Term
| Prokaryotic vs euk ribosomes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| nucleoid- compacted dna molecule w/out membrane free floats |
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Term
| what is cellular envelope in prokaryotes? |
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Definition
| bag holds everything inside made of atleast one maybe two cell membrane, cell wall= peptidoglycan and other structures. |
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Term
Gram Negative Cell envelope:
stains-
# of membranes, which means |
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Definition
RED
2 membranes, less sensitive to antimicrobials
Periplasm
Thin peptidoglycan layer (cell wall |
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Term
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Definition
inner (cellular)
outer has porins (protein channels) for nutrient entry and polysaccharide sugar layer called LPS- lipopolysaccharide |
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Term
Gram positive cell envelope-
Gram stains-
# of cellular membranes |
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Definition
PURPLE
Single cell membrane
No porins
THICK peptidoglycan cell wall |
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Term
| G+ has Teichoic acids which: |
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Definition
Phosphorylated sugar/glycerol polymers
bound throughout cell wall
strength |
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Term
| Is the polysaccharide layer in G- and G+ the same? |
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Definition
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Term
Bacteria Cell membrane is always:
sometimes: |
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Definition
semipermeable phospholipid bilayer
sometimes contains other components that are NOT found in all bacteria |
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Term
| Bacterial Membrane Lipid structure |
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Definition
D-glycerol based [(CH2OH)2]
fatty acids
ESTER linkages (0-C=O) to glycerol
can be hydrolyzed |
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Term
| Bacterial Membrane Fatty acid structure |
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Definition
saturated- palmitic acid
unsaturated (cis fluidity)-oleic
cyclopropyl (stability)- cycloprane |
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Term
| Bacterial Cell membrane Hopanoids: |
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Definition
hydrophobic and hydrophilic
stability acts like eukaryotic cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
Endotoxin
-foreign/toxic, initiates major immune response
3 parts:
Lipid A
Core polysaccharide
O-specific polysaccharide |
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Term
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Definition
| forign, anchors LPS membrane |
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Term
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Definition
short sugar chain
conserved among G- |
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Term
| O-specific polysaccharide |
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Definition
O-antigen
distinctive strain identifier
not in every species LPS
much longer sugar chain 200+ |
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Term
Peptidoglycan=
aka
made up of |
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Definition
murein
sugars and peptide chains |
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Term
| Bacterial cell wall characteristics: |
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Definition
rigid, prevent lysis
porous (ions, small organics, water) |
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Term
| How is a bacterial cell wall a antimicrobial (antibiotic) target? |
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Definition
| Not present in humans. allows for selevtivity different enzymes. |
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Term
| do all bacteria have cells walls? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the same between G+ and G-
not finished lec 5 slide 8-27 |
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Definition
| sugar (glycan) subunits are glucose based- NAG/NAM |
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Term
Pili /fimbrae
made up of:
used for 3 things: |
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Definition
protein filaments
1. conjugation (sex)
2. Adherance
3. Motility |
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Term
Flagellum:
generally in -
used for-
response to-
req |
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Definition
G- (some archae)
Motility
chemotaxis response to attractants and repellents
req. proton motive force (PMF) |
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Term
Endospores:
resist-
behavior-
cell division-
ex- |
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Definition
heat, dessication (drying) UV, O2
dormant, awaken upon environmental cues
asymmetrical cell division
ex: bacillus anthracic, clostridium perfringens |
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