Term
| Histamine causes what kinds of symptoms in the skin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Urticaria is edema of the... |
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Definition
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Term
| Angioedema is edema of the... |
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Definition
| deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue |
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Term
| Urticaria and angioedema are both mediated by... |
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Definition
| histamine released from mast cells |
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Term
| Urticaria are mediated by what immunoglobulin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the different types of urticaria? |
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Definition
| atopic diathesis, specific antigen sensitivity, physical urticaria, contact |
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Term
| What drug can cause angioedema? |
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Definition
| side effect of ACE inhibitors |
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Term
| What are teh immune mediated causes of angioedema? |
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Definition
| allergy to hymenoptera venom (bee sting), shellfish, nuts, pollens |
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Term
| What is the definition of chronic urticaria? |
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Definition
| episodes occuring over more than 6 weeks without an identified cause |
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Term
| How do you treat chronic urticaria? |
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Definition
| antihistamines (second generation), avoid agents that alter arachidonic acid metabolism (aspirin, NSAIDS, Azo dyes), avoid mast cell degranulators (curare, contrast media, opiates) |
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Term
| What are the prodromal symptoms of erythema multiforme? |
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Definition
| there are none, they just have acute eruptions on skina nd mucous membranes |
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Term
| T/F Erythema multiforme commonly recurs. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common cause of SJS and TEN? |
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Definition
| drugs (sulfa drugs most commonly, also NSAIDS, and anticonvulsants) |
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Term
| T/F Erythema multiforme, SJS and TEN all have a similar prodrome. |
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Definition
| false; erythema multiforme doesn't have a prodrome, SJS and TEN commonly have a prodrome |
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Term
| Where do SJS and TEN occur? |
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Definition
| involves 2 or more mucosal sites |
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Term
| Describe the appearance of erythema annulare centrifugum? |
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Definition
| slowly enlarging annular erythema with a trailing scale |
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Term
| What causes erythema annulare centrifugum? |
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Definition
| unknown etiology, possible reaction to infection (especially tinea) |
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Term
| What type of lesion presents as slowly enlarging circle of erythema with a trailing scale? |
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Definition
| erythema annulare centrifugum |
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Term
| What is the vector of lyme disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name for the cutaneous marker of lyme disease? |
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Definition
| erythema chronicum migrans |
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Term
| How can you tell the difference between erythema chronicum migrans and erythema annulare centrifugum? |
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Definition
| erythema chronicum migrans has no scale and is associated with a tick bite |
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Term
| What organism causes erythema chronicum migrans? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cutaneous marker of rheumatic fever? |
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Definition
| erythema marginatum rheumaticum |
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Term
| What does erythema marginatum rheumaticum look like? |
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Definition
| rings or segments of rings, flat or indurated; lesions fade in a few hours but there are recurrent crops |
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Term
| What does necrolytic migratory erythema look like? |
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Definition
| arcuate/annular and gyrate areas of blistering and erosive erythema |
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Term
| What kind of hypersensitivity occurs with topical application of a drug? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of hypersensitivity reaction is anaphylaxis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of drug administration most commonly causes anaphylaxis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What drugs are the most common causes of anaphylaxis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What Ig mediates anaphylaxis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of hypersensitivity is serum sickness? |
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Definition
| type III (circulating immune complexes) |
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Term
| T/F Drugs can exacerbate preexisting dermatologic disease without being associated with an immunologic reaciton. |
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Definition
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Term
| What term describes a rupture on a mucous membrane? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| skin erruption accompanying an infectious disease |
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Term
| What is a "simple exanthem"? |
|
Definition
| cutaneous drug eruption alone |
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Term
| What is the most common drug eruption? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the most common cause of simple exanthems? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are complex exanthems? |
|
Definition
| hypersensitivity syndromes like DRESS |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| complex exanthem= Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic symptoms (fever, LAD, hepatitis, nephritis) |
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Term
| What is the most common cause of complex exanthems such as DRESS? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is red man syndrome? |
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Definition
| due to elevated blood histamine caused by IV vancomycin; causes macular erythema, pruritus, heat hypotension |
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Term
| How do you treat red man syndrome? |
|
Definition
| decrease rates of infusion and pretreat with antihistamines |
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Term
| What causes photosensitivity reactions? |
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Definition
| drugs like NSAIDS and sulfa + sunlight (UVA most commonly) |
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Term
| T/F Photosensitivity reactions are located everywhere, not just sun exposed areas. |
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Definition
| false! only on sun exposed areas |
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Term
| Describe the morphology of a fixed drug reaction? |
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Definition
| well defined red plaque that may form a blister; prolonged post inflammatory hyperpigmentation is very common and recurs at same site with each exposure of medication |
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Term
| T/F Fixed drug reactions are caused by a localized release of histamine. |
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Definition
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Term
| What drugs most commonly cause fixed drug reactions? |
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Definition
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