Term
what statements are true about various gastric systems?
|
|
Definition
-Ruminant animals have a 4 chambered stomach and have cellulose producing microbes in their
rumens.
-Equines (horses) have a large cecum that facilities nutrient and water absorption from cellulose |
|
|
Term
Which statements are true about herbivores?
|
|
Definition
-Large grazing animals do not themselves produce the enzyme required to digest the cellulose that comprises the bulk of structural carbohydrates of forages.
-Only a few species of microbes produce the enzyme cellulase, which is required to digest the cellulose found in forages. |
|
|
Term
| which statements are true about the effect of grazing on grasses? |
|
Definition
-removal of photosynthetic tissue reduces a plants ability to assimilate energy.
-Grazing reduces the amount of total leaf area, alters the age of remaining plant leaves, and modifies the photosynthetic rate per unit area. |
|
|
Term
| What are the effects of grazing on resource allocation in grasses |
|
Definition
-Defoliation results in reduced total leaf area but an increased percentage of energy allocation to leaves.
-The allocation of photosynthetic energy is unaffected by any intensity of defoliation. |
|
|
Term
| What are the plant responses to grazing due to Biochemical Avoidance? |
|
Definition
| Contribut to plant defense rather than primary metabolism |
|
|
Term
| What are the plant responses of grazing due to Tolerance? |
|
Definition
| Physiological mechanisms that increase growth after grazing |
|
|
Term
| What are the plant responses to grazing due to Mechanical Avoidance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the plant responses to grazing due to Secondary Compounds? |
|
Definition
| Chemical compounds that deter herbivores |
|
|
Term
| What are the plant responses to grazing due to Compensatory photosynthesis? |
|
Definition
| Leaves of defoliated plants display greater rates of photosynthesis than nondefoliated plants |
|
|
Term
| Compensatory plant growth in grass plants refers to their accelerated growth rate following defoliation is a true or false statement about compensatory plant growth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Removal of photosynthetic tissues reduces a plant's ability to assimilate solar energy is a true or false statement about the effect of grazing on the growth of grass plants? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ruminants have a symbiotic relationship with microbes that exist in the rumen and that produce cellulase that catalyzes the break down cellulose is a true or false statement about cellulose and its consumption by ruminants? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The phytomer is that modular unit of organization in grass plants and consists of what? |
|
Definition
| A node, internode, leaf sheath, leaf blade, and axillary bud |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An individual grass shoot |
|
|
Term
| What is the total number of Animal Unit Years that the herd represents? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are factors for when calculating the appropriate average stocking rate for a given operation? |
|
Definition
-Total acreage of the land being managed
-Forage demand, which is determined by the types and classes of animals being produced, and the period for which they graze
-Distance of grazing resources from water and variation in slope on the land being managed |
|
|
