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6.6 Reproduction
IB Syllabus
22
Biology
11th Grade
05/22/2015

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Term
What is the SRY gene? where is it located?
Definition
if present, it will cause the gonads (ungendered genital of embryo) to develop into testes. This gene is located on the Y chromosome.
Term
What is the TDF protein?
Definition
stimulated by the SRY gene, TDF stimulates the expression of other genes that cause testes development.
Term
function of testis
Definition
Produce sperm and testosterone
Term
function of scrotum
Definition
Hold testes at a lower temperature than core body
Term
function of Epididymis
Definition
Store sperm until ejaculation
Term
function of seminal vesicle and prostate gland
Definition
Secrete fluids containing fructose, proteins and alkali that is added to sperm to make semen
Term
function of ovaries
Definition
Produce eggs, estrogen and progesterone
Term
function of oviducts
Definition
Collect eggs at ovulation, provide a site for fertilization and then move the embryo to the uterus
Term
function of cervix
Definition
Protects the fetus during pregnancy and then dilates to provide a birth canal
Term
function of vulva
Definition
Protects internal parts of the female reproductive system
Term
During puberty in males, the secretion of testosterone increases, what happens because of this?
Definition
prenatal development of male genitalia and both sperm production and development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty
Term
During puberty in females, the secretionof progesterone and estrogen increases, what happens therefore?
Definition
prenatal development of female reproductive organs and female secondary sexual characteristics during puberty
Term
What is the first half phase of the menstrual cycle?
Definition
the follicular phase, is when follicles develop in the ovary.
Term
What is a follicle?
Definition
In each follicle an egg is stimulated to grow.
Term
What is the second half phase of the menstrual cycle?
Definition
luteal phase, the wall of the follicle that releases an egg becomes a body called the corpus luteum. Continued development of the endometrium prepares it for the implantation of an embryo.
Term
Where are the menstrual hormones FSH and LH produced?
Definition
pituitary gland
Term
Where are the menstrual hormones estrogen and progesterone produced?
Definition
ovaries
Term
What are the 2 functions of FSH (first hormone released in menstrual cycle)
Definition
stimulates the development of follicles, each containing an oocyte and follicular fluid. FSH also stimulates secretion of estrogen by the follicle wall.
Term
What are the three functions of estrogen (second hormone of the menstrual cycle)
Definition
stimulates growth of the endometrium, stimulates the release of LH (positive feedback), and inhibites the production of FSH (negative feedback).
Term
What are the two functions os LH (third hormone of the menstrual cycle)
Definition
stimulates ovulation to happen in the ovaries, stimulates progesterone to be released.
Term
What are the 2 functions of progesterone (fourth and last howmone of the menstrual cycle)
Definition
endometrium wall is maintained, inhibits LH
Term
What happens during IVF
Definition
high doses of FSH and LH are injected daily for 10 days to develop many follicles.
When the follicles are large enough they are stimulated to mature by an injection of HCG, a hormone usually secreted by embryos. The eggs are then washed out of the follicles. Each egg is mixed with 50 – 100 thousand sperm cells and incubated at 370C for 24 hours. then it is put into a woman's uterus.
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