Term
| Do you have chancre's in tertiary syphillus? |
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Definition
NO, only gummas
gummas are indurated (hard), granulomatous masses that may become ulcerated. These can appear anywhere, including the vulva |
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Term
for treatment of hypercholeterolemia or hyperlipidemia: what 2 drug combinations increase the risk for:
1) Myopathy?
2) Gallstones |
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Definition
1) Statins & Fibrates
2) Bile-acid binding resins & Fibrates (7-alpha hydroxylase inhibitor) |
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Term
| Bacteria producing IgA protease? |
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Definition
Salmonella
H.flu
Neisseria
Cleaves IgA @ hinge region --> prevents IgA binding --> increased adherence & penetration to mucosal surfaces |
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Term
Calculate 1/2 life from volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL)
Vd units = volume
CL units = volume/time |
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Definition
t(1/2) = [Vd * Ln(2)]/CL
Ln(2) = 0.7 --> t(1/2)=(Vd*0.7)/CL |
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Term
| Cardiomyopathy caused by amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, metastatic cancer, or inborn errors in metabolism? |
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Definition
| restrictive cardiomyopathy |
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Term
| colonic adenoma-carcinoma sequence |
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Definition
|
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Term
| 2 causes of hyalin arteriolar sclerosis? |
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Definition
1) longstanding, non-malignant HTN
2) diabetes mellitus |
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Term
| Person with sexually explicit thoughts becomes a sex therapist. OR. actress who was physically abused uses it to enhancer her acting |
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Definition
sublimation
replaces unacceptable with with a course of actions that fulfills the wish, but is acceptable |
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Term
| AA w/ 3 titratable protons? |
|
Definition
Histidine
Lysine
Arginine
Glutamine
Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid
Lysine
Cystine
Tyrosine |
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Term
| chills, SOB, hemoglobinuria & possible DIC w/in minutes of receiving blood transfusion |
|
Definition
| acute transfusion reaction |
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Term
| Vitamin Tx for measles infection |
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Definition
Vitamin A
VitA administration (in areas w/ known deficiencies) has also been shown to cause decreased hospital stay & time to recovery from pneumonia & diarrhea |
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Term
Name type of tissue for each marker:
1) CD3
2) Keratin
3) Desmin
4) CD34
5) GFAP
6) Vimentin
7) S-100 |
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Definition
1) Lymphocytes (T&B)
2) Epithelial cells
3) Muscle
4) Hematopoietic stem cells & Endothelial cells (along w/ vWF)
5) Glia
6) Mesenchyme
7) Neural crest (e.g. melanocytes, schwann cells), Histiocytes |
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Term
| PPV & NPV vary w/ prevalence. Describe this variation. |
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Definition
PPV will increase w/ increased prevalence
NPV will increase w/ decreased prevalence |
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Term
| What makes mycobacterium acid fast? Describe the structure. |
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Definition
Mycolic acid. Very long chain fatty acid (>90 carbon subunits).
INH prevents mycolic acid synthesis |
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Term
| what makes a reticulocyte blue on Wright-Geimsa stain? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what prevents premature annealing of DNA during replication? |
|
Definition
| single-stranded binding protein |
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Term
| Breast cancer: Solid sheet of pleomorphic cells w/ central necrosis |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| carcinoembriogenic antigen: Colon cancer |
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Term
| macrocytosis & elevated gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) |
|
Definition
alcohol abuse (indirect measures)
the macrocytosis may occur independent of folate/B12 deficiency (?mitochondrial toxin?) |
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Term
| inflammatory mediators that Lipid-A causes the release of (from Mø) |
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Definition
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Term
| Best screening test for diabetes (Type1 or 2) in general population? |
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Definition
fasting blood glucose (>126mg/dL on 2 separate occasions is diagnostic)
For pregnant women, the oral glucose tolerance test is preferred |
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Term
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Definition
| Pyrophosphate analog that inhibits DNA polymerase in HSV & RT in HIV |
|
|
Term
Strep w/:
1) Bile solubility?
2) Optochin resistance/susceptibility?
3) Bacitracin resistance/susceptibility?
4) Grows on 6.5%NaCl/can't grow on 6.5%NaCl? |
|
Definition
1) S.pneumonia (only one that can't grow on bile)
2) Viridans/Pneumonia
3) Agalactiae/Pyogenes
4) Enterococci(e.g. faecium)/Non-Enterococci(e.g. Bovis) |
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