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407 exam3.10
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26
Biology
Undergraduate 4
04/09/2014

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Term
Mammogenesis
Definition
the growth and development of the mammary gland
Term
Differences btw male and femal breasts before puberty?
at puberty
Definition
none
at puberty F estrogen and progesteron grow breasts
M- testosterone prevents dev.
Term
high levels of estrogen and progesterone cause increase
Definition
fat
basic milk producing and transorping unitts (alveoli and mammary ducts)
Term
mammary gland develops the capacity to produce milk (lactogenesis) in response to hormonal changes.
Definition
third trimester
Term
Although mammary gland has the capacity to produce milk, high levels of
Definition
progesterone and estrogen inhibit actual milk production.
Term
pre milk
Definition
colostrum- at end of pregnancy. caused by rise in prolactin and fall in estrogen and progesterone
Term
colostrum accumulates in -- and amount
Definition
2-3mL alveoli (milk producing structure)
Term
why premature baby moms don't have big supply-
Definition
(<32 weeks) may have difficulties establishing/maintaining a milk supply (mammary gland not reached milk producing capacity
Term
alveoli
Definition
milk producing glandular cells (lactocytes)
contractile myopeithelial cells
Term
3 structures within breast related to lactation
Definition
alveoli
mammary ducts
nipple
Term
The inner, hollow cavity of the alveolus is
Definition
lumen
Term
The lactocytes release -- into the -- and milk is released from the lumen into --
Definition
milk componenets into lumen
milk duct
Term
When the myoepithelial cells that surround the alveoli contract,
Definition
milk is forced out of the aveoli lumen and into the mammary ducts that lead towards the nipple.
Term
two hormones released from -- needed for breast feeding and ejection
Definition
pituitary
prolactin oxytocin
Term
prolactin
Definition
stim. lactocytes to synthesize milk
Term
oxytocin
Definition
myopepitheilial cells contract and ejects milk
Term
suckling
Definition
stim nerves by nipple sending signal to hypothalams to stop release prolactin inhibitory factor= causing more prolactin to stimulate more milk synthesis
also hypothalamus signals posterior pituitary gland to relase oxytocin
Term
let down reflex
Definition
milk leaves alveolus lumen and into milk ducts caused by oxytocin squeezeing
Term
psychological factors can also stimulate/inhibit the release of
Definition
oxytocin-
thinking about nursing, crying= causes leakage
stress, lack of sleep, anxiety- inhibit let down
Term
colostrum continues to be produced thru-
Definition
early days of breast feeding
Term
describe colustrum
Definition
thick yellow
high protein, immunoglobulins (gut against infection, bacteria)
low volume
Term
Because small amounts of colostrum may not be enough to satisfy hunger, newborns may suckle -- times in 24hrs causing-
Definition
12-18 times
This helps establish milk supply, suckling=prolactin=synthesis
Term
milk comes in-
Definition
3-5 days postpartum
Term
engorgement
Definition
significant increase milk production as a result of extensive suckling.)
heavy breasts, leakage
Term
The amount of milk produced is determined primarily by
Definition
how much milk the infant consumes.
Term
Residual milk remaining in alveoli lumen (poor nursing technique or infrequent nursing)
Definition
down regulates milk production.
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