Term
| • Gender stereotypes vs Gender Roles |
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Definition
| o Stereotypes: socially shared beliefs that certain qualities can be assigned to individuals based on their gender |
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Term
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Definition
| o Roles: set of behaviors socially defined as appropriate for one gender |
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Term
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Definition
women are more nurturing than men
Its easy to go from the belief into the roles- follows logically.
role- women are more nurturing than men and from this belief the role is women should be caregivers. |
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Term
| social belief linked with role? |
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Definition
| o These are inextricably linked- logically belief then role 2nd. If you have one you have to have the other. |
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Term
| Biased representations of womens |
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Definition
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Term
| Biased representations of womens in media |
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Definition
underrepresented
stereotyped gender role/behavior
o Emphasis on female attractivenesso
Objectification of women |
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Term
| o Objectification of women in media |
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Definition
• Not just sexualizing women but also turning women into objects
• Heineken commercial- turned women into a robot that births a beer and serves it to you
• Cutting off body parts/image just is body
• Submissive poses- laying on couch, on car |
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Term
| Biased representations of womens in language |
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Definition
spotlighting
negative terms for women
masculine generic |
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Term
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Definition
| highlight the gender of the person in the occupation. |
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Term
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Definition
• Lady cop, hes a doctor vs shes a lady doctor. Cougars and lady cougars.
• Occurs for a men too- when there is a violation of the stereotype and expectation. Male nurse |
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Term
| o Negative terms for women |
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Definition
• Women referred to as food: eye candy
• Women in child like terms: baby/sweety/girl
• Animals- she is a fox/chick/cow/bitch |
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Term
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Definition
• When we use he to represent all people
Chairman- gender neutral is chair person |
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Term
| o The masculine generic isn’t generic- |
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Definition
| we still think of men more than women. Ex: The avg american believes he watches too much tv vs the avg american believes they watch too much TV |
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Term
| Gender stereotypes content |
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Definition
o Instrumentality/agency
o Expressiveness/communion |
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Term
| Gender stereotypes bases - two explanations |
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Definition
social categorization
social role theory |
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Term
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Definition
| the way that we think about things. We like to put things into categories based on things that are observable and easy. It is cognitively easy |
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Term
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Definition
argues that the role comes first and the stereotype follows from that role.
Women have traditionally taken on the caretaking role therefore they must be nurturing. Traditionally men have been providers therefore they must be achievement orientated. |
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Term
| • Explicit and implicit attitudes (IAT=implicit attitude test) |
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Definition
o Explicit- Things we easily identify and are aware of.
o Implicit- attitudes we are unaware of. Not easily modifiable. |
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Term
| Consequences of Stereotypes |
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Definition
| • Gender stereotypes and cognitive errors• Judging attributions based on gender• Self-fulfilling prophecy |
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Term
| • Gender stereotypes and cognitive errors |
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Definition
| o Social cognitive approacho Exaggerating the contrast between women and men |
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Term
| Social cognitive approacho |
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Definition
same as social characteristization. Using gender to categorize people, but placing men and women into those categories can lead to errors in our judgements, perceptions, decisions, memory
• Women is good at math but you might forget that just bc she isnt in that category |
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Term
| o Exaggerating the contrast between women and men |
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Definition
• Gender polarization
Exaggerate the differences- but then it makes all men the same and all women the same. |
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Term
| • Judging attributions based on gender |
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Definition
o social cognitive approach (again).• ex: women are beter at language skills we assume she performs well its bc shes a women. If a male, attribute it to hard work or effort
• Rely on category to help explain behavior |
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Term
| • Self-fulfilling prophecy – |
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Definition
our expectations of other people influences other peoples behavior
o parent of daughter have a expectation that she wont be good at math- that could influence her to not do well in math. Based on gender stereotypes |
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