Term
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Definition
| literary version of passe compose. only written, never spoke. |
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Term
| le passe simple conjugations |
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Definition
er verbs- -ai, -as,-a,-âmes,-âtes,-èrent
ir/re verbs- -is,-is,-it,-îmes,-îtes,-irent
autres verbes- "u" versions (avoir, croire, vouloir)
-"i" verbs use ir/re rules (dire, mettre)
-etre special- fus, fus, fut, fûmes, fûtes, furent
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Term
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Definition
i ___
what is occuring currently |
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Term
| present tense conjugation |
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Definition
er verbs- e, es, e, ons, ez, ent
ir verbs- is, is, it, issons, issez, issent
re verbs- s, s, -, ons, ez, ent
irregulars- etre, avoir, aller, faire |
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Term
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Definition
i___ed
what is in the past, what has been finished. different than imparfait, where action can still be occuring, or if it was something you used to do. i waited is past tense |
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Term
| passe compose conjugations |
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Definition
avoir + past participle
for vandertramps, etre + past participle
reflexive, etre |
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Term
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Definition
i will ____
to be used when talking about the future. |
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Term
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Definition
| infinitive plus avoir- ai, as, a, ons, ez, ent |
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Term
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Definition
| The imperfect ( l'imparfait) expresses or describes continued, repeated, habitual actions or incomplete actions, situations, or events in the past. The imperfect describes what was going on at an indefinite time in the past or what used to happen. The imperfect can be translated by “would” when it implies “used to.” The imperfect is a simple tense that does not require a helping verb. |
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Term
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Definition
stem of nous form, add -ais,-ais,-ait, -ions,-iez,-aient
i.e.-j'aimais, tu aimais, il aimait, nous aimions, vous aimiez, ils aimaient |
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Term
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Definition
i had ___
takes place in the past before another past event, but sometimes with exceptions |
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Term
| plus-que-parfait conjugations |
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Definition
imparfait of avoir plus past participle
i.e.- j'avais aimé, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| The imperfect ( l'imparfait) expresses or describes continued, repeated, habitual actions or incomplete actions, situations, or events in the past. The imperfect describes what was going on at an indefinite time in the past or what used to happen. The imperfect can be translated by “would” when it implies “used to.” The imperfect is a simple tense that does not require a helping verb. |
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Term
| present subjunctive conjugations |
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Definition
1) take the nous form of present verb (parler-->parl)
2) add endings -e,-es,-e, -ions, -iez, -ent |
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Term
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Definition
i would ____
The conditional is used to express what would happen given certain events or actions. |
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Term
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Definition
infinitive + imparfait endings
i.e.- parlerais, parlerais, parlerait, parlerions, parleriez, parleraient |
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Term
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Definition
qui is always a subject--> c'est toi qui as mal
que is a direct object--> la robe que j'ai achetée hier est un peu trop grande pour moi
dont is used when the object preposition is de-->le dictionnaire dont j'ai besoin a disparu. (also, dont can be used in some cases for whom, but rarely) |
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Term
| a few verbs that will take dont... |
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Definition
avoir besoin de
avoir envie de
avoir peur de
etre surpris de
parler de qqn
penser de
rever de
se souvenir de qqn |
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Term
| lequel/laquelle, lesqeuls/lesquelles |
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Definition
| The form of lequel must agree with the antecedent (the preceding noun to which it refers). For example, you are in a store and speaking about a feminine singular article: La chemise bleue est très chic (The blue shirt is very stylish). If I wanted to know to which blue shirt you were referring, I would have to use the feminine, singular form: Laquelle? |
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Term
| antonymes et expressions de temps |
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Definition
avant/apres, dernier/prochain, il y a/dans, toujours/parfois (ou jamais)
demain, aujourd'hui, ce soir, hier, l'an prochain, l'an passé |
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Term
| autres expressions de temps courantes |
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Definition
| pour commencer, ensuite, pour finir, pour le moment ou en ce moment, bientôt, tout de suite, de temps en temps, jusqu'à |
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Term
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Definition
| quand/lorsque, au moment où, dès que ou aussitôt que, tant que, apres que, pendant que, depuis que |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
pendant--> les musiciens ont repete pendant (not pour) toute la soiree. pendant is a synonym for during
pour-->valerie est partie pour trois mois (always used with aller, venir et partir) |
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Term
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Definition
tous ses amis taquinent jean claude--> jean claude est tquine par tous ses amis.
see page 339 in Contrastes for passive voice verb chart. |
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Term
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Definition
to make qqn do something for you...to have a service done. i.e. nails done, hair done, etc.
nous l'avons fait refaire.
nous l'avons fait repeindre (nous avons fait repeindre notre maison) |
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Term
| comparisions (more, less) |
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Definition
plus + adjective (or adverb or noun) + que = more … than
moins + adjective (or adverb or noun) + que = less … than
Louise est plus petite que sa soeur. (Louise is smaller than her sister.)
Il court moins vite que moi. (He runs less fast than I do.) |
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Term
| comparisons (superlatives) |
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Definition
to say some(one)(thing)(s) is the best or worst at something
le (or la or les) plus (or moins) + adjective (or adverb or noun) + de
Louise est la plus petite de la famille. (Louise is the smallest of the family.) |
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Term
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Definition
To express “as … as” use the French expression:
aussi + adjective (or adverb) + que:
Elle est aussi intelligente que moi. (She is as intelligent as I am.) |
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Term
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Definition
subjuntive clause
je parlerai avant que je pense (pense is subjuncitve)
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Term
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Definition
+ infinitive
je le ferai avant de manger |
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Term
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Definition
+noun, pronoun, time
je vais partir avant le matin |
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Term
| pour que (so that) phrase for subjunctive |
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Definition
| Il crie pour que tu l'entendes. |
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Term
| pendant que (while), à cause de (because of...+noun, pronoun), parce que (because) |
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Definition
| THESE ALL TAKE INDICATIVE TENSE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! |
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Term
| conjunctions that take the subjunctive |
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Definition
| avant que (before), bien que (although), quoique (although), pour que (so that), pourvu que (provided that), à moins que (unless), sans que (without), jusqu'à ce que (until) |
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Term
| conjunctions that take indicative |
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Definition
parce que (because), apres que (after), puisque (since), tandis que (as long as), lorsque* (when), quand* (when), tant que* (as long as), dès que* (as soon as), aussitôt que* (as soon as)
* first part in futur-->last part in futur |
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Term
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Definition
aller- aill/all
vouloir- veuill/voul
venir- vienn/ven
devoir- doiv/dev
prendre- prenne/pren |
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Term
| subjunctive stems irregular |
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Definition
pouvoir- puiss
faire- fass
savoir- sach
ecrire- ecriv
dire- dis
partir- part, sortir- sort, dormir- dorm
lire-lis
rire- ri
mettre- mett
connaitre- connaiss
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