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Biology
12th Grade
02/15/2015

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Term
biosphere
Definition
all regions of earth where organisms live.
Term
el nino
Definition
periodic warming of equatorial pacific waters and the associated shifts in global weather patterns
Term
la nina
Definition
periodic cooling of equatorial pacific waters and the associated shifts in global weather patterns
Term
climate
Definition
average weather conditions in a region over a long time period
Term
monsoon
Definition
wind that reverses direction seasonally
Term
rain shadow
Definition
dry region downwind of a costal mountain range
Term
biome
Definition
group of regions that may be widely separated but share a characteristic climate and dominant vegetation
Term
desert
Definition
biome with little rain and low humidity; plants that have water-storing and water-conserving adaptions predominate
Term
grassland
Definition
biome in the interior of continents where raises and nonwoody plants adapted to grazing and fire predominate
Term
dry shrub land
Definition
biome dominated by a diverse array of fire-adapted shrubs; occurs in regions with cool, wet winters and a dry summer
Term
dry woodland
Definition
biome dominated by short trees that do not completely shade the ground; occurs in region with cool, wet winters and a dry summer
Term
temperate deciduous forest
Definition
northern hemisphere biome in which the main plants are broadleaf trees that lose their leaves in fall and become dormant during cold winters
Term
tropical rain forest
Definition
highly productive and species-rich biome in which year-round rains and warmth support continuous growth of evergreen broadleaf trees
Term
boreal forest
Definition
extensive high-latitude forest of the northern hemisphere; conifers are the predominant vegetation
Term
alpine tundra
Definition
biome of low-growing, wind tolerant plants adapted to high-altitude conditions
Term
arctic tundra
Definition
highest-latitude northern hemisphere biome, where low, cold-tolerated plants survive with only a brief growing season
Term
permafrost
Definition
continually frozen soil lays that lies beneath arctic tundra and prevents water from draining
Term
fall overturn
Definition
during the fall, waters of a temperature zone mix. upper, oxygenated water cools, gets dense, and sinks, nutrient rich water from the bottom moves up
Term
lak
Definition
a body of standing fresh water
Term
spring overturn
Definition
in temperature zone lakes, a downward movement of oxygenated surface water and an upward movement of nutrient-rich water in spring
Term
thermocline
Definition
thermal stratification in a large body of water; a cool mid layer stops vertical mixing between warm surface water above it and cold water below it.
Term
estuary
Definition
a highly productive ecosystem where nutrient-rich water from a river mixes with seawater
Term
coral reed
Definition
reeds built by living corals calcium carbonate.
Term
benthic province
Definition
the oceans sediments and rocks
Term
hydrothermal vent
Definition
rocky, onderwater opening where mineral-rich water heated by geothermal energy streams out
Term
pelagic province
Definition
the oceans waters
Term
seamount
Definition
an undersea mountain
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