Term
| Organizing principles of three dimensionality (8) |
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Definition
- emphasis: using design techniques to make a certain aspect of the composition stand out
- economy: deletion of nonessential details to reveal the essence of the form
- dominance: most pronounced aspect of whole
- balance: equality of components
- proportion: appropriateness in size relationships
- repetition: copied forms again and again
- variation: alteration of principle form
- unity: organization which creates a coherent whole
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Term
| Levels of three dimensionality (5) |
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Definition
- low relief: shallowly raised relief image
- high relief: severely raised relief image; sculptural
- frontal: viewed from front
- full round: to be viewed from all sides
- walk through: work entirely surrounds viewer
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Term
| Elements of three dimensional art and design (6) |
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Definition
line: a form that is longer than it is wider; 2 abutted planes
tone: quality of a color
texture: quality of a surface
form: volume and shape of all parts of a 3D work in space
shape: external form created by contours
hue: variation of color |
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Term
FORM
- volume
- static form
- dynamic form
- interior form
- exterior form
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Definition
...form which occupies a positive 3D space
...stationary 3D work
...3D work that creates the illusion of movement
...inner form which emerges from an outer form
...outer form which establishes outermost contours of work |
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Term
CONTOUR
- primary contour
- secondary contour
- contour line
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Definition
...form with surface elaboration
...contour of shape's limits (border)
...emerging shape within
...line created by two abutted surfaces; edge |
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Term
LINE
- implied line
- directed line
- lines within forms
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Definition
...continuation of line suggested by compositional direction or flow
...line in composition which guides viewers eye around the piece in a particular way
...linear details which create contrast to outermost contour as well as tonal and value qualities |
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Term
SPACE
- spatial illusion
- spatial relationships
- confined space
- activated space
- negative space
- delineated space
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Definition
...using design techniques to alter the viewer perspective; to make appear smaller or larger than reality
...designed relationships between forms in shape and spacing to create interplay of parts to activate the whole ...limited bounds to activate positive and negative space within limits
...space between shapes
...forms carved out of space by positive forms |
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Term
TYPES OF SCULPTURE
- earthworks
- environmental art
- minimal art
- non objective art
- realism
- hyper realism
- abstraction
- kinetic sculpture
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Definition
...large-scale sculpture which uses surface of earth as medium
...works which enhance or become part of environmental space
...extreme simplification of form and color variance ...nonrepresentational art
...replica of 3D subjects in real world ...high-resolution representation
...simplifies, emphasizes, or distorts real life qualities of subject
...work that actually moves or implies movement |
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Term
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Definition
Content: subject of work plus its various narrative/reactionary implications
Intent: central idea with which the artist is working |
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Term
| Creative process (Jonathan Block) |
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Definition
1. acceptance and identification of issue to be addressed (implications of both content and intent)
2. ideation of issue (conception of content)
3. judgement of issues (conclusion of what the intent is and the potential content)
4. creative act (execution of idea) |
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Term
IRON POUR
- coke
- limestone
- slag
- iron
- lost-wax casting
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Definition
Coke=fuel and a reducing agent in smelting iron ore in a blast furnace. The carbon monoxide produced by its combustion reduces iron oxide.
limestone=burned calcium oxide which forms slag
slag=stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting or refining of ore.
iron=a strong, hard magnetic silvery-gray metal; temperature of molten iron: 3300 degrees F
lost-wax casting=a layer of wax is melted away from surrounding positive and negative molds to create a space into which the casting material can be poured |
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Term
METALS
- ferrous metals (give examples)
- non-ferrous metals
- alloy
- piercing
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Definition
Ferrous metals=metals containing iron
ex: stainless steel, pig iron, cast iron
non-ferrous metals=metals NOT containing iron
alloy=homogenous metal made by combing two or more metallic elements to strengthen or resist corosion
piercing=holes punched into metal plate to create indent or negative space |
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Term
WOOD
- Hard wood (give examples)
- soft wood (give examples)
- annual ring
- grain
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Definition
Hard wood=sturdier, denser ex: oak, ash, birch
Soft wood=evergreen trees, more light weight, easier to cut ex: balsa, pine tree, cedar
annual ring=1 ring of growth/year; light wood in spring and summer, dark, dense wood in fall and winter
grain=alternating dark and light wood growing in concentric circle in one direction |
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