Term
Define:
- reliability
- precision
- accuracy |
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Definition
Reliability & precision are same thing --> can the test repeat itself over and over and give the same result?
Accuracy --> how the test compares to the gold standard |
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Term
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Definition
| sign of chronic, restrictive pericarditis (weeks-months to develop) |
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Term
| What physical sign do you get in acute pericarditis? chronic? |
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Definition
acute = friction rub
chronic = kussmaul's sign, pulsus paradoxis, pericardial knock |
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Term
| define efficacy & potency |
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Definition
Efficacy: how big of an effect can a drug produce
Potency: concentration @ ED50 |
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Term
Is the lac operon polycistronic?
What are the regulatory elements? |
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Definition
- Yes (i.e. 1 mRNA codes for multiple proteins (e.g. beta-galactosidase, permease)
- Lactose binds the inhibitor --> prevents it from binding the operator
- Low glucose concentrations will increase cAMP --> bind CAP region --> positively regulate lac operon transcription |
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Term
Old man who has chronic back pain, morning stiffness, & is HLA-B27 positive. Diagnoisis?
Name manifestations for each system:
- Respiratory
- CV
- Eye |
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Definition
Ankylosing Spondylolitis
- CV angle enthesitis (inflammation at tendon insertions; here it is at CV angle/costosternal junction); This leads to hypoventilation
- Ascending aortitis
- Anterior uveitis
(aside, the enthesitis can occur @ any tendon insertion --> widespread pain, tenderness, swelling. E.g. achilles insertion) |
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Term
| What is the alteration in the glomerular basement membrane in minimal change disease? What type of protein is lost in the urine? |
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Definition
- fusion of podocytes & LOSS OF CHARGE
the loss of charge is implicated in the selective passage of albumin in the urine (b.c. it's small) |
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Term
| fetal bone growth problems & stains on teeth |
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Definition
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Term
| What marks the boarder between the anterior 2/3 & posterior 1/3 of tongue (i.e. where V/VII & IX are) |
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Definition
| - terminal sulcus. foramen cecum is located at the midline |
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Term
| benign coin lesion in lung |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 most common metastatic cancers to the brain |
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Definition
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Term
| amyl nitrate effect on cardiac murmurs |
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Definition
same as valsalva (decrease preload b.c. it's a nitrate!)
It can also be used as a "nitrate" in Tx of methemoglobinemia. Fe2+ -> Fe3+. Thiosulfate turns cyanomethemoglobin to thiocyanate . |
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Term
| Intracranial mass with highly cellular areas admixed w/ myxoid hypocellular areas. S100 positivity |
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Definition
Schwannoma: Antoni A & B
ASIDE: both melanomas & Schwann cell tumors have S100 positivity |
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Term
| Hematocrit in someone taking androgens for body building? |
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Definition
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Term
Name the predisposing factor for this subset of colon carcinomas:
1) Arise at a younger age
2) Progress from flat-topped, non-polypoid dysplasias
3) Mucinous/Signet ring morphology
4) Develop early p53 mutation & late APC mutation (opposite of normal)
5) may be in proximal colon
6) MULTIFOCAL |
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Definition
| Colitis-associated colorectal carcinoma |
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