Term
| Postural Control - 6 mos. |
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Definition
Trunk righting
Mature Landau reaction
Protective extension
Lateral weight shift and lower body adjustment |
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Term
| Postural Control - 7-9 mos. |
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Definition
Little time in prone or supine
Sit, move to hands and knees, or pull to stand
Trunk rotation in sitting |
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Term
| Postural Control - 10-12 mos. |
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Definition
Upright posture becomes more efficient
Postural stability of lower body develops
More mature pattern of postural control
S-curve of spine more consistent, more lumbar extension
Ankle and foot activate for distal stability |
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Term
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Definition
Holds arms and legs vertical
Rolls to side and to prone |
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Term
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Definition
| Rarely stays in this position |
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Term
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Definition
Reaches with arms
Trunk elongation and flexion
Begins to assume quadruped
Wants to move on the floor |
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Term
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Definition
Reaching, shifting weight, trying to move
LEs assuming more dynamic base of support positions |
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Term
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Definition
Begins to sit with arm support
Can support with one arm and reach with the other
May sit briefly with no arm support but falls easily |
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Term
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Definition
Independent sitting, arms free for play
Uses a variety of LE positions for support
Flexes hips over femurs to rotate |
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Term
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Definition
More dynamic and functional position
Improved variety of positions for play |
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Term
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Definition
Narrow base of support
Greater leg extension than before
Bouncing |
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Term
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Definition
Uses objects to stand
Can sidestep to "cruise" along furniture
9 mos. - can turn diagonal to furniture |
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Term
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Definition
Uses less stable surfaces
May begin to stand without support
Sit - squat - stand |
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Term
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Definition
Rolls between supine, sidelying and prone
Can stop at various points or roll consecutively |
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Term
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Definition
| Used primarily to get into sidelying position for play and exploration |
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Term
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Definition
Used as a play position
May bear weight on one foot |
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Term
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Definition
Begins to rock forward and back, sometimes falling into prone
Developing postural control for creeping
Once mastered, becomes purely transitionary |
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Term
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Definition
Reaching with diagonal trunk control
Reaches one arm and extends opposite leg as postural accompaniment |
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Term
| Pull-to-stand - 10-12 mos. |
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Definition
Uses LEs more actively as support
Lateral weight shift in kneeling
Dissociate legs
Cruising becomes more functional |
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Term
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Definition
| May begin independent walking |
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Term
| Upper Extremity Development - 6 mos. |
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Definition
| Can push one arm against ground in prone in order to reach and play with the other arm |
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Term
| Hand development - 6 mos. |
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Definition
Hand to hand transfer
Fine motor control varies with proximal stability
No voluntary release; may throw objects |
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Term
| Hand development - 7-9 mos. |
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Definition
Quadruped lengthens tissues in arm and hand
Can focus cognitively on hand activities
Supination
3 jaw chuck grip |
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Term
| Hand development - 10-12 mos. |
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Definition
Pincer and pinch grasp
May develop hand preference
Imitates adult use of tools, undresses self |
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Term
| Visual development - 6 mos. |
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Definition
Can track objects through whole oculomotor range
Eyes move independently from head |
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Term
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Definition
Facial expressions
May posture mouth for stability during movement |
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Term
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Definition
| Bites hands and objects to reduce teething discomfort |
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Term
| Respiratory / Vocalization - 6 mos. |
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Definition
Breathing coordinated with movement
Babbling repetitive sequences, greater variety in tone, pitch, volume |
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Term
| Respiratory / Vocalization - 7-9 mos. |
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Definition
Anterior / lateral expansion of ribcage
Consonant-vowel combinations "words" |
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Term
| Respiratory / Vocalization - 10-12 mos. |
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Definition
Produces sounds independent from body movement
May use jargon and real words |
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Term
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Definition
Falling
Teaches child about position, boundaries, speed, and sensory systems |
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Term
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Definition
Protective extension
Abduction or extension of extremities to prevent a fall after weightshift |
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Term
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Definition
Lateral righting
Elongation of weightbearing side of the body, with flexion of the non-weightbearing side
Used in rolling with control |
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Term
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Definition
Equilibrium
Elongation with rotation
First, UEs rotate over stable LEs
Then LEs move around stable UEs |
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Term
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Definition
From quadruped, reaches up one arm at a time
Legs do not dissociate
Knees remain behind shoulders
9 mos. - may begin upright kneel |
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