Term
|
Definition
Heat energy is the transfer of thermal energy (energy that is associated with the motion of the particles of substance). Remember that all matter is made up of particles too small to be seen (5th grade).
As heat energy is added to a substance, the temperature goes up indicating that the particles
are moving faster. The faster the particles move, the higher the temperature.
Material (wood, candle wax) that is burning, the Sun, and electricity are sources of heat
energy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Electrical energy is the energy flowing in an electric circuit. Solar cells can be used to convert solar energy to electrical energy.
Green plants use solar energy during photosynthesis (6-2.7) to produce sugar, which contains
stored chemical energy. Most of the energy that we use on Earth originally came from the Sun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
An electric motor changes electrical energy to mechanical energy.
It contains an electromagnet that rotates between the poles of a magnet.
The coil of the electromagnet is connected to a battery or other source of electric current.
When an electric current flows through the wire in the electromagnet, a magnetic field is
produced in the coil.
Like poles of the magnets repel and unlike poles of the magnets attract.
This causes the coil to rotate and thus changes electrical energy to mechanical energy.
This rotating coil of wire can be attached to a shaft and a blade in an electric fan. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Electrical energy can be transformed into light energy in an electric circuit if a light bulb is
added to the circuit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Electrical energy can be transformed into sound energy in an electric circuit if a bell, buzzer,
radio, or TV is added to the circuit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Electrical energy can be transformed into heat energy in an electric circuit if a toaster, stove,
or heater is added to the circuit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Convection is the transfer of energy as heat by movement of the heated substance itself, as
currents in fluids (liquids and gases). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radiation is the transfer of energy through space without particles of matter colliding or
moving to transfer the energy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A lever is a rigid bar or board that is free to move around a fixed point called a fulcrum.
The fulcrum may be placed at different locations along the bar. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A pulley has a grooved wheel with a rope running along the groove. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
An inclined plane is a sloping surface, like a ramp, that reduces the amount of force required
to lift an object. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Levers that have the fulcrum between where the effort force is applied and the weight is
located can be found in tools, for example, scissors (two levers working together) and
crowbar. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pulleys that are fixed, meaning that they are attached to a structure, can be found on the top
of a flag pole and on window blinds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wheel and axles consist of two circular objects: a central shaft, called an axle, inserted
through the middle of a wheel. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chemical energy is energy stored in particles of matter.
Chemical energy can be released, for example in batteries or sugar/food, when these particles
react to form new substances. |
|
|
