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365.2
Kantianism
23
Philosophy
Undergraduate 3
10/07/2014

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Term
Kant defines the good in terms of
Definition
what the right is.
Term
The right action, according to Kant, is the action
Definition
that is performed in accordance with duty.
Term
An action is good if and only if it is
Definition
the right action and it is performed because it is right.
Term
In other words, one is more praiseworthy when the primary motive for performing the right action is
Definition
because it is the right thing to do, and not merely due to one’s inclinations.
Term
Kant defines right
Definition
right first and then good
Term
What is our duty?
Definition
The ends do not justify the means (not about the consequences)
Term
For Kant it is the-- for the action that is important for determining its goodness, not its---
Definition
motive not consequences
Term
“Nothing in the world – indeed nothing even beyond the world – can possibly be conceived which could be called good without
Definition
qualification except a good will.”
Term
The Categorical Imperative
Definition
(Humanity formulation)“So act that you use humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means.”
Term
examples that violate the categorical imperative
Definition
lying
suicide
promise keeping
Term
Kant, why is lying morally impermissable
Definition
trying to get you to believe a falsehood so that you do an action or give something that I want.
Term
Suicide violation of the categorical imperative.
Definition
You are using yourself merely as a means by ending pain.
Term
Promise keeping-
Definition
a promise is like a contract. It is using someone merely as a means.
Term
It follows from the categorical imperative that each of us has ---
whereas the utility principle suggests that in some cases we
Definition
certain rights that ought not be violated;
ought to violate those rights if it will lead to the greatest balance of pleasure over pain.
Term
axiology (what is good) of kantianism
Definition
autonomy, rationality, intentions
Term
moral standing in kantianism
Definition
anything that is rational
Term
examples of things who do not have moral standing under Kant
Definition
animals and children b/c they are not rational
Term
general moral principle in kant
Definition
categorical imperative
Term
Common Objections to Kantianism
Definition
Absolutism
Inadequate conflict resolution principles
A troubled justification for positive duties
Term
Absolutism
Definition
can’t lie when people ask do these make my butt look big.
-Axe murder comes in class, prof hids, murderer asks where’s mike? Do the students lie? What is the right thing to do? Due to Kant if you lie it is wrong bc you are using him merely as a means.
Term
possible fix to absolutism
Definition
prima facie duties
Prima Facie duty means at first glance, the duties can be overwritten in some cases.
Term
Inadequate conflict resolution principles
Definition
Keeping a promise to lie
Possible fix – establish priority principles
Term
A troubled justification for positive duties
Definition
The Categorical Imperative does not seem to require that we act a certain way, rather it forbids certain actions.
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