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38 Food and Nutrition
digestive and excratory
26
Biology
9th Grade
07/15/2009

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Term
calorie
Definition
the amount of eheat needed to raise one temprature gram of water 1 degree celsius
Term
carboyhydrates
Definition
main source of energy for the body
Term
carboyhydrates
Definition
main source of energy for the body
Term
proteins
Definition
polymers of amino acids that supply raw materials for growth and repair
Term
vitamins
Definition
organic molecules that help regulate body processes working with enzymes
Term
minerals
Definition
inorganic nutrients thaat the body needs
Term
amylase
Definition
an enzyme found in saliva that breakds the chemical bonds instarches and releases sugars
Term
esophagus
Definition
the food tube that leads to the stomach
Term
peristalsis
Definition
the contractions the esophagus makes to get the food into the stomach
Term
stomach
Definition
a alrge muscular sacfk that breaks down chemical digestion of food from the esophagus
Term
chyme
Definition
a mixture produced by the stomach by mixing fluids and food
Term
small intestine
Definition
chyme enters and is mixed with enzymes and digestive fluids that help breakdown stuff
Term
pancreas
Definition
a gland that is behind the stomach that regulates hormones, produces enzymes to break stuff down and also sodium bicarbonate that neutralizes stomach acid
Term
liver
Definition
a large organ that assists the pancreas in dissolving stuff
Term
villi
Definition
fingerlike projections that line the small intestine and help absorb nutrients
Term
large intestine
Definition
follows small intestine - removes water and undiestivge material that is left
Term
kidneys
Definition
organs that remove waste products from blood and regulate blood
Term
ureter
Definition
a tube that leaves the kidney carrying urine top the urinary bladder
Term
urinary bladder
Definition
a saclike organ where urine is stored before being excreted
Term
nephrons
Definition
the functional units of a kidney
Term
filtration
Definition
passing a liquid or gas throiugh a filter to remove wastes
Term
glomerulus
Definition
a small network of capilaries in a nephron
Term
bowman's capsule
Definition
glomerulus is encased in this in the nephron
Term
reabsorption
Definition
the process in which liquid is taken bac into a vessal
Term
loop of Henle
Definition
a sectionof nephron tubule in whiich water is conserved and urine is minimized
Term
urethra
Definition
urniary bladder can relase urine from this tube
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