Term
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Definition
| the process of absorbtion of one gas from the environment and release another one |
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Term
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Definition
| Pumping fresh air to the gas exchange surface to replace the air already there to help to maintain concentration gradients |
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Term
| How does gas exchange happen in humans? |
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Definition
| by diffusion between air in the alveoli and blood flowing in the adjacent capillaries. |
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Term
| What is the function of ventilation? |
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Definition
| maintains concentration gradients of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air in alveoli and blood flowing in adjacent capillaries. |
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Term
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Definition
| single layer of cells on the wall of the alveolus, most are Type 1 pneumocytes |
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Term
| What are type 1 pneumocytes? |
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Definition
| extremely thin alveolar cells that are adapted to carry out gas exchange. |
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Term
| What are type 2 pneumocytes? |
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Definition
| secrete a solution containing surfactant that creates a moist surface inside the alveoli to prevent the sides of the alveolus adhering to each other by reducing surface tension. |
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Term
| What happens when muscles contract |
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Definition
| They work, when they contract and become shorter by exerting a pulling force that causes movement. |
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Term
| What happens when muscles relax? |
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Definition
| lengthen, are pulled by the contraction of another muscle. |
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Term
| What are the symptoms of lung cancer |
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Definition
| difficulties with breathing, persistent coughing, coughing up blood, chest pain, loss of appetite, weight loss |
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Term
| With lung cancer, why does gas exchange become less effective? |
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Definition
| there is a smaller number of larger air sacs with much thicker walls, total surface area for gas exchange is reduced and distance over which diffusion of gases occurs is increased |
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