [4]
Term
經
 Definition
jing (N) a classic text, a moral norm, the warp of woven fabric; (V) to traverse, to extend across [5]; (V) to cross, to extend across, to traverse [7]
Term
睦
 Definition
mù (SV) to be friendly, loving [5]
Term
毀
 Definition
hǔi (V) to destroy [5]
Term
傷
 Definition
shang (V) to wound; (N) a wound [5]
Term
滅
 Definition
mìe (V) to extinguish, to destroy a state [5]
Term
弒
 Definition
shì (V) to assassinate [6]
Term
罪
 Definition
zùi (N) a crime, an offense [6]
Term
愛
 Definition
aì (V) to love, to cherish, to value, to begrudge [6]
Term
敬
 Definition
jìng (N) attentiveness, respectfulness; (V) to respect, to treat with alert care; (Adj/SV) to be respectful, to be attentive [6]
Term
萬
 Definition
wàn (Number) 10,000 (a myriad); (Adj) extremely numerous (myriad) [7]
Term
會
 Definition
hùi (V) to meet, to encounter [7], kùai (N) a calculation (an extended meaning of hùi: to come together, probably in the sense of making accounts “match up” [12]
Term
遊
 Definition
yóu (V) to travel, wander [7]
Term
歲
 Definition
sùi (N) a year [7]
Term
飯
 Definition
fàn (N) cooked rice, a meal [7]
Term
感
 Definition
găn (V) to be moved [by] [7]
Term
搖
 Definition
yáo (V) to wave, sway [7]
Term
遇
 Definition
yù (V) to encounter (unexpectedly) [7]
Term
照
 Definition
zhào (V) to shine on [7]
Term
愁
 Definition
chóu (Adj) worried, distressed, depressed [7]
Term
當
 Definition
dang (Adv) ought to, should, dàng (V) to fulfill a function or role [7]; (V) to be suited for a role or for some good [11]
Term
落
 Definition
lùo (V) to fall [7]; to descend; to set (of the sun) [13]
Term
極
 Definition
jí (Adv) extremely; (N) the extreme (of something) [8]
Term
嘆
 Definition
tàn (V) to sigh [also written 歎] [8]
Term
農
 Definition
nóng (N) a farmer, the farmer class, agriculture [8]
Term
過
 Definition
gùo (V) to pass, to overstep; (N) a transgression, a crime; (SV) wrong, in error; (Adj) too, too much [8]; (V) to surpass [12]
Term
意
 Definition
yì (N) ideas, intentions, meaning [9]
Term
楚
 Definition
chǔ (N) name of a major Zhou era state in the mid-Yángzǐ 楊子 River region [9]
Term
嗚
 Definition
呼 wuhu (Exclamation) alas! oh! ahh! woohoo! [9]
Term
填
 Definition
tían (V) to boom like a drum [10]
Term
鼓
 Definition
gǔ (N) a drum; (V) to beat a drum, to encourage, to drum troops to battle [10]
Term
誅
 Definition
zhu (V) to punish by execution [10]; (N) punishment [11]
Term
祿
 Definition
lù (N) stipend, salary [11]
Term
肆
 Definition
sì (N) a stall (in a market) [11]
Term
遂
 Definition
sùi (Adv) subsequently [11]
Term
裝
 Definition
zhuang (V) to pack, load; (N) baggage [12]
Term
載
 Definition
zài (V) to load, carry, transport [12]
Term
想
 Definition
xǐang (V) to think; (N) thoughts [13]
Term
解
 Definition
jǐe (V) to understand [13]
Term
隔
 Definition
gé (V) to separate; (Adj/SV) separated [13]
Term
毀
 Definition
hǔi (V) to destroy, to slander; (N) slander [14]
Term
試
 Definition
shì (V) to try out [14]
Term
劉
 Definition
líu (N) a surname [3]
Term
寡
 Definition
gǔa (SV) few; (N) widow; 寡人gǔarén (Pronoun) First person pronoun reserved for rulers [3]
Term
翟
 Definition
zhái (N) surname [3]
Term
對
 Definition
dùi (Adv) in response; (V) to stand facing [3]
Term
聞
 Definition
wén (V) to hear, to learn [3], wèn (V) to become known [11]
Term
齊
 Definition
qí (N) a feudal state in ancient China [3]; (V) to make equal, to put in order; (SV) even, equal [9]
Term
語
 Definition
yǔ (N) speech, saying, words [3]; (N) a teaching [4], yù (V) to instruct [5]
Term
鳴
 Definition
míng (V) to chirp (as a bird) [4g]; (V) to sing [13]
Term
遠
 Definition
yǔan (Adj/SV) distant [N.B. yùan (V) to keep at a distance (from)] [4]
Term
爾
 Definition
ĕr (Pronoun) you, your [5]
Term
蓋
 Definition
gài (Adv.) Probably; (V) to cover; (N) a cover [6]
Term
圖
 Definition
tú (V) to plan, to plan on behalf of [6]
Term
綠
 Definition
lǜ (Adj/SV) green (yellow-green, as opposed to qing 青: blue-green) [7]
Term
榮
 Definition
róng (N) blossom, glory; (Adj/SV) flourishing, glorious [7]
Term
領
 Definition
lǐng (N) a collar; a neck [7]
Term
裳
 Definition
shang (N) lower garments [also read cháng] [7]
Term
竭
 Definition
jíe (V) to exhaust [8]
Term
說
 Definition
shuo (N) explanation; (V) to explain, to speak [8]; yùe (V) to be pleased [normally written 悅; 說is a cognate variant (reconstructed in Old Chinese as 說*lhot / 悅*lot)] [11]
Term
養
 Definition
yăng (V) to nurture [8]
Term
誠
 Definition
chéng (SV) sincere, ethically genuine; (V) to make ethically genuine; (N) sincerity, ethical authenticity; (Adv) sincerely, truly [9]
Term
疑
 Definition
yí (V) to doubt; to suspect [9]
Term
察
 Definition
chá (V) to investigate into; (SV) insightful [10]
Term
嘗
 Definition
cháng (Adv) once in the past [10]
Term
綦
 Definition
qí (Adj) multicolored (of woven fabric) [11]
Term
歌
 Definition
ge (V) to sing; (N) a song [12]
Term
憂
 Definition
you (N) cares, worries; (V) to be anxious over, to worry [12]
Term
署
 Definition
shù (V) to write one’s name [12]
Term
稱
 Definition
cheng (V) to call, refer to, praise [12]
Term
實
 Definition
shí (V) to fill, to be full; (Adv) truly, in fact; (SV) real, full [12]
Term
奪
 Definition
dúo (V) to grab, to wrest, to seize [12]
Term
漸
 Definition
jìan (Adv) gradually [13]
Term
滴
 Definition
di (V) to drip; (N) a drop [13]
Term
夢
 Definition
mèng (N) a dream; (V) to dream [13]
Term
醅
 Definition
pei (N) unstrained wine [13]
Term
舞
 Definition
wǔ (V) to dance; (N) a dance [13]
Term
盤
 Definition
pán (N) a dish or tray [13]
Term
輕
 Definition
qing (Adj/SV) light in weight; (V) to treat lightly [14]
Term
樂
 Definition
lè (V) to take joy in; (N) joy [2], yùe (N) music [13]
Term
篇
 Definition
pian (N) a chapter in a text [3]
Term
論
 Definition
lùn (N) a doctrine, thesis; (V) to discourse [on some topic] [4]
Term
德
 Definition
dé (N) virtue, character, personal power [5]
Term
髮
 Definition
fă (N) hair [5]
Term
膚
 Definition
fu (N) skin [5]
Term
親
 Definition
qin (N) parent(s), father, those close to one; (V) to become close to [5]; (TV) to stay close to, to treat as a family member [9]
Term
節
 Definition
jíe (N) a section (orig., of bamboo) or passage, rhythm, season, code; (V) to regulate; (Adv) according to rule or division
Term
賜
 Definition
sì (V) to bestow, to make a gift [6]
Term
稽
 Definition
qǐ (V - special use) to knock [the head]; (N.B.: [V] ji: investigate, plan) [6]
Term
餘
 Definition
yú (Number adjunct) and over, and more; (N) a surplus [7]; (Adj/SV) leftover [12]
Term
緩
 Definition
hǔan (SV) loose [7]
Term
壽
 Definition
shòu (SV) to be long lived; (N) longevity [7]
Term
駕
 Definition
jìa (V) to drive (a chariot) [7]; (V) to yoke horses to a chariot, to ride horses; (N) a chariot with horses yoked to it [12]
Term
憂
 Definition
you (V) to be anxious, to worry; (N) cares [7]
Term
誰
 Definition
shéi (Interrogative pronoun) who [also pron. shúi] [7]
Term
幣
 Definition
bì (N) bolts of fabric (an early medium of exchange) [8]
Term
請
 Definition
qǐng (V) to request; (Adv) please [8]
Term
墨
 Definition
mò (N) ink; 墨家the Mohist school [8]
Term
慮
 Definition
lü (V) to deliberate [9]
Term
賤
 Definition
jìan (Adj/SV) low status, cheap [9]
Term
盡
 Definition
jìn (V) to exhaust; (SV) exhausted [10]
Term
燕
 Definition
yan (N) a swallow; name of an Eastern Zhou period state [10]
Term
鄰
 Definition
lín (Adj) neighboring; (N) neighbor, neighborhood [10]
Term
賞
 Definition
shăng (V) to reward; (N) a reward [11]; (V) to appreciate [13]
Term
廢
 Definition
fèi (V) to discard, to cast away [11]
Term
魅
 Definition
mèi (N) a demonic being [11]
Term
暮
 Definition
mù (N) dusk, evening [11]
Term
劍
 Definition
jìan (N) a sword [12]
Term
鋏
 Definition
jía (N) a sword hilt, a sword [12]
Term
彈
 Definition
tán (V) to make a tapping sound, to pluck (as with the string of an instrument) [12]
Term
憒
 Definition
kùi (SV) anxious, fretted [12]
Term
賜
 Definition
sì (V) to give, to present [12]
Term
燒
 Definition
shao (V) to burn [12]
Term
數
 Definition
shù (Pluralizer) a number of, several [12]
Term
霄
 Definition
xiao (N) the middle of the night [13]
Term
影
 Definition
yǐng (N) shadow [13]
Term
蓬
 Definition
péng (N) a bushy plant with pliable stems, used for lattice-work [13]
Term
暫
 Definition
zhàn (Adv) for a brief time, temporarily [13]
Term
醉
 Definition
zùi (Adj/SV) drunk [13]
Term
緣
 Definition
yúan (V) to trace a path, to follow; (CV) on account of [13]
Term
鄰
 Definition
lín (N) a neighbor; (Adj) neighboring, next door [13]
Term
謀
 Definition
móu (V) to plan, to plot; (N) a plot [14]
Term
踐
 Definition
jìan (V) to tread [14]
Term
學
 Definition
xúe (V) to study; to learn [1]
Term
雜
 Definition
zá (Adj/SV) miscellaneous, mixed [3]
Term
謂
 Definition
wèi (V) to refer to as, to characterize [4]; (V) to address someone (as in X 謂 Y 曰： ．．．) [6]
Term
樹
 Definition
shù (N) tree [4g / 7]
Term
儒
 Definition
rú (N) a Confucian; (Adj) Confucian [4]
Term
選
 Definition
xǔan (V) to select
Term
蔽
 Definition
bì (V) to cover, to obscure [7]
Term
餐
 Definition
can (N) a meal [7]; (N) cooked food [13]
Term
駭
 Definition
hài (V) to frighten [7g]
Term
遺
 Definition
wèi (V) to give (as a gift), yí (V) to leave; (Adj) left behind, inherited [7]
Term
隨
 Definition
súi (V) to follow after [7]
Term
獨
 Definition
dú (Adv) alone, only; (SV) alone, independent [7]
Term
諸
 Definition
zhu (Pluralizing adnoun) the various, the many [8]; (Fusion particle) a fusion of zhi 之 and yú 於; as a terminal particle, it is a fusion of zhi 之 and hu 乎 [9]; as in 諸侯zhuhóu: (N) the various lords; a term referring collectively to the rulers of the many states of the late Zhou Dynasty period [11]
Term
踰
 Definition
yú (V) to cross [8]
Term
擇
 Definition
zé (V) to choose, to select [8]
Term
靜
 Definition
jìng (SV) calm, tranquil [9]
Term
戰
 Definition
zhàn (N) warfare; (V) to make war, to go into battle [10]
Term
諼
 Definition
xuan (V) to deceive [12]
Term
諾
 Definition
nùo (Exclamatory adjective) OK (indicates tepid approval) [12]
Term
積
 Definition
ji (V) to accumulate, to store up [12]
Term
舉
 Definition
jǔ (V) to raise up [13]
Term
醒
 Definition
xǐng (Adj/SV) sober, awake; (V) to wake up [13]
Term
頭
 Definition
tóu (N) head [14]
Term
爵
 Definition
jué (N) rank [2]
Term
避
 Definition
bì (V) to avoid (here, to move from) [5]
Term
檀
 Definition
tán (N) sandalwood [6]
Term
雖
 Definition
sui (Adv) Although; 雖然 sui rán: [see Grammar 6.3] [6]
Term
邁
 Definition
mài (V) to set forth [7]
Term
還
 Definition
húan (V) to turn back; to return [7]
Term
擊
 Definition
jí (V) to strike, hit [8]
Term
歟
 Definition
yú (Particle) a final particle signifying a mild question that implies a positive answer; close to MC ba 吧 The character 與is often loaned for this usage. [8]
Term
薄
 Definition
bó (Adj/SV) thin, superficial [9]
Term
韓
 Definition
hán (N) a pre-Qín warring state [10]
Term
鍾
 Definition
zhong (N) a measure of grain [11]
Term
罄
 Definition
qìng (V) to appear completely, to appear in large numbers, to be used up [11]
Term
薛
 Definition
xue (N) a place in Shantung Province [12]
Term
懧
 Definition
nùo (Adj/SV) weak, timid, ineffectual [N.B. the character used here is an alternative character; the proper character for this word is written: 懦] [12]
Term
償
 Definition
cháng (V) to repay a debt [12]
Term
矯
 Definition
jǐao (V) to forge, to pretend to have, to arrogate, to straighten [12]
Term
邀
 Definition
yao (V) to invite [13]
Term
雞
 Definition
ji (N) chicken(s) [also written 鷄] [1]
Term
魏
 Definition
wèi (N) The name of a large patrician state during the Warring States period (453-221 B.C.), located in the Shanxi 山西 region. [3]
Term
難
 Definition
nàn (N) troubles, dangers, hardship [N.B.: cognate with nán: (SV) difficult] [6]
Term
禮
 Definition
lǐ (N) ritual, ceremony, etiquette [6]
Term
歸
 Definition
gui (V) to return home [7]
Term
譚
 Definition
tán (V) to talk [identical with tán 談] [8]
Term
鵠
 Definition
gǔ (N) a bullseye [9]
Term
舊
 Definition
jìu (Adj/SV) old [13]
Term
邈
 Definition
mǐao (Adj/SV) very distant [13]
Term
儲
 Definition
chú (V) to store up [14]
Term
辭
 Definition
cí (V) to apologize to, to bid goodbye to [6]
Term
懷
 Definition
húai (N) the breast, the chest, seat of the heart [here representing the clothing worn over the chest] [7]
Term
攀
 Definition
pan (V) to grasp something and climb up [7]
Term
羅
 Definition
lúo (N) silk, gauze, net; (Adj) silken, gauze-like [7]
Term
獸
 Definition
shòu (N) wild animals [7g]
Term
藤
 Definition
téng (N) name of a small Warring States period dukedom [8]
Term
識
 Definition
shì (V) to know, to recognize [8]
Term
願
 Definition
yùan (Aux Verb) to be willing to, to wish to [11]
Term
類
 Definition
lèi (V) to imitate according to type, to categorize; (N) category, type [11]
Term
謝
 Definition
xìe (V) to apologize, to make excuses, to decline [N.B. generally not “to thank”] [12]
Term
辭
 Definition
cí (N) words; (V) to take leave, to apologize [12]
Term
鼃
 Definition
wa (N) a frog [also written 蛙] [14]
Term
勸
 Definition
quàn (V) to urge, persuade [6]
Term
馨
 Definition
xin (Adj) fragrant [7]
Term
禱
 Definition
dăo (V) to pray [10]
Term
譽
 Definition
yù (V) to praise; (N) praise [14]
Term
獻
 Definition
xìan (V) to present [6]
Term
離
 Definition
lí (SV) to be separated; (V) to depart [7]
Term
顧
 Definition
gù (V) to look at, to turn and look back at [7]
Term
寶
 Definition
băo (N) a treasure [7]
Term
屬
 Definition
zhǔ (V) to call into assembly, to give an order [8], shǔ (V) to belong as a subordinate to, to be of a kind with; to attach to [12]
Term
攜
 Definition
xi (V) to hold or lead by the hand [12]
Term
懼
 Definition
jù (V) to fear; (N) fear [13]
Term
露
 Definition
lù (N) dew [13]
Term
響
 Definition
xǐang (N) an echo; (V) to echo [13]
Term
鷗
 Definition
ou (N) a gull or tern [13]
Term
變
 Definition
bìan (N) change; (V) to change [8]
Term
竊
 Definition
qìe (V) to rob, steal; (Adv) by stealth (polite term for “dared to”) [12]
Term
驅
 Definition
qu (V) to gallop [12]
Term
歡
 Definition
huan (Adj/SV) joyful; (N) joy [13]
Term
顯
 Definition
xǐan (V) to make brilliant; (SV) brilliant [5]
Term
體
 Definition
tǐ (N) one’s stature [5]
Term
讓
 Definition
ràng (V) to abdicate, to cede, to give way [11]
Term
籬
 Definition
lí (N) a bamboo fence [13]
Term
攬
 Definition
lăn (V) to take hold of, to grasp in the hand [7]
Term
觀
 Definition
guan (V) to observe [9]
Term
驪
 Definition
lí (N) a good horse, a black horse [6]
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