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Definition
| examines the influence of social processes on the way people think, feel and behave |
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| a positive or negative evaluative reaction toward a person, object or concept |
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| the durability or impact of an attitude |
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| if it impacts behavior or thoughts |
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Initial impression: initial perceptions make a difference; and have shown strong effects
Asch's study found that a person presented with positive characteristics first are more likely to be liked |
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| the presence of others energizes performance |
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| shared expectation about thoughts, feelings and behaviors; can vary by time and place; culturally sensitive |
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| a set of norms which characterize how people in specific social positions should behave |
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| norms accompanying different roles may clash |
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| the adjustment of people's behavior, attitudes and beliefs to a group |
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| Informational social influence |
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| follow the opinions of those we believe have accurate knowledge and believe hey are doing right |
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| Normative social influence |
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Definition
| conform to obtain rewards that come from being accepted by other people while trying to avoid rejection |
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| Situational influence of behaviors |
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Definition
| see others engaging in a behavior, likely to be influenced by it |
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Definition
A majority of the subjects got at least one answer wrong
When people were alone they got the answer correct, in a group only 20% appeared to remain completely independent in their response |
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Definition
| conformity increased from 5-35% as group size increased, after 5 this stabilized |
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| when someone else disagrees with the group he/she serves as a model and it significantly reduces conformity |
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Term
| When do attitudes have a greater influence over out behaviors? |
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Definition
| when we are aware of them and when they are strongly held |
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Term
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Definition
| the deliberate effort to change or impact one's attitude |
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| Persuasion Norm of reciprocity |
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Definition
| the golden rule; to get you to comply with a request you are given an unsolicited favor or gift |
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| Persuasion Door in the face technique |
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Definition
| persuader makes a large request expecting you to reject and then makes a smaller request believing you will be more likely to comply |
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| Persuasion Foot in the door |
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Definition
| a persuader gets you to comply with a small request and then presents a larger request thinking you will now be more likely to comply |
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Term
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Definition
| the persuader gets you to commit to an action then before you perform it the "cost increases" |
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| a form of compliance that occurs when people follow direct commands, usually from someone in a position of authority |
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Term
| How they could replicate milgram experiment |
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Definition
| They stopped at 150 volts so that the people wouldn't feel as bad and 80% of people that went past 150 went all the way |
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| the principle or practice of unselfish concern for or devotion to the welfare of others |
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Term
| Latane and Darley: Bystander research |
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Definition
Bystander won't help if they don't notice
decide if it is an emergency
if an emergency: intervene or not
intervene regardless of cost |
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| Who is more willing to help |
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Definition
people who are more similar to us
women are more likely to be helped than men
perceived responsibility: more likely to help those who we view as "true victims" |
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Definition
| being near increases likelihood; availability increases attraction |
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Definition
| people tend to opt for those at their same level of attractiveness |
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| Gender differences on attraction |
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Definition
males place more emphasis on physical attraction
women more on social status and financial resources |
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| intensely emotional and physical |
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| deep affection, share emotional intimacy and friendship |
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| efforts to maintain the relationship with difficulties and costs |
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| negative attitudes toward people based on membership in a group |
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| characteristics we attribute to people based on their membership in a group |
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| treat people differently and unfairly based on group affiliation |
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Definition
| people tend to overestimate the number of confirmations of an association between social traits |
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| people tend to overestimate the number of confirmations of an association between social traits |
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Definition
| we attribute out successes to personal factors and out failures to situational forces |
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| Fundamental attribution error |
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Definition
| in contrast to the self-serving bias, we assume others' failures are due to personal or internal factors |
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Definition
| we categorize ourselves as "in group" or "out group" and view out members in more favorable terms |
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| believe those in the "out group" are all the same, although we see the diversity within our own group |
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Definition
| working on a common task or goal is an effective way to reduce in/out group conflict |
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Term
| Informed goal of Psychology |
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Definition
| Learn how to observe(empiricism), make hypotheses, test assumptions and create change |
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