Term
What is the best measure for ventilation status (hyper or hypo)?
hint: it is a blood-gas measurement |
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Definition
PaCO2
Low w/ hyperventilation
High w/ hypoventilation |
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Term
| endometrial gland w/in uterus smooth muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| how many days after ovulation can beta hCG be detected? |
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Definition
6-11 days. The blastocyst must implant in endometrium before hCG can be detected in maternal serum
When the blastocyst develops (from morula ~5th day), it begins secreting hCG, but implantation is needed to detect hCG in the serum |
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Term
| Antiplatelet drug with neutropenia? |
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Definition
| Ticlopidine (1% of the population) |
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Term
| low back pain radiating to both legs, saddle anesthesia (including impotence), loss of anocutaneous reflex (anal wink), bowel & bladder fn, & loss of ankle reflex |
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Definition
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Term
| Abdominal colic & distension (i.e. small bowel obstruction) w/ air in the gallbladder & biliary tree. |
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Definition
gallstone ileus.
This is caused by a fistula between the gallbladder and intestine --> gallstone becomes lodged in the ileocecal valve & air gets into gallbladder & biliary tree.
Fistula can also be connected to stomach --> vomiting up gallstones |
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Term
| Can you even disclose that someone is your patient? |
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Definition
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Term
| is optic chiasm anterior or posterior to pituitary? |
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Definition
anterior
mamillary bodies are posterior |
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Term
What clears lungs of particles <2um?
2.5-10um?
>10um? |
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Definition
macrophages
mucocilliary transport
caught in upper airway |
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Term
| measure of potency in inhaled anesthetics? |
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Definition
MAC (minimal alveolar concentration)
This is the DeFacto measure of ED50 for inhaled anesthetics |
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Term
Deferoxamine use?
Penacillamine use?
Dimercaprol & EDTA? |
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Definition
- hemochromatosis (notice "-fero-")
- Wilson's disease
- Lead poisoning |
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Term
| type of drug used in medication induced (e.g. haloperidol) parkinsons? |
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Definition
centrally acting antimuscarinics (improve tremor): Benztropine & trihexyphenidyl
these drugs are contraindicated for people with urinary retention (BPH) & closed angle glaucoma |
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Term
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Definition
| centrally acting antimuscarinic (also benztropine) |
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Term
Streptomycin:
what subunit does it bind?
what step in RNA synthesis does it block? |
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Definition
- 30S (it's an aminoglycoside)
- Initiation: distorts 30S to disrupt tRNA A-site binding (tetracyclines, which also bind 30S, prevent tRNA A-site binding after initiation)
remember ribosome has APE site (in that order) |
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Term
| what 2 PSI antibiotics bind 30S? |
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Definition
aminoglycosides
tetracyclines |
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Term
What do you use each drug for:
1) Griseofulvin
2) Terbinafin
3) Amphotericin B
4) Nystatin |
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Definition
1) Dermatophytes (microtubule disruption --> M-phase inhibition); deposits in nails
2) Onychomycosis; inhibits squalene epoxidase
3) systemic mycoses
4) Candida (amphotericin mouthwash) |
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Term
Name second messanger for each:
1) alpha1
2) alpha2
3) beta1
4) beta2 |
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Definition
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Term
| organ usually spared in polyarteritis nodosa? |
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Definition
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Term
beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity?
Beta blockers w/ Alpha-blocking activity?
Beta blockers that are Beta1 selective? |
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Definition
- acebutolol, pindolol
- Carvedilol, Labetalol
- all that are A-M (not including the ones w/ alpha-blocking activity) |
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Term
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Definition
| IgG against IgE. Acceptable adjunct therapy for asthma pts |
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Term
| person comes in with severe, chronic hyponatremia & their electrolytes are corrected too quickly. What Sx occur |
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Definition
| Quadriplegia & pseudobulbar palsy (IX, X, XI) |
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Term
name kidney injury for each situation:
1) Long standing diabetes
2) Allergic reaction, febrile illness, or recent immunization
3) Heroin abuse
4) Long-standing hyperuricemia |
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Definition
1) Diabetic nephropathy: increased mesangium w/ thickening of GBM; lesions include nodular glomerulosclerosisdiffuse glomerulosclerosis, and hyalin arteriolosclerosis
2) minimal change disease
3) FSGS
4) gouty nephropathy --> chronic renal failure (may see crystals in interstitium, or nephrolithiasis |
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