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| standards of evaluation that are not based on one's own true feelings, preferences, and inclinations but instead on others judgments about what constitutes desirable forms of action |
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| Rogers concept expressing an absence of conflict between the perceived self and experience. Also, one of three conditions suggested as essential for growth and therapeutic progress |
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| a defense mechanism, emphasized by both Freud and Rogers, in which threatening feelings are not allowed into awareness |
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| according to Rogers, a defensive process in which experience is changed so as to be brought into awareness in a form that is consistent with the self |
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| the self concept the individual would most like to possess. A key concept in Rogers theory |
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| Rogers concept of the existence of a discrepancy or conflict between the perceived self and experience |
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| in Rogerian theory, the fundamental human need to be accepted and respected by others |
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| the individuals way of perceiving and experiencing his or her world |
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| the study of human experience; in personality psychology, an approach to personality theory that focuses on how the person perceives and experiences the self and the world |
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| an assessment device in which the subject sorts statements into categories following a normal distribution, used by Rogers as a measure of statements regarding the self and ideal self |
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| the fundamental tendency of the organism to actualize, maintain, enhance itself, and fulfill its potential. A concept emphasized by Rogers and other members of the human potential movement. |
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| the perceptions and meaning associated with the self, me or I |
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| Rogers concept expressing an absence of conflict among perceptions of the self |
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| the persons overall evaluative regard for the self or personal judgment of worthiness |
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| a process emphasized by Rogers in which a stimulus in experienced without being brought into awareness |
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| the extent to which the person behaves in accord with his or her self as opposed to behaving in terms of roles that foster false self presentations |
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| Roger term for his earlier approach to therapy in which the counselors attitude is one of interest in the ways in which the client experiences the self and the world |
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| Contingencies of self worth |
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| the positive and negative events on which ones feelings of self esteem depend |
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| Rogers term for the ability to perceive experiences and feelings and their meanings from the standpoint of another person. One of three therapist conditions essential for therapeutic progress |
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| an approach to understanding people and conducting therapy, associated with the human potential movement, that emphasizes phenomenology and concerns inherent in existing as a person. derived from a more general movement in philosophy. |
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| a group of psychologists, represented by Rogers and Maslow, who emphasize the actualization of fulfillment of individual potential, including an openness to experience. |
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| Self Experience Discrepancy |
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| Rogers emphasis on the potential for conflict between the concept of self and experience- the basis for psychopathology |
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| Unconditional Positive Regard |
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| Rogers term for the acceptance of a person in a total, unconditional way. one of three therapist conditions suggested as essential for growth and therapeutic progress |
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| Ability, Temperament, and Dynamic Traits |
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| in Cattell's trait theory, these categories of traits capture the major aspects of personality |
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| Allport's concept for a disposition that is so pervasive and outstanding in a person's life that virtually every act is traceable to its influence |
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| Allports concept for a disposition to behave in a particular way in a range of situations |
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| in Eysneck's theory, one end of the introversion-extraversion dimension of personality characterized by a disposition to be sociable, friendly, impulsive and risk taking |
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| a statistical method for analyzing correlations among a set of personality test or test items in order to determine those variables or test responses that increase or decrease together. used in the development or personality tests and of some trait theories( cattell and eysenck) |
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| Allports concept that a motive may become independent of its origins; in particular, motives in adults may become independent of their earlier base in tension reduction |
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| in Eysenck's theory, one end of the introversion-extraversion dimension of personality characterized by a disposition to be quite reserved, reflective and risk avoiding |
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| in Cattells theory, life record data relating to behavior in everyday life situations or to ratings of such behavior |
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| in Eysenck's theory, a dimension of personality defined by stability and low anxiety at one end and instability and high anxiety at the other end |
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| in Cattell's theory, objective test data or information about personality obtained from observing behavior in miniature situations |
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| in Eysenck's theory, a dimension of personality defined by a tendency to be solitary and insensitive at one end ad to accept social custom and care about others at the other end |
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| in Cattell's theory, personality data obtained from questionnaires |
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| behavior considered to be appropriate for a person's place or status in society. Emphasized by Cattell as one of a number of variables that limit the influence of personality variables on behavior relative to situational variables |
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| Allport's concept for a disposition to behave in a particular way that is relevant to few situations |
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| in Cattell's theory, behaviors that vary together to form an independent dimension of personality, which is discovered through the use of factor analysis |
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| emotional and mood changes( e.g. anxiety, depression, fatigue) that Cattell suggested ,ay influence the behavior of a person at a given time. The assessment of both traits and states is suggested to predict behavior. |
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| a higher order or secondary factor representing a higher level of organization or traits than the initial factors derived from factor analysis |
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| in Cattell's theory, behaviors that appear to be linked to one another but do not in fact increase and decrease together |
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| a disposition to behave in a particular way, as expressed in a person's behavior over a range of situations |
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| in trait factor theory, the five major trait categories, including emotionality, activity, and sociability factors |
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| the more specific traits( or components) that make up each of the broad Big Five factors. For example, facets of extraversion are activity level, assertiveness, excitement seeking, positive emotions, gregariousness, and warmth. |
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| en emerging consensus among trait theorists suggesting five basic factors in human personality: Neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness |
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| Fundamental Lexical Hypothesis |
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| the hypothesis that over time the most important individual differences in human interaction have been encoded as single terms into language |
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| a personality questionnaire designed to measure people's standing on each of the factors of the five factor model, as well as on facets of each factor |
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| the acronym for the five basic traits: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism |
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| Person Situation Controversy |
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| a controversy between psychologists who emphasize the consistency of behavior across situations and those who emphasize the importance of the variability of behavior according to the particular situation |
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