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308 Nonverbal WVU
Exam 1 Review
36
Communication
Undergraduate 3
01/29/2012

Additional Communication Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the nature of communication? Can we avoid communicating?
Definition
It is Impossible not to communicate anything as humans we are constantly communicating something
Term
What is nonverbal communication? What are some characteristics of Nonverbal Communication?
Definition
Nonverbal communication is the act of giving or exchanging information without using any spoken words.It also in incudes
Gestures
Facial Expressions
Body Language
Posture
Glances
Term
Understand encoding and decoding and what they relate to in terms of people engaging in the
communication proces
Definition
Encoding- The sender encodes meaning to thier message so the sender can recieve it.
Decoding- The receivers perception of the message the that they have recieved
Term
Differentiate between physical and spatial environment
Definition
Term
Differences in speech related and speech independent gesture
Definition
A Speach related gesture such as an array of pointing only means something when associated with words

While a speach independent gesture such as a shrug doesn't need verbal accompaniment
Term
Understand how verbal and nonverbal comm. Interrelate.
Definition
You cannot vebally communicate without nonverbally communicating.

Non verbal channelsare believed over verbal channels
Term
Describe the nature versus nurture argument
be the nature versus nurture argument.
o Which is correct?
o Evidence for either standpoint
Definition
Nature-Our communication skills are hardwired in our genes

Nurture-We learn our communication skills through life and upbringing

Both are correct

Case studies done with:
Babies
Sensory Deprived People
Identical Twins
NonHuman Primates
Multi Cultural Studies
Term
General findings from the studies (Nature v. Nurture).
Definition
That Non Verbal Communication is both learned and inherited
Smiling-Universal(nature)
Meaning of Middle Finger (Nurture)
Term
Understand the three primary sources of nonverbal behavior
Definition
1.Inherited Neurological Programs
2.Experiences Common to all members of a species
3.Experiences that vary with culture. Class or Family
Term

Sensory Deprivation Experiments

(Nature vs. nurture)

Definition

BLIND DEAF Non verbal comm still present even though these actions weren't learned through standard channels

 

Favors Nature

Term
What is social competence? Why is it important and what is it comprised of?
Definition
Social Competence is how effectively a person can Encode/Decode a Message.

Comprised of
Term
Is it better to have more knowledge about nonverbal communication? Why?
Definition
Yes it matters being a better communicator which helps you out in many aspects of life.
Term
Identify and define some things that are commonly communicated through nonverbal behavior.
Definition
Interpersonal Orientation
Attitiudes
Intentions
Physical State
Personality
Personality
Personal Charecteristics
Intelligence
Deception and Insincerity
Appearance and Behavior
Term
Know the names of the types of tests – don’t worry about procedure
Definition
PONS, PONVA, JACBARA, IPT
Term
Identify and define factors that contribute to accuracy in nonverbal processing.
Definition
Explicit Knowlege of Nonverbal cues favored (ie Face Readers)

Age- Curvilinear Correlation gets better plateaus then starts decreasing

Gender- Females have a slight advantage
Term
Identify and define factors that contribute to accuracy in nonverbal encoding
Definition
Term
What are the steps to becoming a successful and skilled nonverbal observer? (5 things)
Definition
skill 1: The ability to quickly reduce stress.

skill 2: The ability to recognize and manage your emotions.

skill 3: The ability to connect with others using nonverbal communication.

skill 4: The ability to use humor and play to deal with challenges.

skill 5: The ability to resolve conflicts positively and with confidence.
Term
Understand the OCEAN trait model – what does it stand for, and what do the traits indicate?
Definition
Openness to new experience; Conscientiousness;
Extraversion;
Agreeableness;
Neuroticism.
Term
Define and describe the 6 types of perceptions (e.g., formality, constraint, etc.)
Definition
1.Fomality 2.Warmth 3.Privacy 4.Constraint 5.Distance 6.Constraint
Term
Reacting to environments / Screeners v. Non-screeners
Definition
We react emotionally to environments

Non screeners react to every environment with no filter

While Screeners decide which Enviroments they react to and monitor which ones they don't
Term
Define and describe the 4 different ways we perceive time.
Definition
1.As a Location/Dinnertime, too early to begin drinking, 420,timing of events

2.As a Duration/ How long something should last, Differences in perception of time.

3.Intervals/ How often is acceptable to see a friend, space between events effects how we see events

4.Patterns of Intervals/ Rythems of how days,and weeks proceed, this is why Monday holidays make our week seem wierd.
Term
What are some things that affect our perceptions of an environment?
Definition
Color-Blue/green=Calm Orange/red=arrousal

Sound=Background music can effect sales
High workload + sporadic noise= High Stress

Movable Object- Where funiture is located effects how the room will ultimately function
Term
How does the natural environment affect us?
Definition
Population- Creates geographical imperitives that effect comm, Network Density/ Network Diversity

Temperature- Warm=Increase in vioent behavior, higher crime rates, More MLB homeruns

Season- Spring Fever, Seasonal Affective Disorder

Other People in environment-Home field advantage, Levels of others involvement affect how it affects us.
Term
Fixed features, Semi-Fixed Features, etc.
Definition
Fixed Features, Permanent things such as cabinets and walls determine how a room will effect comm. and approiate communication distances
Term
What style of architecture does American architecture favor?
Definition
Comfort and Openness, warmer colors and soft
Term
Evidence through Neonatal studies (Nature v. Nurture)
Definition
Feelings of Joy Surprise and intrest were easily expressed.

Fear anger and disgust were absent in thier expressions

Supports the Nature Arument
Term
Evidence from seperated at birth Twin Studies (Nature v. Nurture)
Definition
Identical Genes different enviroments

Very similar Movement, Gesture and Posture, Vocal Characteristics, and Similar overall intrests and Personality

Emphasizes Nature over Nurture
Term
Evidence From Non Human Primates (Nature v. Nurture.)
Definition
Behavioral Simularites linked to common biological and social problems

Very Similar display of anger, avoidance of pain

Favors Nature over nurture
Term
Evidence From Multicultural Studies (Nature vs. Nurture)
Definition
Some Facial expressions are common (laughing, smiling)
However Many are different
2 Major influences of this are
1 Power Distance
2. Individualist Vs. Collectivist Culture

Leans toward Nurture
Term
Perception of Warmth
Definition
Psychological Feeling
-Color
-Furnishing
Term
Perception of Formality
Definition
Based on everything from Objects to People
Increased formality=increased formal behavior
Term
Perception of Formality
Definition
Based on everything from Objects to People
Increased formality=increased formal behavior
Term
Perception of Privacy
Definition
Enclosed enviroments suggest greater privacy
With greater privacy comes greater relaxation
Term
Perceptions of Familiarity
Definition
Unfamiliar environments tend to present us with rituals, roles and norms we aren't accustomed to which could inhibit our behaviors
Term
Perception of Constraint
Definition
How easily we can leave a situation

*Not always physical constraint sometimes psychological
Term
Perception of Distance
Definition
Based on how much space you have to conduct our communications, could be physical or psychological
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