Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| In peptidoglycan what is the same vs different in G+ and G- |
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Definition
Both have same sugars NAG and NAM
G- has conserved peptides and always direct cross bridge
G+ has changed #3 AA and different bridges |
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Term
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Definition
| Amide bonds between peptides that link 3rd AA of one chain to the 4th AA of the other chain. |
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Term
| Enzymes that form cross bridges are: |
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Definition
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Term
| Transpeptidase is a target for |
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Definition
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Term
| Order of G- peptides in cell wall: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| always direct between mDAP and D-Ala |
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Term
| Why can you form a direct cross bridge between mDAP and D Ala in G- |
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Definition
| Dmap has two amines on it available to form two amide bonds |
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Term
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Definition
varies between species, #3aa changes, the others are conserved
L-Ala D-Glu ?? D-Ala |
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Term
Bacillus anthracis is gram --?
Cross bridge is:
AA chain is- |
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Definition
POSITIVE- stains purple and forms endospores
Cross bridge is direct
L-ALA D-Glu L-Lys D-ALA |
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Term
Staphylococcus Aureus is gram --?
Cross bridge is:
AA chain is- |
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Definition
POSITIVE
Interpeptide- additional aa in cross bridge, 5 Gly
L-Ala D-Gly L-Lys D-Ala |
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Term
| Vancomycin is only for gram --? Works by: |
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Definition
POSITIVE
Inhibits transpeptidase which forms cross bridges. When cell is trying to divide two cell walls wont be able to be made and doubled DNA will cause the cell to lyse
prevents realease of terminal D-Ala |
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Term
| Cross bridge and AA chain for Neisseria gonorrhea |
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Definition
NEGATIVE
Direct cross bridge
L Ala, D Gly, mDAP, D ALA |
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Term
| Penicillin targets Gram --? |
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Definition
| BOTH negative and positive |
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Term
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Definition
hydrolysing Beta 1,4 glycosidic bonds
breaks the NAG/NAM bonds: cell wall breaks= cell lyse |
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Term
| Does lysozyme work for archae? |
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Definition
| No archae have beta 1,3 glycosidic bonds. Lysozyme is an enzyme specific for 1,4 |
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Term
| How do phages lyse out of bacteria? |
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Definition
| Their DNA encodes for the lysozyme protein to be made |
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Term
Chlamydia trachomatis is special because:
related to |
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Definition
| doesn't have cell wall. Has 2 membranes relating it to G- |
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Term
Mycoplasma genitalium is special because:
Related to: |
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Definition
no cell wall
one membrane relates it to G+ |
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Term
| Will penicillum or vancomyocin work on chlamydia trachomatis or mycoplasma genitalium? |
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Definition
| No they don't have cell walls. These drugs work by blocking transpeptidase the enzyme that forms cross bridges for cell walls. |
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Term
Mycobacteria is technically gramm --?
but why is it hard to tell?
What stain works well? |
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Definition
POSTIVE
gram stains poorly bc cell envelope is very unpenetratable.
Acid fast stain good differential test |
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Term
DNA of bacteria has no --. Instead one large (size?) --?
It has -- with -- super helical turns |
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Definition
nucleus
Mb circular chromosome
super coiled nucleoid
Negative super helical turns |
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Term
| What are negative super helical turns what creates them. This means these are? |
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Definition
opposite direction of DNA turns
Gyrase and topoisomerase
Antibiotic target |
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